The third volume of the International Clinics contains about forty practical and useful clinical lectures by some of the leading teachers of different parts of the world. One of particular interest is that from the pen of Professor W. J. Gairdner, of Glasgow, upon the subject of "Acute intestinal obstruction, especially in connection with the possibilities of spontaneous recovery after the occurrence of stercoraceous vomiting." Another contribution of value is by Dr. Percy Kidd, of London, upon the examination of the sputum for tubercle bacilli, and its bearing on diagnosis and treatment. In fact, we could mention each one of the lectures separately and find much of interest and value to present, but space will not permit. The illustrations which are given in connection with most of the articles are well placed and add much to the value of same.

The volume will be of much service to all practitioners of medicine, and is of great advantage to them in treating the various diseases met with on account of the many practical lectures it contains.

M. D. S.--To shake well before using. To give from one to two teaspoonfuls from three to six times a day.

Each teaspoonful of the mixture contains about one-half grain of the salicyclate, which represents a normal individual dose (repeated three or four times daily) for an infant aged from six to eight months. The bottle should be kept in ice or cold water (to prevent nausea, sometimes produced by the salicylate). In emaciated children the remedy, in largest doses, is apt to produce perspiration, accompanied by general weakness. Hence, as soon as the sweating appears the dose should be correspondingly diminished. In recent cases (of a few days' standing) the salicylate is useless.-St. Louis Med. and Surg. Journal.

The Papyrus Club.

This organization is anxious to secure the names, address and titles of works of all literary workers living in Chicago. When the necessary information is procured a list will be prepared and published. Anything that can be added toward making the list complete and comprehensive should be forwarded to the Literary Information Committee, Papyrus Club, Chicago.

Announcement.

THE Dios Chemical Co., 914 Locust street, St. Louis, publishes a handsome lithograph, Cerebral Localization, according to Horsley, Beever and Schafer, which they will mail to physicians free on application.

RAPIDITY OF NERVE ACTION.-A writer in the N. Y. Medical Journal on death by electricity describes the following experiment undertaken by Professor Muybridge to show the relative slowness of nerve action as compared with electricity: Two women were employed; one stood in a bath tub and the other sat on a raised chair and poured a bucket of water over the standing woman's head and shoulders. In order to make the shock more intense Professor Muybridge had filled the bucket with icewater, unknown to the victim, who would not have awaited the douche so patiently had she known what its temperature was going to be. One view showed the water tipped over and falling, yet not quite touching the girl's head. The next view showed the water splashing from her head and shoulders, and yet there were no signs of sensation. In the third picture she was just beginning to respond to the shock, and the subsequent pictures illustrated the further phases of the response. The point of special interest, however, is in connection with the second view. The electric current had in that case first exposed the plate, and then after a very short interval had shut it off again; that is to say, had acted twice with an interval of time between the two sufficiently long. for the sensitive plate to take an impression of the view, and this after the ice-water had touched the woman's shoulders, and before she was conscious of

it.-N. W. Lancet.

BLACKENING OF THE TEETH BY ANTIPYRINE.—It is asserted that the internal use of antipyrine blackens the teeth; this peculiarity should be generally known by the profession, and also among the laity, that objections may be made on this ground to taking it as a remedy. The blackening is the more intense, the more imperfect the enamel, but may be removed by attrition with dilute acid. The considerable use of antipyrine for several years back, gives importance to this latter observation.-Southern Dental Journal.

PRIZE ESSAY CONTEST.-The profession owes Dr. George M. Gould a debt of gratitude for his article on "The Etiology, Diagnosis and Treatment of the Prevalent Epidemic of Quackery" which appeared in the Medical News, May 7. Not content with his good works he offers a prize of one hundred (100) dollars for the best essay that, "historically and accurately, will show up the ridiculous pretensions of modern homœopthic practice." The essays should not contain over 15,000 words and in simplicity and directness should be adapted to the commonest lay understanding. They should be sent in on or before January 1, 1893, typewritten but without the name of the author, but accompanied by a sealed letter, giving the author's name, with motto or nom-de-plume. The essays will be given to a competent committee, and when their decision is reached the sealed letters will be opened and the prize sent to the winner. The essay will then be cheaply but well printed in large. quantities and supplied to physicians at the cost of printing.

FACIAL PARALYSIS.-Dr. Lusanna (Rivista Veneta for October, 1890) makes quite an extended study of the course and disease of the seventh pair of cranial nerves. He divides it automatically into five portions : 1. Cerebral.

2.

3.

Bulbar.

Intracranial; the trunk of the nerve from its root to its entrance into the internal auditory meatus. 4. Intercranial; its traverse through the cranium. 5. Extracranial, from the stylomastoid foramen to its different terminal filaments.

These divisions are of much importance, not only from a diagnostic point of view, but also in rendering a prognosis. Lesions occurring in the second portion are often fatal; those in the first, second and fourth are serious, while those in the fifth are light. The differential symptoms indicating the seat of the disease in its course are:

1st Portion.

nomena.

Cerebral, conservation of reflex phe

2d Portion.--Bulbar, paralysis of the extremities. 3d Portion-Intracranial, injury to the neighboring nerves.

4th Portion. Intercranial, gustation of the anterior part of the tongue abolished. Hyperæsthesia of audition.

5th Portion.-Extracranial, paralysis of the facial muscles not of the palate.-Doctors' Weekly.

TREATMENT OF Dysentery.-Drs. Lardier and Pernet (Semaine médicale) recommend the following treatment of dysentery-one which they have employed with the greatest success in the recent epidemic at Rambervillers, Vosges.

It is based on intestinal antisepsis, either by means of salol or, better still, iodoform. The former is prescribed in the following formula:

Salol, gr. xlv [3.0 grammes].

Tolu tincture, fl. 3 iiss [10.0 grammes].
Quince syrup, fl. 3 vi [30.0 grammes].
Opium extract, gr. iss [0.1 gramme].
Mucilage acacia, 3 iv [150.0 grammes].
Tablespoonful hourly.

This medication is reported to act in a very favorable manner on the morbid process. However, the medicament which was found to have truly remarkable effects in dysentery is iodoform, in the daily dose. of 30-40 centigrammes [41⁄2-6 grains]. The following formula is given.

Iodoform, gr. xv [1.0 gramme].

Powdered opium, gr. ix [0.6 gramme].

For 20 wafers-5 or 6 during the day, at equal intervals. These wafers soon produced marked relief in the authors' cases.

The incessant and extremely violent tenesmal pains were calmed by boric acid enemas; but the best means of combating them was found to be the use of suppositories of the following composition:

Cocaine hydrochlorate, gr. vi [0.4 gramme].
Powdered opium, gr. ix [0.6 gramme].
Cocao butter, 3 ii [8.0 grammes].

Divide into 4 suppositories, 1 morning and evening.

Under the influence of the cocaine, the griping disappeared as if by charm, the diarrhoea ceased, and the patients obtained a refreshing sleep of several hours' duration,

Beside the use of the medicaments mentioned, it is advised not to neglect washing out the intestines several times daily with some antiseptic fluid-such as a concentrated solution of boric acid, or a 1:5000 solution of corrosive sublimate.-Medical Age.

He

PROF. BROWN-SEQUARD'S LIFE ELIXIR.-M. BrownSequard made a lengthy communication at the meeting of the Académie des Sciences on his life elixir, which, as is well known, is composed of a sterilized solution of the contents of the testicles of guinea-pigs, given in subcutaneous injections. He defended very warmly his treatment, and cited cases in which unusual vigor was imparted to the old and feeble. went so far as to describe the benefit (in detail) he personally received, and the sensations he experienced. He also read a description of some cases forwarded to him by his confreres, who had tried the elixir on patients suffering from paralysis, anæmia, nervous prostration, etc., with good effect. M. Brown-Sequard was listened to with respectful attention, but whether the attitude of his colleagues was provoked by simply a sentiment of respect due to the venerable physiologist, or by the importance of the communication, it is not for me to say precisely, but I would incline to the former interpretation.—Med. Press.

DUODECIMAL DOSAGE FOR POISONOUS DRUGS (Frouette). It being difficult at present for the physician to prescribe limited therapeutic doses of poisonous drugs, on account of the periods between the doses being brief and dangerous, the method of Frouette is recommended as avoiding these dangers.

It consists in a fractional division of the maximum dose which can be given to an adult in twenty-four hours. Whatever may be the toxic effect of a drug, the maximum dose will be exactly divided into twelve parts, either in the form of pills, cachets, granules, or capsules, and the physician has only to remember that twelve doses constitute the maximum amount to be given.-L'Union Med. de Canada, Times and Register.

ARISTOL IN CARCINOMATA OF THE CERVIX UTERI. Dr. Eugenio Areoles (Riforma Medica, No. 231) recommends the use of aristol in carcinomata of the uterus. Although this remedy is incapable of curing the cancer, it may exert a very valuable symptomatic effect, as is shown by the cases reported. One case ---a woman with carcinoma of the cervix, who had been under observation for a number of years--had been treated by a number of physicians with various measures, but without success. The author tried insufflations of aristol upon the growth, under guidance of a speculum. From the first day of treatment the patient experienced relief, and for the first time. she was again able to sleep through the night. After a few days the hæmorrhage ceased completely, the ichorous discharge subsided, and the digestive disturbance disappeared. Aristol acts as a protective covering for the ulceration and stimulates cicatrization, and, owing to the fact that it is not absorbed, all danger of poisoning is excluded.-Medical Age.

STRYCHNINE IN THE PNEUMONIC CRISIS.--I had been attending, for ten days, a little girl, aged two years and eight months, who had pneumonia in the whole of the left lung, and some bronchitis about the

upper part of the right. The temperature ranged between 102° and 103.5° F., and the whole aspect of the child pointed to a rapidly fatal termination. At my evening visit on the tenth day of the disease the temperature was 101.8°; there had been a little diarrhoea and sweating, and the child had taken its egg flip badly during the day. I left, expecting to be called out that night, and I was at 1:30 A. M. I found the child cyanotic, cold, pulseless, and drawing every now and then a shallow breath. I opened the doors, quickly filled my springe with liq. strych., and injected 11⁄2 min., with the result that the breathing became deeper and more frequent, the pulse returned, and the cyanosis became less. I rolled the limbs and head up in cotton wool, and applied hot water bottles, and asked for some brandy and milk. A fresh bottle having to be opened there was some delay, and I bent over the cot to listen for the breathing; it had quite ceased, though the pulse was beating. I immediately injected 2 minims more of strychnine; the child drew a deep breath, opened its mouth wide, showing a livid tongue, and remained for some two or three seconds in this position; then the mouth closed, and she breathed regularly and deeply, and took some brandy (3 ij.) and milk (3 iv).

The next day her temperature was normal; she had 4 minims of liq. strych. t.d.s. in place of an ammonia and bark mixture, and alternately with mixture containing perchloride of iron. That night I left 12 minims with the mother, diluted with three teaspoonfuls of water, with directions to give one or two teaspoonfuls if the child became livid. At 11 P. M., the child looking blue about the eyelids and sides of the nose, the mother gave one teaspoonful and opened the doors; the lividity passed off, and now, a week later, the child's temperature has been daily normal. both lungs are practically clear, and it is sitting playing with its toys, but exceedingly feverish.--Lancet.

ILLUMINATION OF THE STOMACH.-Renvers (Münch Med. Woch. April 12, 1892) recently demonstrated to the Berlin Medical Society an apparatus which consists of a small Edison's lamp fixed to the end of a bougie and covered by a small glass case filled with water. The electric current is obtained from a battery of twenty cells. If the stomach is full of food, illumination is impossible; but if it is quite full of water when the lamp is passed into the stomach, an illuminated area is seen which corresponds exactly to the limits of the organ. The apparatus can only be used in the erect posture, when the greater curvature is usually seen a little below the level of the umbilicus. Abnormal dilatation of the stomach can be readily detected, and a case of carcinoma of the organ has been diagnosed by the use of this apparatus, the diagnosis being confirmed by post-mortem examination. The tumor appeared as a dark spot in the light field.

after the injury, it is frequently impossible to make a diagnosis immediately after the occurrence.

3. The physical signs of heart are an enlargement of the area of cardiac dullness, the presence of splashing noises coincident with the heart sounds, weakness and arythmia of the pulse.

4. If obvious signs of cardiac compression exist surgical intervention is indicated. The hæmorrhage should be arrested and the blood evacuated from the pericardium.-Doctors' Weekly.

His wife

PRIMARY NASAL SYPHILIS.-At the British Laryngological and Rhinological Association meeting, held Friday, March 25th, Dr. W. Milligan read the following case: Patient, a married man, æt. 32, experienced pain and discomfort in the right nostril four weeks after exposure to possible syphilitic infection. Toward the latter part of 1884, he had what was diagnosed to be a poisoned wound at the root of the nail of the right index finger. This subsequently proved to be a syphilitic chancre, and was followed by the usual glandular enlargement and cutaneous manifestations, for which he underwent treatment. became syphilized and consulted the same surgeon, being treated by him during the greater part of 1885. The first child was born in July, 1886, the second in January, 1888, and the third in February, 1890. These children appeared to enjoy good health. In consequence of subsequent "reminders," he unerwent another course of treatment in 1889, since which time he had remained in fairly good health till the present affection. On examination an oval indurated sore was seen just within the margin of the right ala on its septal aspect which had all the apearances of true Hunterian chancre. No enlarged glands, however, were detected. In spite of local and general treatment, a characteristic roseolar eruption made its appearance at the seventh week. The chancre healed under treatment in about three weeks, and at the present time the condition of the patient was fairly satisfactory. He brought this case forward as a wellmarked instance of reinfection after seven years.Medical Press and Circular.

ON EXTRA-GENITAL CHANCRES.-By Dr. E. von During, Professor of Dermatology and Syphilis at the Imperial College of Medicine, Constantinople (Monatshft. f. Pract. Derm.)

The article is well worth reading by those who are interested on this subject. As may be fancied the list is a very large one. He gives notes of forty-two cases, collected in eighteen months, in order they stand, viz.:

One case on the right nipple of nursing woman.
Seven cases on the lips and cheeks.

Three cases on tonsils.

Thirty-one cases in and around neighborhood of

anus.

His remarks on the above cases, he being a close and accurate observer, are as has been said, worthy of note.-Doctor's Weekly.

A SYPHILITIC WOMAN: CAN SHE HAVE GIVEN GENERAL PARALYSIS TO THREE STUDENTS ?- M. MorelLavalée reported a case of a syphilitic woman who contaminated five students; three have since died from general paralysis. He asked, apropos to this, if the quality of the germ had not an importance in the evolution of syphilis. The case was discussed by

SYMPATHETIC MORNING SICKNESS IN THE MALE.The writer was called to see a man suddenly taken ill, and found him pale and hardly able to speak. Stimulants of any kind were emphatically declined. Inquiry revealed the fact that ever since his supper the evening before, nausea and vomiting were marked; that for the preceding week or ten days he had been irregular at meals, with no appetite and poor health. The different medicants ordered were of little or no

benefit. About this time the wife spoke to me regard ing a symptom in her own case that had been present in two previous pregnancies--that of drowsiness. She could go to sleep at any time of the day, and at any place. With that exception, she was never in better health than when pregnant. She had, as a rule, nursed her children until fourteen and eighteen

(At

months old. Had never seen a menstrual flow but first and second month after marriage, consequently there was no data to go in upon that particular. the present time motion is present, and confinement is expected in May.) What in my hands has proved efficacious in relieving nausea in ladies when frequent was now ordered for the husband, i. e., pop-corn. It gave him relief at once, and for days and weeks he lived on norhing else. He is now in the far West on a trip, enjoying good health. I learn that during the previous pregnancies the gentleman was similarly affected, and from an elderly member of the family I am informed that the father was also quite sick when his wife was carrying my patient during the early months of her pregnancy, going to show there is something in the law of heredity.--Cincinnati Lan. Clinic.

THE LEGAL LIABILITY OF HOSPITALS.--On the 16th of May, the Court of Common Pleas of New York added another decision to the interesting question of the legal liability of hospitals. The question, in brief, is: Is a hospital corporation legally responsible for injury to a patient? In one case the suit was brought against the Manhattan Eye and Ear Hospital. The plaintiff's eye was operated upon at this institution, and he showed that the after-treatment was not of a proper character. As a result there was entire loss of sight from the eye. The first trial resulted in favor of the plaintiff; but the general term of the Supreme Court reversed this decision, holding that no cause of action had been made out. The position of the court was this: Inasmuch as the corporation had exercised all proper care in the selection and appointment of the physicians of the institution, it, being a public charity, was not liable. To recover against the hospital it must be proved that there was an omission to exercise due care in the selection of the persons in its employment. In the case just decided, the plaintiff's son was treated for an injury to his thigh, and owing to the alleged negligence of the surgeons of the institution, the society of the New York Hospital, there was not a good recovery. The hospital authorities simply showed that they were a public charity, and that they had used all possible care to select competent physicians and surgeons. Upon this showing alone the court dismissed the complaint.

CONGENITAL ABSENCE OF RADIUS.-I wish (Warfield in Johns Hopkins Hospital Bulletin) to report a case of congenital absence of radius in a boy, aged

inches in height, and otherwise well formed. radii and both thumbs are wanting. The ulnæ are curved inward and are quite short, the right one being six inches long, and the left five and threequarters inches. The humeri are twelve inches long. The hands are bent inward, making almost a right angle with the ulnæ. The pisiform bones are present, but most of the other bones of the wrist appear to be wanting. The biceps muscle seems to be absent. No pulse can be made out at the wrist. Motion at the elbow is good, but at the wrist pronation and supination are wanting. In spite of his deformity, the boy can write, play ball, fight with other boys, and amuse himself as other boys of his age do.-Nashville Journ of Med. and Surg.

POISONING BY SULPHATE OF ATROPIA.

Dinds,

aged eighteen months, was brought to my house at 11:30 A. M., on January 31, his mother stating that the child had drunk from a two-ounce bottle containing a solution of four grains of atropia sulph. and six grains of cocaine, at 10:15 A. M.

The child was unconscious; could not be roused; pupils widely dilated; pulse slow and feeble. The parents live at Mossman's Bay, and the mother stated that on the journey in the child had been convulsed, and had screamed violently at times.

I used the stomach-pump, washing out the stomach with warm water several times. When this was completed the child seemed still more collapsed, and I did not think it would live an hour.

At a quarter past 12 I injected subcutaneously oneseventh of a grain of pilocarpine. At 12:30 the pulse had improved, and the pupils did not appear to be so fully dilated. At 1:45 P. M. the dose of pilocarpine was repeated, and a little whisky and water given.

After this the child began to improve. At 4 P. M. it tried to drink a little milk; did not appear to see distinctly. At 10 P. M. it was very lively and excitable. It slept little during the night, and tried to vomit occasionally; but in the morning, excepting that it was very weak, it appeared to have recovered.

The pilocarpine appears to be a complete antidote to atropia.-W. R. Cortis, in Australasian Medical Gazette.

DEATH FROM CHLOROFORM.--Another unfortunate accident, a death during chloroform narcosis, occurred in this city on the 2d inst. The anesthetic was given for the purpose of reducing a strangulated femoral hernia in a woman about fifty-five years old. Dr. Storer made the taxis and Dr. C. S. Bacon gave the anæsthetic. The hernial protrusion, which was about the size of a goose egg, had been out about thirty hours, and an unsuccessful attempt at taxis without anæsthetics had been continued for three-quarters of an hour. The heart seemed normal on examination. The method of giving the chloroform was by dropping on a cloth held over the face, and not more than one-fouth of an ounce was used. from five to ten minutes the patient was sufficiently narcotized to permit of the reduction of the tumor, the necessary manipulation lasting only one to two minutes. Thereupon the cloth was removed from the face. A moment or two later the patient stopped breathing. The heart continued to beat feebly for twenty or thirty minutes. Artificial respiration was

In

kept up for three-quarters of an hour. At first there was some assistance from the patient, but during the last half hour there was none. The head was kept low and hypodermatic injections of stimulants were given. The family was at first naturally inclined to critize the attending physicians, but they were finally convinced, on consulting with the county physician, Dr. Hektoen, and Professors Miller and Henrotin, that the anaesthetic was necessary and given with all possible care, that the very unfortunate accident was unavoidable and that no blame could attach to either of the physicians.-Chicago Medical Reporter.

BROMOFORM POISONING. -A. B., three months old, breast baby, was brought to the Garrett Dispensary · for Children, May 16, 1892, suffering with plain symptoms of pertussis. He was a fat strong infant. He was given a solution containing in each drachm dose 5 mimims of Merek's bromoform, and 10 mimims of whisky in equal parts of syrup and water, to be taken three times daily, and well shaken before each administration.

The mother did not again visit the dispensary until the poisoning occurred two weeks later, May 31.

She claims to have given the medicine as directed, with no ill effects, except a slight lessening of the appetite, and with a decided diminution of the paroxysms of coughing, until the last dose in the bottle was reached, which was not quite one teaspoonful This was given at 11.30 A. M.

At 12, noon, the child was noticed to be weak in its limbs, and rapidly became limp and unconscious. The infant was brought to the dispensary at 12.30 in the following condition: Unconscious, cannot be roused in the slightest degree by cold sprinkling of face, shaking, etc.; inspiration shallow, not markedly abnormal in number to the minute; pupils contracted almost to pin point; eyeballs not rolled up as much as in natural sleep; no strabismus; muscular relaxation; no twitching or spasmodic contraction; skin cool, color of skin everywhere pale; no cyanosis or flushing of face; liquids put in mouth are swallowed very imperfectly; odor of bromoform in breath. The child has had no stimulant or treatment of any kind before entering the dispensary, or no other medicine than the bromoform solution, according to the mother's statement.

Vigorous treatment was now instituted as follows: A woven " English" catheter was warmed, oiled and introduced into the stomach through the mouth, over the finger on the tongue. About 8.02 of warm water was slowly injected into the stomach by means of a Davidson's syringe; this was done three times in succession. Nothing but clear liquid escaped each time by siphonage, lower bowel.

He was now well washed out by slowly injecting, by means of a fountain syringe, about one quart hot water, allowing it to escape by spontaneous contraction of the intestine alongside of the catheter, which was introduced about four inches. Five drops of aromatic spirits of ammonia were given twice at five minute intervals in two drachms of hot water.

These procedures increased the number or depth of respirations. They seemed to me to be due to the spirits of ammonia.

There was still no signs of consciousness. A handkerchief dipped in cold water was now placed across the forehead, reaching to the temple on either side; another one below the occiput, the child lying on a table,

A small sheet was now dipped in quite hot water, and wrapped entirely around the thorax or upper abdomen. This was repeated twice (thrice in all), at intervals of four minutes.

This powerful stimulant to the thoracic or upper abdominal viscera or spinal cord, had an almost immediate effect. At 1:15 P. M. the child swallowed, opened his eyes, coughed, moved arms and legs, cried a little, pupils dilated to normal size, and in a few minutes more he was quite himself again. The child was under treatment in all three-quarters of an hour before regaining consciousness. Said to have been. unconscious one-half hour before this, making one hour and a quarter in all.

It is impossible to say how much bromoform the child took, or whether it was a cumulative effect of the last few doses.

It is quite likely that the solution was not thoroughly shaken immediately before administration. The liability of bromoform to separate in small globules from the containing medium is well known, unless it contains considerable alcohol or glycerine. This is the only untoward effect I have had after using bromoform in a number of cases of infants and children. Platt in Times and Register.

A REMARKABLE CASE. I wish to report to the readers of the Brief what, to me, has been a remarkable and exceptional case.

On the night of March 1, was called to see Mrs. B., in confinement; was very much surprised to find I had my first case of puerperal eclampsia. The woman had been confined about thirty-six hours, and had been having convulsions several hours. I succeeded in controlling the convulsions in about fortyfive minutes with chloral and bromide internally and chloroform by inhalation.

After a careful examination I found it would be necessary to perform craniotomy, in order to deliver the child and give the woman a chance for her life, which was despaired of by the family and friends.

With no instruments at hand but forceps and a pocket knife, I decided to operate with these. I placed my forceps in position and punctured skull (with a pocket-knife) just to the right of sagittal suture (as I afterward found) and some distance in front of posterior fontanelle, in close proximity to fissure of Rolando. I made a circular opening about three-quarters of an inch in diameter, leaving an attachment similar to an opened oyster can. I then used my forceps to compress and reduce head, increasing occipito-mentalis diameter an inch or more. While compressing, about a teaspoonful of brain substance oozed from opening and was lost; one old woman who stood by, as assistant, takes pleasure in telling her friends that at least half a teacupful of brain was lost. I then delivered child, handed it to some of the old women present, and gave my attention to the mother, in whom alone at that time I was interested.

After removing placenta and controlling hæmorrhage, which threatened to be serious, I was attracted to the child by its cries. I found it struggling manfully for its life, and thought I would render it all the assistance I could. I placed the circular flap of the bone in position, placed my left hand under the chin, my right on top of the head, and pressed the elongated head, as near as I could, into its original shape. The skin being in apposition, I only washed it with an an