When I was ftampt. Some coyner with his tools dr
Made me a counterfeit; yet my mother feem'd
The Dian of that time, fo doth my wife
The Non-pareil of this

Oh vengeance, vengeance!

Me of my lawful pleafure the reftrain'd,
And pray'd me, oft, forbearance; did it with
A pudency fo rofie, the fweet view on'ted we
Might well have warm'd old Saturn

that I thought herd to get in 2014 As chafte, as unfunn'd fnow. Oh, all the Devils! W This yellow lachimo in an hour was't not?10 Or lefs: at firft? perchance, he spoke not, but Like a full acorn'd Boar, a German one, (22) of Cry'd, oh! and mounted; found no oppofition But what he look'd for fhould oppofe, and the Should from encounter guard. Could I find out a The woman's part in me for there's no motion That tends to vice in man, but, I affirm, It is the woman's part; be't lying, note it, The woman's; flattering, hers; deceiving, hers; 2 Luft, and rank thoughts, hers, hers; revenges, hers; Ambitions, covetings, change of prides, difdain, A Nice longings, flanders, mutability: I

All faults that may be nam'd, nay, that hell knows, A Why, hers, in part, or all, but rather all.

to vice

They are not

For even

i

I

are not conftant, but are changing still; One vice, but of a minute old, for one Not half fo old as that. I'll write against them, Deteft them, curfe them greater skill, In a true hate, to pray, they have their Willon dT The very Devils cannot plague them better.

- yet 'tis

་ 1

(22) Like a full-acorn'd Boar, a churning on,] This is Mr. Pope's Reading, without any Authority. A jermen one, in the firft Editions; (fays He,) fince alter'd to a German one. And why not, pray? Is not Weftphalia a Part of Germany? And where are Boars more delicately fed, or more likely to be rank and hot after the Female, than German ones?

VOL. VI.

C c

ACT

A C T III.

SCENE, Cymbeline's Palace.

Enter, in State, Cymbeline, Queen, Cloten, and Lords at one door; and at another, Caius Lucius and attendants.

CYMBELINE.

OW fay, what would Auguftus Cæfar with

NOW

us?

Luc. When Julius Cæfar,
Julius Cæfar, (whofe remem-

brance yet

Lives in mens eyes, and will to ears and tongues
Be theme, and hearing ever) was in this Britain,
And conquer'd it, Caffibelan, thine uncle, (23)

(Famous

(23)

Caflibelan, thine Uncle,

for Him,

And his Succeffion, granted Rome a Tribute

Yearly three thousand Pounds; which by Thee lately

Is left untender'd.]

The Poet muft mean, thy great Uncle, or Uncle once remov'd: For Cymbeline was the Son of Tenantius, who was the Son of Lud: and Lud and Caffibelan were Brothers. But, I have hinted in the first Note to this Play, that our Author frequently has made bold with his Hiftory. The Paffage before us furnishes more than one Inftance. It was in the 20th Year of Tenantius's Reign, that Auguftus Cæfar had a Defign, for the Second Time, of invading us; and Ambaffadors came to him at Ariminum from Britaine to follicit a Peace. So that it was Tenantius more probably, who had withheld the Payment of the Tribute granted by Caffibelan. Cymbeline, on the other hand, 'tis faid, was fent over in his Youth to Rome, received his Education there, was carefs'd by Auguftus, and call'd the Friend of the Roman People. Befides, that Cymbeline acquiefc'd to this Tribute, (as we have no Vouchers to the contrary in Hiftory;) may be gather'd from the old Coin with his Head on one fide, and CUNOBELIN infcrib'd round it; and TASCHIA, on the Reverie, i. e. an Impoft, or Tribute. For Tafcu in the old Iritish means, to lay any Burthen. So Teska among the Sarmatians

and

(Famous in Cafar's praises, no whit less
Than in his feats deserving it) for him,
And his fucceffion, granted Rome a Tribute,
Yearly three thousand pounds; which by thee lately

Is left untender'd.

Queen. And, to kill the marvail,

Shall be fo ever.

Clot. There be many Cæfars,

Ere fuch another Julius: Britain is (24)
A world by't felf; and we will nothing pay
For wearing our own noses.

Queen. That opportunity,

Which then they had to take from's, to resume
We have again. Remember, Sir, my liege,
The Kings your ancestors: together with
The nat'ral Brav'ry of your Ifle; which stands,

and old Celts fignified an Impofition or Grievance; and from the old Tafcia we derive our Words used at this day, Tax and Task.

But I fhall have occafion in the fequel of this Scene to inquire into the precife Time, when our Poet fupposes this War

on Britaine: and

from thence we fhall eafily glean his Trefpafs on Chronology.

(24)

Britaine is

A World by't felf.] In like manner, almost, has Virgil spoken of our Britaine; Et penitus toto divifos orbe Britannos. Ed. I. And Lucius Florus. I observe, where he is mentioning what Conquefts are referv'd for Julius Cæfar, feems purpofely to have copied this Defcription of the above quoted Poet; Et quamvis toto orbe divifa, qui vinceret, habuit Britannia Lib. 3, cap. 10. Claudian likewise speaks of us as divided from the Roman World;

Germanaque Tethys

Paruit & noftro diducta Britannia mundo. In Paneg. Theod. And Horace calls us a People fituated in the Extremity of the Crea

tion:

Serves iturum Cæfarem in ultimos
Orbis Britannos.

Lib. I. Ode 35.

And Servius, upon the Paffage in Virgil, has remark'd, that Britaine was call'd by the Poets alter Orbis terrarum. But our Poet, perhaps, might have none of thefe Claffical Paffages in View, but be alluding to what is recorded of Caffibelan in the Chronicles. When Comius of Arras came to him with a Meffage from Julius Cæfar, in which Homage, and Subjection, and a Tribute, were demanded, Caffibelan reply d; "That the Ambition of the Romans was infatiable, who would not fuffer Britaine, a new World, placed by Nature in the Ocean, and beyond the Bounds of their Empire, to lie unmolefied

દ

As

As Neptune's Park, ribbed and paled in

With oaks unskaleable, and roaring waters;

With Sands, that will not bear your enemies boats,
But fuck them up to th' top-maft. A kind of Con-
quest

Cæfar made here, but made not here his brag
Of, came, and faw, and overcame. With fhame,
(The first, that ever touch'd him) he was carried
From off our coaft, 'twice beaten; and his fhipping,
(Poor ignorant baubles,) on our terrible feas,
Like egg-fhells mov'd upon their furges, crack'd
As cafily 'gainst our rocks. For joy whereof,
The fam'd Caffibelan, who was once at point (25)
(Oh, giglet fortune!) to mafter Cafar's fword,
Made Lud's town with rejoicing fires bright,
And Britains ftrut with courage.

Clot. Come, there's no more Tribute to be paid. Our Kingdom is ftronger than it was at that time; and, as I faid, there is no more fuch Cafars; other of them may have crook'd nofes, but to own such ftrait arms, none.

Cym. Son, let your mother end.

Clot. We have yet many among us can gripe as hard as Caffibelan; I do not fay, I am one; but I have a hand. Why, Tribute? Why fhould we pay Tribute? if Cæfar can hide the Sun from us with a blanket, or put the Moon in his pocket, we will pay him Tribute for light; elfe, Sir, no more Tribute, pray you

now.

Cym. You must know,

(25) The fam'd Caffibelan, who was once at point

(Oh, giglet Fortune!) to mafter Cæfar's Sword,]

The Poet is here alluding to a private Matter of Fact, tho' he takes the Liberty to put a Change on the Parties concern'd in it. The British Hiftory (as Holingfhead lets us know,) has recorded, that Nenius, the Brother of Caffibelan, in one Engagement fought hand to hand against Cafar; who driving a furious Blow at him, fix'd the Blade of his Sword in Nenius's Shield: by which, Cæfar was in very eminent Danger: but he happily difengag'd his Weapon, and acquitted himself fo manfully, that Nenius dy'd within 15 days of the Wounds receiv'd in that Encounter.

'Till

'Till the injurious Romans did extort

This tribute from us, We were free. Cæfar's ambition,
Which fwell'd fo much, that it did almoft ftretch
The fides o'th' world, against all colour, here
Did put the yoke upon's, which to shake off,
Becomes a warlike people (which we reckon
Our selves to be) to do. Say then to Cæfar,
Our ancestor was that Mulmutius, who (26)
Ordain'd our Laws, whose use the fword of Cæfar
Hath too much mangled; whofe repair and franchise
Shall, by the power we hold, be our good deed,
Though Rome be therefore angry: That Mulmutius,
Who was the firft of Britain, which did put
His brows within a golden Crown, and call'd
Himself a King.

Luc. I'm forry, Cymbeline,

That I am to pronounce Auguftus Cæfar

(Cefar, that hath more Kings his fervants, than
Thy felf domeftick Officers) thine enemy.
Receive it from me then. War and Confufion
In Cefar's name pronounce I 'gainst thee: look
For fury, not to be refifted. Thus defy'd,

I thank thee for my self.

Cym. Thou'rt welcome, Caius ;

(26) Our Ancestor was that Mulmutius, who Ordain'd our Laws, &c.]

Mulmutius Dunwallo, (or Dunvallo Molmutius, as he is otherwise call'd) obtain'd the Dominion of Britaine about 436 Years before the Birth of Chrift, and 414 before the Beginning of Cymbeline's Reign. He is faid to have held his Government 40 Years and built the Temple of Peace, where he was afterwards buried, in London, (then Troynovant) fo often quoted by British Chronologers. He compiled a Set of wholesome Laws, that took their general Name from him; which were faid to have been turn'd out of the British Speech into Latine by Gildas; (who was born, A. D. 493.) and, long after, out of Latine into the Saxon Idiom by King Alfred. He made him elf of fuch Reverence and Authority, that, by the Confent of the Grandees of the Land, he obtain'd a Crown of Gold; and caus'd himself with great Solemnity to be crown'd, according to the Cuftom of the Pagan Laws then in ufe. And because he was the Firft, who wore a regal Crown here, he is by fome Writers nam'd the First King of Britaine: All before him being ftyled only Rulers, Dukes, or Governors, faith HOLINGS HEAD.

Cc 3

Thy