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AGRA, (y) and LAHOR, (z) Imperial Cities of the

pofe at Samarcand: But his Sons loft all his Conquefts; of him the prefent Moguls are defcended. He and Agefilaus, the 6th King of Sparta, were both lame of one Foot, yet very valiant and fuccessful Generals. He was call'd the Wrath of God, and the Destroyer of the Earth; and Aleric the King of the Goths, who plunder'd Rome, A. D. 410, and conquered the Roman Empire, the Scourge of God; for their Cruelty.

(x) Paquin, Pekin, or Pecheli; Chinefe, i. e. The Northern Court; because it is the North of China, as Nankin, i. e. The Southern Court, for the fame Reafon. The Capital City of the Province of Pekin, and the Metropolis of that vaft Empire, fince the Years 1404, 30 Leagues from the famous Wall, (which is 1200 Miles long, 6 Fathom high, built in 27 Years by 70,050,000 Men, to keep out the Tartars, about A. M. 3728, and 100 before Jefus Chrift) in a fertile Plain, in the Form of a vaft Square; each Side being 12 Chinese Lys or Furlongs in Length, i. e. 3600 Paces, with 12 Gates, ftately Palaces and Temples, wherein are Idols of maffy Gold, as big as the Life. The Streets are very ftrait, and at the longest Izo Feet, but very dirty. It is the largest and most beautiful City on the Face of the Earth. There is a moft

prodigious Bell, weighing 120,000 Pounds; it is 11 Foot Diameter, 12 Foot high.

GREAT

(y) Agra; Indian. The Capital City of the Province of Agra, larger than Debli, (Mog. i. e. A valt Extent) and a great City in India; being 9 Miles, in the Form of an Half Moon, with a mighty and admirable. Caftle. It ftands upon the River Gemn or Gemini, on this Side the Ganges, and is the Metropolis of the Moghol's Empire; but the Houses are low, mean, and made up of Straw, at a good Distance and encompass'd with high Walls, that their Women may not be seen. It lies in 22 Degrees and an half Northern Latitude, 210 Leagues from Surat, 150 from Labor, and 35 from Dehli. Some reckon 25000 Chriftian Families there, befides Heathens; but the Muhammedans are moft in Number. Agra was made the Imperial City by Moghol Akbar, A.D. 1566, who called it Akbarabed, i. e. The Habitation of Akbar. Shah Jebah (Perf. i. e. King John) removed from Agra to Dehli, March 29, A. D. 1647, and called it Shah Jehanabed, i. e. The Habitation of King John. Debli pays 3,125,000l. of yearly Revenues to the Emperor.

(x) Labor, or Lhor; Perf. from the Heb. i. e. Light. The Capital City of the Kingdom or Province of Labor, which contains feveral Kingdoms. It is three Leagues in Length, yields 37 Millions per Ann. to the Moghul, and there the Emperors kept their Court, from A. D. 1155, 'till they removed to A

gra;

GREAT MOGUL; (a) down to the GOLDEN CHERSONESE: (b) Or where the Emperor of PERSIA (c)

gra; fince it is very much diminifh'd. There is a noble

Walk of tall Trees on both Sides of the Road from it to Agra, which is 150 Miles diftant. The Province of Labor is called alfo Pengab, Perf. i. e. The City of five Waters; because it is water'd by five Rivers, viz. Bawy, Bebat, Obcham, Wiki, and Sindar. Many will have this Country to be the Kingdom of King Porus, who fo valiantly oppos'd Alexander the Great; and Labor to be the Bucephalia, which he founded in the Memory of his famous charging Horfe, called Bucephalus, Gr. i. e. The OxHead, who died there not of his Wounds, but of old Age: For he was the next Conqueror after Bacchus, who opened a Communication to the Indies, as far as China, 330 Years before the Incarnation, which facilitated the Propagation of the Gospel to St. Thomas, Bartholomew, · Pantanus, and other zealous Preachers; and Tamerlane was the next, Labor is 360 Miles from Agra to the South, and 180 Miles Eaft of Multan.

(a) Moghul, or Moghol ;Tatar. i. e. White; because they defcended from the Moghol Tatars, or fome white Men, who invaded India under a Captain or King call'd Mogor or Mogel; and erected a Kingdom in Ben gal, &c. about A. D. 1187. In the Tatarian Mung Lang fignifies Melancholy; becaufe Mogul or Mungal the Son of Alanza

fat

Chan, the firft Monarch, was a Man of a melancholy Difpofition: Their Country, which lies in Turceftan Tatary, is called ftill Moghelfian. The prefent Moguls are the Race of the fa. mous Tamerlane, who conquered India, A. D. 1400. Now the Moguls are Emperors of all India, extending from Perfia on the Weft, Tatary on the North, China on the Eaft, and the Indian Ocean on the South; they are the richest Monarchs upon Earth, and their Dominions are of the vafteft Extent, being divided into 35 different Kingdoms. He and fome of his Subjets are Muhammedans ; the reft are Idolaters, except fome Europeans, who trade there.

(b) Cherfonefe, Lat. Gr. i. e. A Peninfula. A Geographical Term; because it is a Piece of Land furrounded with Sea, but at one Place, which unites it to the Continent or Main Land; an Ifthmus. Many Places are fo called, but this is a vaft Tract of Land, comprehending the large Peninfula of Ganges, the moit Southern Part of the Eaft

Indies, between Sumatra and Borneo, call'd by the Ancients the Golden Cherfonefe; because it abounded with Gold: Now the Promontory of Malaca, from Malaca the chief City of it.

(c) Emperor of Perfia, whofe Royal Seat was Ecbatan. Perfia in facred Scripture is call'd Cuth, Heb. i. e. Lurking or bid

fat in ECB ATAN, (d) or fince in ISPAHAN: (e)

den; alfo Elam, and the People Elamites; from Elam the Son of Sem, who firft fettled there with his Pofterity. In the Reign of Cyrus, about A. M. 3419, before Chrift 531, it began firft to be call'd Perfia, Heb. i. e. Horsemen or Troopers; becaufe he taught thofe People the Ufe of War and Horfes. The Perfians and Tatars call it Iris or Iran, from Irige, eldeft Son of Fraydun, 7th King of the first Race of their Monarchs. It is the most antient and renowned Empire in both divine and human History. It is about 1440 Miles in Length, and 1260 in Breadth, in the Middle of Afia; having Tatary and the Cafpian Sea on the North, the River Indus on the Eaft, the Indian Ocean on the South; Euphrates, Tygris, and the Perfian Gulph on the Weft; and confifts of eleven vaft Provinces, bẹfides other Acquifitions. Now the Inhabitants call it Farfitan, and the Empire of the Sophy.

(d) Ecbatan, or Ecbatana; Arab. i. e. Of divers Colours; because the Walls and Towers were built of feven different colour'd Stones, which did caft a glorious Splendor. It is called Achemetha, Efdr. 6. 2. and by the Inhabitants Tebris, Cabin, now Tauris. It was built by Seleucus, according to Pliny; repaired and enlarged by Arphax ad, whom fome call Dejoces. See Judith 1. 1, 2, 3, 4. about A. M. 3400, according to Herodotus. It was the first Capital of

Or

Media, then of Perfia; was the richeft City in the World, and confifted of many stately Palaces, Courts, Sepulchres of their Emperors, and of their whole Treafures. There Daniel the Prophet erected an admirable Pa-` Îace. The Emperors of Perfia had four noble Palaces; they refided at Ecbatana in the Winter, at Sufa in the Summer, at Persepolis in the Autumn, and Babylon in the rest of the Year. The Turks facked it often, but the Perfians have kept Poffeffion of it fince A. D. 1603.

(e) Ifpahan, by fome Hagifan, by the Armenians Spubun and now Iffahan, Perf. i. e. The happy City, or The City of the Whites. The Metropolis of all Perfia, in the Province of Iraca or Erach, the antient Parthia; it is 70 Miles South from Cafbin, 80 North from Ormus. Scach Abbas the Emperor of Perfia, fixed his Royal Seat there, beautified, enlarged, and enriched it; and there his Succeffors have kept their Courts these 200 Years paft. It is thought to be the antient Affadama or Spada, and was called Hecatompolis, Gr. i. e. Having 100 Gates, but now 7. It is one of the greatest Cities upon Earth, walled round with Earthen Walls, which is a fingular Thing in Perfia, about 30 Miles round, in a very fruitful Plain, and washed by the River Zenderu, which is as broad and deep as the River Thames is at London; very rich, of a vaft Trade from all Places, and populous;

Or where the CZAR (f) of RUSSIA fat in Moscow; (g) or the TURKISH SULTAN (b) in By

pulous; they reckon a Million of Souls in it; having 162 Mofques, 48 Colleges, 1802 Inns, 273 Baths, 12 large Burying Places, which are without the City, as they are over all Perfia; and fo they were over all the Earth, 'till about 1000 Years ago; but fome Houles take up 20 Acres of Ground. The Armenians have an Archbifhop and zo Churches in it. It is about 2000 Miles from Conftantinople to the South-Eaft, and 2600 from London. There is alfo the first Madre ha or Academy of all the nine that are in Perfia.

(f) Czar; or Tzar, i. e. King or Sclavon. The Emperor. A Title of the Emperors of Mufcovy or Ruffia. It was firft affumed by Iwan Wafielewitz, when he conquered the City of Cufcan, and was crowned there, A. D. 1552.

(g) Mofcow, or Moskowa; Heb. from the Mofchi or Mofci, an antient People, who defcended from Mèfech, the Son of Japhet, Gen. 10. 2. Exe7. 27. 13. 38. 3. and first inhabited the Country of Colchis. It is the chief City of Muscovy, upon the Banks of the River Mefcow, and gives the Name to that vaft Empire in the North of Europe. This City is old, large, populous, and rich; built of Wood, ill contrived, not paved, and was founded A. D. 1334. The chief Church called Jerufalem, was founded by John

ZANTIUM.

The HouThe

Bafilides I. But he put out the Eyes of the Architect, that he might never contrive nor build fuch another. Tatars burnt 80,000 fes of it, A. D. 1571. Poles 41,000; and destroyed about 200,000 Souls, A.D. 1611. It was again laid in Ashes, A. D. 1699, 1701. It is about 16 Miles in Compass, and contains about 700,000 Inhabitants. It abounds with Merchants out of all Nations, and was made the Royal Seat of the Empire by John Duke of Ruffia about 300 Years ago. It stands in the Middle of the Country, fenc'd with Lakes and three ftrong Walls. It is about 750 Miles from Stockholm to the Eaft, 750 from Warfaw to the North, 1000 Miles from Conftantinople to the NorthEaft, and 1500 Miles diftant from Paris and London. The Empire is vaft and large, in Length about 1699, and about 1100 Miles in Breadth. See B.

X. N. 431. The Mofcovites

were rude and barbarous Heathens, 'till they embrac'd Chriftianity from the Grecians, A. D. 986, Printing, A. D. 1560; and now they are trained up in all polite Literature, Arts and Sciences by Peter the Great: Their Alphabet confifts of 42 Letters, which very much refemble the Greek ones. The Hiftory of the Mofcovites doth not rife above 200 Years paft.

(b) Turkifh Sultan; because

the

ZANTIUM (1), Eye could alfo difcover the Empire of NEGUS, (k) to its utmoft Port ERO Co; (1)

the Turks fettled there first, and afterwards broke through the Cafpian Streights, and fettled in Armenia, about A D. 844. At that Time the Cafpian Sea was froze over 13 Foot deep, and Men walk'd 100 Miles on the Ice of it. A Kingdom or Province of Zagathaian Tatary, lying between Great Tatary and the Empire of the Great Mogul, on the Eaft of Cathay or Catha, having Tataria Propria on the North; and Indoftan on the South, and on the Eaft Side of the Caspian Sea. Some take it to be the Kingdom of Thebet, in the faid Tatary. Here, the Emperors of the Turks, who are defcended from the antient Turks of Tatary.

(i) Bizantium; from Bizas, the Captain of the Megarean Fleet, the first Founder of it : It was firft called Lygus, from its Founder; afterwards repaired by Paufanias King of Sparta, about A. M. 3307. And antient City of Thrace, and the laft in Europe on the Bosphorus Thracius (See B. II 1c18.) It was deftroyed by Sept. Severus, after a Siege of three Years, and turned into a Village, about A. D. 196, to punish the Citizens for revolting; but rebuilt, enlarged and beautified by Conftantine the Great, who made it the Royal Seat of the Roman Empire, which proved the Ruin of it, and commanded it to be called New Rome, A. D. 300. But it is commonly called after him Conftantinople, i. e. The City of

and

It

Conftantine. It was alfo called Parthenopolis, Gr. i. e. The City of the Virgin; because it was dedicated to the Virgin Mary. The Turks call it Stamboul; which they fay fignifieth Fair, Peace, and Plenty. answers to thefe Properties indeed; but Stamboul or Itambol is corrupted for Eiften polin, Gr. i. e. Into the City, and commonly the Port; because it is the greatest and finest Port they have, or perhaps is in the World; being frequented by Merchants from all Parts of Europe, Afia, and Africa continually. Muhammed II. took it from the Greeks A. D. 1453. and fince it has been the grand Seat of the Turkish Empire: It yields the fairest Profpect without of any City, but the meaneft within: It is 900 Miles from Rome, 1460 off Paris, 1570 from London 1850 from Madrid, and 1000 from Mof

cow.

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(k) Negus, or Neguz; Ethiop. i. e. Emperor. The Emperor of Abiffinia in Upper Ethiopia; a Title which the Abiffines bestow upon their Prince.

(1) Erroco, Erquico, Arquien, and by others Erroco; Ethiop. It is a Sea-port Town of Ethiopia on the Red Sea, near the Perfian Ocean, with a fine Harbour and a very good Trade, and was the outmost Boundary of the vaft Abyffinian Empire, to the North-Eait of Africa.

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