2. Find the decimal expression of 16s. 4d and 17s Ans. £,819, and £,885 sid. 3. Write down £ 47 18 10 in a decimal expression. 4. Reduce £1 Ss. 2d. to an equivalent decimal. PROBLEM II. Ans. £47,948 Ans. £1,40 A short and easy method to find the value of any. decimal of a pound by inspection. RULE. Double the first figure, or place of tenths for shillings, and if the second figure be 5, or more than 5, reckon another shilling; then, after this 5 is deducted, call the figures in the second and third places so many farthings, abating 1 when they are above 12, and 2 when above 36, and the result will be the answer. NOTE. When the decimal has but 2 figures, if any thing remains after the shillings are taken out, a cipher must be annexed to the left hand, or supposed to be so. EXAMPLES. 1. Find the value of £.,679 by inspection. 12s.double of 6 1 for the 5 in the second place which is to be [deducted out of 7 71d. 29 farthings remain to be added. Add Ans. 13s. 7d. 2. Find the value of £.,876 by inspection. Ans. 178. 61d. 3. Find the value of £. ,842 by inspection. Ans. 16s. 10d. 4. Find the value of £. ,097 by inspection. Ans. 1s. 111d. REDUCTION OF CURRENCIES. RULES, FOR reducing the Currencies of the several United States into Federal Money. CASE I. To reduce the currencies of the different states, where a dollar is an even number of shillings, to Federal Money. They are Kentucky, and RULE. New York, and 1. When the sum consists of pounds only, annex a cipher to the pounds, and divide by half the number of shillings in a dollar; the quotient will be dollars.† 2. But if the sum consists of pounds, shillings, pence, &c. bring the given sum into shillings, and reduce the pence and farthings to a decimal of a shilling; annex said decimal to the shillings, with a decimal point between, then divide the whole by the number of shillings contained in a dollar, and the quotient will be dollars, cents, mills, &c. * Formerly the pound was of the same sterling value in all the colonies as in Great-Britain, and a Spanish Dollar worth 4s6-but the legislatures of the different colonies emitted bills of credit, which afterwards deprecia. ted in their value, in soine states more, in others less, &c. Thus a dollar is reckoned in +Adding a cipher to the pounds, multiplies the whole by 10, bringing them into tenths of a pound; then because a dollar is just three-tenths of a pound N. E. currency, dividing those tenths by 3, brings them into dollars, &c. See Note, page 85. EXAMPLES. New-England and Virginia Currency, 3)730 2. Reduce 451. 15s. 74d. New-England currency, to $ cts. $243243 381 [federal money. d. 12)7,500 ,625 decimal. 20 A dollar=6)915,625 $152,604+ Ans. NOTE. 2 3 farthing is 25) which annex to the pence, ,50 and divide by 12, you will ,75 have the decimal required. 3. Reduce 345l. 10s. 111d. New-Hampshire, &c. currency, to Spanish milled dollars, or federal money. £345 10 111 6)6910,9375 $1151,8229+ Ars. d. 12)11,2500 ,9375 Decimal. 4. Reduce 1051. 14s. 33d. New-York and North-Caro lina currency, to federal money, 5. Reduce 4311. New-York currency to federal money This being pounds only.*- 4)4310 cts. Ans. $10771077,50 * A dollar is 8s. in this currency-,4 of a pound; therefore, multiply by 10, and divide by 4, brings the pounds into dollars, &c 6. Reduce 281. 11s. 6d. New-England and Virginia currency, to federal money. Ans. $95,25cts. 7. Change 4637. 10s. 8d. New-England, &c. currency, to federal money. Ans. $1545, 11cts. 1m.+ 8. Reduce 351. 19s. Virginia, &c. currency, to federal Ans. $119, 83cts 3m.+ money. 9. Reduce 2147. 10s. 74d. New-York, &c. currency, to federal money. Ans. $536, 32cts. 8m.+ 10. Reduce 304l. 118. 5d. North-Carolina, &c. currency, to federal money. Ans. $761, 42cts. 7m.+ 11. Change 2197. 118. 73d. New-England and Virginia currency, to federal money. Ans. $731, 94cts.+ 12. Change 2411. New-England, &c. currency, into federal money. Ans. $803, 33cts. 13. Bring 207. 18s. 53d. New-England currency, into dollars. 14. Reduce 4687. New-York Ans. $69, 74ets. 61⁄2m.+ currency, to federal money. Ans. $1170 15. Reduce 178. 93d. New-York, &c. currency, to dol lars, &c. Ans. $2, 22cts. 6,5m.+ 16. Borrowed 10 English crowns, at 6s. 8d. each, how many dollars at 6s. each, will pay the debt ? Ans. $11, 11cts. 1m. NOTE.-There are several short practical methods reducing New-England and New-York currencies to Federal Money, for which see the Appendix. CASE II. To reduce the currency of New-Jersey, Pennsylvania, "Multiply the given sum by 8, and divide the product by 3, ana the quotient will be dollars, &c.* EXAMPLES. 1. Reduce 2451. New-Jersey, &c. currency, to federal money. £245×8 1960, and 1960÷÷3=$6531=$653, 331cts. NOTE.-When there are shillings, pence, &c. in the * A dollar is 7s. 6d. 90d. in this currency=% } of 1 pound; therefore, multiplying by 8, and dividing by 3 ives the dollars, cents, &c. 2 given sum, reduce them to the decimal of a pound, then multiply and divide as above, &c. 2. Reduce 361. 11s. 8d. New-Jersey, &c. currency, to federal money. £36,5854 decimal value. 8 To reduce the currency of South-Carolina and Georgia, to federal money. Multiply the given sum by 50, and divide the product by 7, the quotient will be the dollars, cents, &c.* EXAMPLES. 1. Reduce 1007. South Carolina and Georgia currency, to federal money. 100% x30-3000; 3000÷7 $428,5714, Ans. 2. Reduce 541. 16s. 93d. Georgia currency, to federal 54,8406 decimal expression. money. 30 * 4s. 8d. or 56d. to the dollar=&=1 of a pound; therefore ×30÷7. |