...was covered by the charge of the court. The argument of appellants' counsel is that by the statute "all persons concerned in the commission of a crime...constituting the offense, or aid and abet in its commission," etc. ". . . . are principals": Pen. Code, sec. 31. And hence, it is argued, "as a logical conclusion,...

...the fact and a principal, and thereunder all persons concerned in the commission of a public offense, whether they directly commit the act constituting the offense, or aid and abet in its commission, though not present, are punishable as principals, p. 564. Reaffirmed in State v. Thornton, 26 Iowa...

...Attention is invited to the Criminal Code of Alaska (Title I, chap. 13, sec. 186), which states that all persons concerned in the commission of a crime,...whether they directly commit the act constituting the crime or aid and abet in its commission, though not present, are principals, and to be tried and punished...

...poison is prohibited at all times. The Criminal Code of Alaska (Title I, chap. 13. sec. 186) states that all persons concerned in the commission of a crime,...whether they directly commit the act constituting the crime or aid and abet in its commission, though not present, are principals, and to be tried und punished...

...however, the court, under its definition of accomplices as all persons connected with the commission of crime, whether they directly commit the act constituting the offense, or aid and abet in its commission, has held that liability to indictment for the same offense is not necessary to render one an accomplice...

...poison is prohibited at all times. The Criminal Code of Alaska (Title I, chap. 13. sec. 186) states that all persons concerned in the commission of a crime,...whether they directly commit the act constituting the crime or aid and abet in its commission, though not present, are principals, and to be tried and punished...

...before the fact and a principal and provides that all persons concerned in the commission of a felony whether they directly commit the act constituting the offense or aid and abet in its commission, though not present, shall be prosecuted as principals. Held, that instructions, erroneous because of...

...respectively, copies of sections 8119 and 9167 of the Revised Codes. The former declares principals all persons concerned in the commission of a crime,...whether they directly commit the act constituting it or aid and abet in its commission, or, not being present, have advised and encouraged its commission....

...principals. All persons concerned in the commission of a crime, whether it be felony or misdemeanor, and whether they directly commit the act constituting...present, have advised and encouraged its commission, and all persons counseling, advising, or encouraging children under the age of fourteen years, lunatics...

...first and second degree, in cases of felony, and all persons concerned in the commission of a felony, whether" they directly commit the act constituting the offense, or aid and abet in its commission, though not present, shall hereafter be indicted, tried, and punished as principals.'' When enacted...