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and truly belongs to the citizens of one of the parties. They have likewise agreed that such ships, being laden, besides the said sea-letters or passports, shall be provided with certificates containing the several particulars of the cargo and the place whence the ship sailed, so that it may be known whether any contraband or prohibited goods are on board of the same; which certificates shall be made out by the officers of the place whence the ship sailed, in the accustomed form, without which requisites the said vessel may be detained to be adjudged If not so provided, by the competent tribunals, and may be declared a legal may be a prize, unless the said defect shall be proved to be owing to accident, or be satisfied or supplied by testimony entirely equivalent, in the opinion of said tribunals, to which ends there shall be allowed a sufficient term of time for its procurement.

ARTICLE XIX.

may be adjudged lawful prize.

And it is further agreed that the stipulations above expressed, relative to the visiting and examining of vessels, shall apply to Vessels under conthose only which sail without convoy; and when said ves- voy not subject to sels shall be under convoy, the verbal declaration of

examination.

the commander of the convoy, on his word of honor, that the vessels under his protection belong to the nation whose flag he carries, and, when they are bound to an enemy's port, that they have no contraband goods on board, shall be sufficient.

ARTICLE XX.

Prize court only

prizes.

It is moreover agreed that, in all cases, the established courts for prize causes, in the country to which the prize may be conducted, shall alone take cognizance of them. And when to take cognizance of ever such tribunal or court of either party shall pronounce judgment against any vessel, goods, or property, claimed by citizens of the other party, the sentence or decree shall mention the reasons or motives in which the same shall have been founded; and an authenticated copy of the sentence or decree, and of all the proceedings in the case shall, if demanded, be delivered to the commander or agent of said vessel or property, without any excuse or delay, he paying the legal fees for the same.

ARTICLE XXI.

Citizens of neither engage in privateering against

Whenever one of the contracting parties shall be engaged in war with another State, no citizen of the other contracting party shall accept a commission or letter of marque, for party to the purpose of assisting or co-operating hostilely with the the other. said enemy against the said party so at war, under pain of being treated as a pirate.

ARTICLE XXII.

In the event of war between the parties, citizens may remain,

If, at any time, a rupture should take place between the two contracting nations, and (which God forbid) they should become engaged in war with each other, they have agreed, and do agree now, for then, that the merchants, traders, &c. and other citizens of all occupations, of each of the two parties residing in the cities, ports, and dominions of the other, shall have the privilege of remaining and continuing their trade and business therein, and shall be respected and maintained in the full and undisturbed enjoyment of

If suspected of mal. practices, or

allowed, &c.

their personal liberty and property, so long as they behave peaceably and properly, and commit no offence against the laws. And in case their conduct should render them suspected of malprac dered to depart, time tices, and, having thus forfeited this privilege, the respective Governments should think proper to order them to depart, the term of twelve months, from the publication or intimation of this order therefor, shall be allowed them, in which to arrange and settle their affairs, and remove with their families, effects, and property; to which end the necessary safe conduct shall be given to them, and which shall serve as a sufficient protection until they arrive at the designated port, and there embark. But this favor shall Exceptions. not be extended to those who shall act contrary to the established laws. It is, nevertheless, to be understood that the persons so suspected may be ordered by the respective Governments to remove forthwith into the interior, to such places as they shall think fit to designate.

ARTICLE XXIII.

Neither the debts due from individuals of the one nation to the individuals of the other, nor shares, nor money, which they may have in public funds, nor in public or private banks, shall ever, in any event of war or national difference, be sequestered or confiscated.

Property of citizens not to be sequestered.

lic agents.

ARTICLE XXIV.

Both the contracting parties being desirous of avoiding all inequality Immunities of pub in relation to their public communications and official intercourse, they have agreed, and do agree, to, grant to their Envoys, Ministers, and other public agents, the same favors, immunities, and exemptions, as those of the most favored nation do or shall enjoy it being understood that whatever favors, immunities, or privileges the United States of America or the Peru-Bolivian Confederation may find it proper to grant to the Envoys, Ministers, and public agents of any other power shall, by the same act, be granted and extended to those of the contracting parties respectively.

Consuls admitted

foreign commerce, except, &c.

ARTICLE XXV.

To make more effectual the protection which the United States of America and the Peru-Bolivian Confederation shall afford into all ports open to in future to the navigation and commerce of the citizens of each other, they agree to receive and admit Consuls and Vice-Consuls in all the ports open to foreign commerce; who shall enjoy, within their respective consular districts, all the rights, prerogatives, and immunities of the Consuls and Vice-Consuls of the most favored nation, each contracting party, however, remaining at liberty to except those ports and places in which the admission and residence of such functionaries may not seem convenient.

ARTICLE XXVI.

In order that the Consuls and Vice-Consuls of the two contracting parties may enjoy the rights, prerogatives, and immunities commissions, which belong to them by their public character, they shall, before entering on the exercise of their functions, exhibit

Consuls to exhibit their &c.

their commission or patent, in due form, to the Government to which they are accredited; and, having received their exequatur, they shall be held and considered as such Consuls and Vice-Consuls by all the authorities, magistrates, and inhabitants in the consular district in which they reside.

ARTICLE XXVII.

It is likewise agreed that the Consuls, Vice-Consuls, their secretaries, officers, and persons attached to their service, (they not Privileges of conbeing citizens of the country in which the Consul or Vice- sula, &c. Consul resides,) shall be exempt from all public service, and also from all kinds of taxes, imposts, and contributions, except those which they shall be obliged to pay on account of commerce, or their property, and from which the citizens of their respective country, resident in the other, are not exempt, in virtue of the stipulations contained in this treaty; they being, in every thing besides, subject to the laws of the respective States. The archives and papers of the consu- Consular archives. lates shall be respected inviolably, and under no pretext to be inviolable. whatever shall any magistrate or other person seize or in any way interfere with them.

ARTICLE XXVIII.

Consuls, &c., may

require the assist

ance of the local authorities to arrest deserters,

The said Consuls and Vice-Consuls shall have power to require the assistance of the authorities of the country for the arrest, detention, and custody of deserters from the public and private vessels of their country; and for this purpose they shall address themselves to the courts, judges, or officers competent, and shall demand the said deserters in writing, proving, by an exhibition of the ship's roll or other public document, that the men so demanded are part of the crew of the vessel from which it is alleged they have deserted; and on this demand, so proved, (saving, however, when the contrary is more conclusively proved,) the delivery shall not be refused. Such deserters, when arrested, shall be put at the disposal of the said Consuls or Vice-Consuls, and may be put in the public prisons, at the request and expense of those who reclaim them, to be sent to the ships to which they belong, or to others of the same nation; but if they should not be so sent within two months, to be counted from the day of their arrest, they shall be set at liberty, and shall be no more arrested for the same cause.

ARTICLE XXIX.

Deserters, how to be disposed of

For the purpose of more effectually protecting their commerce and navigation, the two contracting parties do hereby agree to Consular convenform, as soon hereafter as may be mutually convenient, a tion to be formed. consular convention, which shall declare, specially, the powers and immunities of the Consuls and Vice-Consuls of the respective parties.

ARTICLE XXX.

Points agreed to.

The United States of America, and the Peru-Bolivian Confederation, desiring to make as durable as circumstances will permit the relations which are established between the two parties in virtue of this treaty, or general convention of peace, friendship, commerce, and navigation, have declared solemnly, and do agree, as follows:

1st. The present treaty shall be in force for twelve years from the day

Duration of the treaty.

of the exchange of the ratifications thereof; and, further, until the end of one year after either of the contracting parties shall have given notice to the other of its intention to terminate the same, each of them reserving to itself the right of giving such notice to the other, at the end of said term of twelve years. And it is hereby agreed between the parties that, on the expiration of one year after such notice shall have been received by either of them from the other, as above mentioned, this treaty shall, in all the points relating to commerce and navigation, altogether cease and determine; and in all those parts which relate to peace and friendship, it shall be permanently and perpetually binding on both Powers.

Citizens personally

2ndly. If any one or more of the citizens of either party shall infringe any of the articles of this treaty, such citizen or citizens responsible for viola- shall be held personally responsible therefor, and the hartions of this treaty. mony and good correspondence between the two nations shall not be interrupted thereby; each party engaging in no way to protect the offender or offenders, or to sanction such violence, under pain of rendering itself liable for the consequences thereof.

War not to be de

has been demanded,

&c.

3rdly. If, (which, indeed, cannot be expected,) unfortunately, any of the stipulations contained in the present treaty shall be vioclared until redress lated or infringed in any other way whatever, it is expressly covenanted and agreed, that neither of the contracting parties will order, or authorize, any act of reprisals, nor declare or make war against the other, on complaint of injuries or damages resulting therefrom, until the party considering itself aggrieved shall first have presented to the other a statement or representation of such injuries or damages, verified by competent proofs, and have demanded redress and satisfaction, and the same shall have been either refused or unreasonably delayed.

4thly. Nothing in this treaty contained shall, however, be construed to operate contrary to former and existing public treaties to be affected by With other states or sovereigns.

Other treaties not

this.

The present treaty of peace, friendship, commerce, and navigation shall be approved and ratified by the President of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof, and by the Supreme Protector of the north and south Peruvian States, President of the Republic of Bolivia, encharged with the direction of the foreign relatious of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation; and the ratifications shall be exchanged within eighteen months from the date of the signature hereof, or sooner if possible.

In faith whereof we, the Plenipotentiaries of the United States of America and the Peru-Bolivian Confederation, have signed and sealed these presents.

Done in the city of Lima on the thirtieth day of November, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and thirty-six. SAMUEL LARNED. J. GARCIA DEL RIO.

[L. S.]

L. S.]

PERU.

PERU, 1841.

CONVENTION WITH PERU, RESPECTING CLAIMS. CONCLUDED MARCH 17, 1841; PROCLAIMED FEBRUARY 21, 1844, AND JANUARY 8, 1847.*

Commissiones ap

The United States of America and the Republic of Peru, desirous of consolidating permanently the good understanding and friendship now happily existing between the parties, have pointed. resolved to arrange and terminate their differences and pretensions, by means of a convention that shall determine exactly the responsibilities of Peru with respect to the claims of certain citizens of the United States against her:

And with this intention, the President of the United States has ap pointed James C. Pickett, Chargé d'Affaires of said States near Peru, and His Excellency the President of the Republic of Peru has appointed Don Manuel del Rio, principal officer of the Department of Finance, Acting Minister of the same Department and Supernumerary Councillor of State;

And both Commissioners, after having exchanged their powers, have agreed upon and signed the following articles:

ARTICLE I.

The Peruvian Government, in order to make full satisfaction for various claims of citizens of the United States, on account Peru to pay United of seizures, captures, detentions, sequestrations, and con- States $300,000, fiscations of their vessels, or for the damage and destruction of them, of their cargoes, or other property, at sea, and in the ports and terri'tories of Peru, by order of said Government of Peru, or under its authority, has stipulated, to pay to the United States, the sum of three hundred thousand dollars, which shall be distributed among the claimants, in the manner and according to the rules that shall be prescribed by the Government of the United States.

*The reason why this treaty was proclaimed twice will appear in the following extract from the second proclamation of it, viz:

"And whereas the seventh article of the said convention required that the ratifications of the contracting parties should be exchanged within two years from its date, which provision was not observed by the said parties owing to delays in the ratification rendering such exchange impracticable within the time stipulated; and whereas it appears that the duly constituted authorities of the Republic of Peru did, on the 21st of October, 1845, by law, approve in all respects the said convention, with the condition, however, that the first annual instalment of thirty thousand dollars on account of the principal of the debt recognised thereby, and to which the second article relates, should begin from the 1st of January, 1846, and the interest on this annual sum, according to Article III, should be calculated and paid from the 1st of January, 1842; and whereas the said convention and the aforesaid modification thereof have been duly ratified, and the respective ratifications of the same were exchanged in the city of Lima on the 31st day of October last, by Albert G. Jewett, on the part of the United States, and Manuel del Rio, on the part of the Republic of Pern: Now, therefore, be it known," &c

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