insisted on by the Noble Lord as being the elements which go to compose substantial honor, and though virtue is the more essential element of the two; knowledge, it will be readily confessed, can be gained only by labor, incessant labor, hard study-not only on the ten-hour system, like a common laborer, but on a day- and-nightsystem, and 'much study is a weariness of the flesh!"

And though it may not be so readily acknowledged that virtue is a legitimate result of labor, yet ponder for a moment on this point, and see how essential labor is in the acquisition of virtue. Think how hard it is to find virtue, that you must search for it as for hid treasures. Think how hard it is to resist the ten thousand temptations by which you are daily assailed; of the legions of evil spirits within and without, of the wicked thoughts and emotions that come unbidden from the secret abode of the Fallen Angel to allure the soul to ruin. "They are fond of listening, keenly alive to mischief; they obey with pleasure, as they delight in deluding; they feign to be sent from Heaven, and they lisp like Angels when they lie!' Think of the mental and moral labor of dissecting and analysing the spirits that incite to action in life. Think of the pains and tact required to distinguish the evil from the good, to enlist and rally the good in your own cause, and prosecute a war of extermination against the evil host; think that in order to preserve the precious treasures of virtue in the citadel of the soul it is necessary to keep watch there against new recruits of adversaries, and to carry on this internal warfare all your life long. Think that leagued with these internal adversaries of your virtue, an innumerable body is surrounding you without on every side, one band inviting you to drink of the Circean cup, another alluring with siren smiles to taste of forbidden fruit, another enticing you into the bewildering labyrinths of general dissipation, another trying to delude you with the air of friendship to embrace schemes and measures transiently popular, speedily infamous; and a countless number of others actuated by the concealed motives of envy, hatred and the long train of vicious passions, devising ways and means, to deceive and mislead you; to say nothing of the equal attempts of all these parties to place you continually in false positions by villifying and misrepresenting the virtuous motives which actuate. you. Think of all these difficulties liable to be encountered in the career of virtue, and does it not require the head and the heart of a hero to brave and to master them? And what was the opinion of

the ancient Greeks on this point? They were impressed with so strong a sense of the arduous labor required to accumulate and maintain virtue, that they have immortalized the task by giving it to Hercules, their strongest demi-god!

Virtue, therefore, springs from labor, Knowledge springs from labor, Honor and Wealth both spring from labor.

But take another glance at this subject before you relinquish its contemplation, and see if you do not more than love and admire, if you do not even revere labor.

The heavens and the earth, and all the hosts of them, sprang from labor. They were the result of the six days work of the Almighty. And on the seventh day God ended his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made.'

To the first man He declared His law of labor as essential to physical existence. And this law still remains in full force and virtue, applying to all the human family.

After many ages, in accordance with a higher law, yet in perfect harmony with the first,-in accordance with the law of the soul, yet in perfect harmony with the law of the body, He declared further to man, touching the soul: 'Work out your own salvation,' giving him at the same time not only an example, but material information on which to rely, and assuring him of His help.

From that time a new field of labor has been opened for mana field in the midst of which, as in a new Eden, the tree of life is planted. And as the character of the tree, cultivated in the material world, is known by its fruit, so the fruit of the Christian life, will prove the character of that life. The improvement of the fruit of the trees in this field is now engrossing the attention and labors of the civilized world. And though a few despise the labor, yet the hardest and best workmen are respected in our halls of Legislation, as also in the hearts of the people, and would be still more highly and universally honored and revered, could we become conscious of the blessings which the nations of the earth are deriving by the fruits of civil and religious liberties.

And here it may be well to throw some light on this general expression: Fruits of Civil and Religious Liberty, because the meaning and spirit of general terms do not work on and in the minds and the hearts of the people like single illustrations.

Yet too much space would be required to illustrate the term as

completely as desirable even here; and at the same time to show that these fruits were the results of labor-hard work-and not only activity in the day, but also vigilance in the night, for this also is true, that

'Eternal vigilance is the price of Liberty.'

To explain this term fully it would be necessary to describe the famine of Civil and Religious Liberty; to describe a country where the body and the soul of all the inhabitants were subject to the autocratic despotism of one person, where all the private property of every subject is liable to be thrust out of his possession and enjoyment, without the least consideration or a single reason, where he is liable to be hung, shot or beheaded without trial by jury: where if he be allowed to live, his mind is 'cabined, cribbed, confined,' his heart crushed, his soul bowed and bound to the dust, so that he cannot utter the thoughts and feelings with which the God of Nature has inspired him. And then the working spirit must be discovered and described, a Cromwell or a Kossuth whose superhuman labors and energies are taxed to relieve the land perishing with a hunger and thirst after liberty.

But glance at a few of these golden, these precious fruits of civil and religious liberty, as we find them preserved in the treasury of our 'Declaration of Rights.'

Sovereign power is in the people. The people have sole right to alter or abolish the Constitution. Right of protection, and bearing arms in defence of self and State. Rights of conscience, and religious opinions. Freedom and equality of elections. Administration of justice. Just compensation for private property applied to public use. Inviolate right of trial by jury. Bail and Habeas Corpus. Freedom of speech and of the press. Taxation in proportion to value of property. Subordination of military to civil power.

These are some of the fruits of civil and religious liberty; and these fruits are the produce of labor-labor in the field of battlelabor in the field of letters; labor of the body, labor of the soul; for the times when these fruits were gained were

'Times that tried men's souls.'

The Fathers of

The Pilgrim Fathers labored for these fruits. American Independence labored for these fruits. The Presidents of our Union labored for these fruits. Washington labored to acquire them, and Fillmore is now laboring with cautious magnanimity, aggrandizing our supply, and diffusing our superabundance.

Ours is a laboring nation, heaving and evolving golden principles and treasures from beneath, aspiring and attracting lightnings and mercies from above. The farmer and mechanic are free and equal with the highest ruler of the land. The ruler is their agent, with special power of attorney to attend to certain business for them, to be reappointed or recalled, when the period of his service expires, according to the will of the sovereign workmen. The geologist is a workman, the chemist is a workman, the farmer and the statesman, the divine and the mechanic, the natural, mental and moral philosophers, merchants, and manufacturers are all workmen; and he who works hardest and best, gains the largest wealth and the highest honor.

'He who makes two blades of grass grow where only one grew before is a benefactor of his country.' He who invents machinery, by which one may outwork a thousand, accumulates its blessings a thousand fold. By his material, political and intellectual labors, Franklin, the working citizen, made his life sublime as that of Milton.

'Lives of great men all remind us,
We can make our lives sublime;
And, departing, leave behind us
Footprints on the sands of time.

Footprints, that perhaps another,
Sailing o'er life's solemn main,
A forlorn and shipwrecked brother,
Seeing, shall take heart again.

Let us, then, be up and doing,
With a heart for any fate;

Still achieving, still pursuing,

Learn to labor, and to wait.'

"Tis indecision brings its own delays,
And days are lost lamenting over days.

Are you in earnest? Seize the present minute,
What you can do, or dream you can, begin it,
Boldness has genius, power and magic in it.
Only commence, and then the mind grows heated,
Begin it, and the work will be completed.'

LEGAL WIT.

An Irish counsel being questioned by a judge to know "for whom he was concerned," replied, "I am concerned, my lord, for the plaintiff, but 1 am employed by the defendant."

ATALA.

From the French of M. Viscount de Chateaubriand.

IN CONTINUATION.

RECITAL.

'We listened to the rage of the tempest; suddenly I felt a tear of Atala fall on my bosom: 'Storm of the heart' I cried out, 'is it 'a drop of your rain?' Then embracing closely her whom I loved : 'Atala,' said I to her, 'you conceal something from me. Open thy 'heart to me, O my Beauty! It makes us feel so much better, when 'a friend looks in our soul! Tell me that other secret of thy grief, 'which thou art so obstinate in concealing. Ah! I see it, thou art 'weeping for thy country.' She instantly replied: "Child of men, 'how can I weep for my country, since my father was not of the 'Land of Palms?'-'What!' rejoined I, struck with astonishment, 'your father was not of the Land of Palms! Whence then have you 'derived your blood? Answer!' Atala spoke these words:

'Before my mother had brought in marriage to the warrior Si'maghan, thirty horses, twenty buffaloes, a hundred measures of "the oil of mast, fifty skins of beavers, and many other treasures, 'she had known a man of the pale face. Or, the mother of my mother, rejected him, with tears in his eyes, and forced her to marry the 'magnanimous Simaghan, who was like a king, and honored by the 'people as a Genius. But my mother said to her new husband: 'my womb has conceived, kill me. Simaghan answered her: The "Great Spirit save me from such an evil deed! I will not harm you. 'I will not cut either your nose nor your ears, because you have 'been sincere, and you have not been false to my couch. The 'fruit of your body shall be my fruit, and I will not visit you until 'after the departure of the bird of the rice field, when the thirteenth 'moon is shining. During this time, I burst the womb of my moth'er, and I began to grow, proud as a Spaniard and as a Savage. "My mother made me a Christian, so that her God and the God of 'my father was also my God. Then the melancholy of love came ‘and sought her, and she went down into the little cave adorned with 'skins, whence no one returns!'

'Such was the history of Atala.

And who then was thy father, poor orphan?' said I to her; 'how did men call him on the earth, and what name did he bear among the Genii?'

'I have never

washed the feet of my father,' said Atala, 'I know only that he