61 CUM TOTA DESCENDAT ARANEA TELA Plaut. asin. 424 iussin' sceleste, ab ianua hoc stercus hinc auferri? | iussin' columnis deici operas aranearum? | iussin' in splendorem dari has bullas foribus nostris see the whole scene. id. Stich. 347-357 munditias volo fieri: ecferte huc scopas, simulque harundinem, ut operam omnem aranearum perdam et texturam inprobam | deiciamque earum omnis telas cape illas scopas. capiam. hoc egomet, tu hoc converre.... tu ocius terge humum, consperge ante aedis. . . ego illim araneas de foribus deiciam et de pariete |... quid sit, nihil etiam scio, | nisi forte hospites venturi sunt cet. Marquardt v (1) 147.

...

age

62 LEVE ARGENTUM plain=purum x 19 n )( VASA ASPERA, embossed plate 1 76 n. Verg. Aen. v 267 cymbiaque argento perfecta atque aspera signis. 63 seq. vI 476-496 the matron who pays a salary to torturers, and avenges a wry ringlet with the cat.' Hor. s. II 2 66-68. Sen. de ira 1 12 § 4 irascuntur boni viri pro suorum iniuriis: sed idem faciunt, si calda non bene praebetur, si vitreum fractum est, si calceus luto sparsus est. ib. 11 25 § 1 inde et illud. sequitur, ut minimis sordidisque rebus non exacerbemur. parum agilis est puer aut tepidior aqua poturo aut turbatus torus aut mensa neglegentius posita: ad ista concitari, insania est.

67 SCOBIS Hor. s. 11 4 81 82 vilibus in scopis in mappis in scobe quantus consistit sumptus. The saw-dust was left on the floor during the feast Petron. 68 scobem croco et minio tinctam sparserunt et, quod numquam ante videram, ex lapide speculari pulverem tritum. Heliogabalus used gold dust Lamprid. 31 fin. scobe auri porticum stravit et argenti, dolens quod non posset et electri, idque frequenter quacumque fecit iter pedibus usque ad equum vel carpentum, ut fit hodie de aurosa harena. Iul. Bass. in Sen. contr. 25 § 4 inter temulentas reliquias sumptuosissimae cenae et fastidiosos ob ebrietatem cibos, modo excisum caput humanum fertur. inter purgamenta et iactus cenantium et sparsam in convivio scobem, humanus sanguis everritur. Plin. xxxvi § 184 Sosus qui Pergami stravit quem vocant asaroton oecon, quoniam purgamenta cenae in pavimentis quaeque everri solent velut relicta fecerat parvis e tessellis tinctisque in varios colores.

68 AGITAS respicis schol. SINE OMNI Without any stain: Plaut. trin. 338. 621. aulul. 213. 598. Ter. Andr. 391 sine omni periclo. "Sic Plaut. et Terent. loquuntur. Cic. et al. sine ullo periclo. Vorst. de Latin. merito susp. c. 8" Ruhnken. Clem. ep. 1 20 dixa wáons. For English exx. see Wright bible-wordbook all.' Wordsworth eccl. biogr. 1 358. Christian inst. Iv2 148. I have 35 other exx. from English writers of the 16th and 17th centuries. See R. Ascham's Scholemaster 1863 glossary'all.' So in German "ohne alle Gefahr."

70 GRATUM EST QUOD Cic. Brutus § 68 gratum est tamen quod volunt. Plin. ep. 1 5 § 1. Iv 1 § 2. VI 7 § 2. Mart. vII 52 1. exx. from Cic. Catull. Tibull. Liv. in Mühlmann col. 950. cf. Burm. on Phaedr. 1 22 5. Liv. 111 46 § 8 gratum est 'thank you.'

PATRIAE CIVEM DEDISTI III 3 unum civem donare Sibyllae. Cic. Verr. § 161 susceperas enim liberos non solum tibi sed etiam patriae. Marquardt v (1) 71 seq. on the encouragements to marry in Rome. Sen. suas. 2 § 21 ea quae apud matronas disserebat liberos non esse tollendos et ob hoc accusatur reipublicae laesae.

73 PLURIMUM ENIM this rare elision (L. Müller de re metr. 255) also vi 151 quantulum in hoc. 74 seq. Hor. ep. 1 2 65--67.

Plut. 11 3" seq.

SERPENTE CICONIA PULLOS

NUTRIT XV 3. Verg. g. 11 319 320 Forbiger cum vere rubenti | candida venit avis longis invisa colubris. Plin. x § 62 honos iis serpentium exitio tantus ut in Thessalia capital fuerit occidisse eademque legibus poena, quae in homicidam. [Aristot.] mir. ausc. 22.

rura.

75 PER DEVIA RURA Prop. IIIII 19 2. Ov. m. 1 675 per devia
LACERTA III 231.
VI 50. VIII 123.

76 ILLI EADEM same elision 1 73.

σωσιν.

SUMPTIS PINNIS III 80 n. qui sumpsit pinnas. Heins and Burman on Ov. m. IV 561. Like simile in Quintil. 11 6 § 7 Burman cui rei simile quiddam facientes aves cernimus, quae teneris infirmisque fetibus cibos ore suo collatos partiuntur; at cum visi sunt adulti, paulum egredi nidis et circumvolare sedem illam praecedentes ipsae docent: tum expertas vires libero caelo suaeque ipsorum fiduciae permittunt. Synes. Dion fin. p. 61° ráv δὲ ὅμοιον τοῦτο τῷ συμβαίνοντι κατὰ τοὺς τῶν ἀετῶν νεοττούς. τοὺς ἀετιδεῖς οἱ πατέρες ἐκπετησίμους ἄραντες ὑψοῦ μεθιᾶσιν οἷον ἐπιτρέποντες αὐτοὺς τοῖς οἰκείοις πτεροῖς χρῆσθαι· κατα αὖθις ἀναλαμβάνουσι προλαμβάνοντες τῆς ἡλικίας αὐτῶν τὴν ἀσθένειαν· καὶ τοῦτο πολλάκις, ἕως ἂν τὴν πτήσιν ἐκμελετή 77 CRUCIBUSQUE the dead body was left hanging on the cross Plaut. mil. 372 scio crucem futuram mihi sepulcrum. Hor. ep. 1 16 48 Obbar non pasces in cruce corvos. Plin. xxxvi § 107 ut omnium ita defunctorum corpora figeret cruci spectanda simul civibus et feris volucribusque laceranda. Plut. Kleom. 39 § 1 the guards of the crucified body of Kleomenes saw a great serpent twined about the head and covering the face, ὥστε μηδὲν ὄρνεον ἐφίπτασθαι σαρκοφάγον. Artemidor. II 53 τὰς σάρκας ἀπολλύουσιν οἱ σταυρωθέντες. Hence Theodorus, when threatened with crucifixion by Lysimachus, replied Cic. Tusc. 1 § 102 Theodori quidem nihil interest, humine an sublime putescat. A guard was set to watch the corpse Petron. 111 miles, qui cruces asservabat, ne quis ad sepulturam corpora detraheret. cf. 112. Phaedr. fab. nov. 13 9 seq. taken from Petron. as 22 1 nihil est occultum quod non manifestabitur from Matt. 10 26. Keim Gesch. Jesu v. Naz. III 506 n. 4. 81 LEPOREM Aesch. Ag. 115—124. FAMULAE IOVIS Hor. c. iv 4 1 ministrum fulminis alitem. 82 HINC from the hare or hind.

CUBILI Verg. g. 1 411.

83 INDE from the nest.

84 AD ILLAM (praedam) quam cet. iv 70 n. Hor. s. iv 10 16 illi, scripta quibus comoedia prisca viris est. 85 rhythm as

in xv 85.

86-106 If the father impairs his estate by building villas of costly marbles in fashionable localities, no wonder that his son yet more prodigally wastes what remains: if the father observes the sabbath and abstains from meats forbidden by the Jewish lawgiver, no wonder that the son, having been early trained to neglect his country's laws, becomes by circumcision (exod. 12 48) a proselyte of righteousness, bound to the observance of the whole Mosaic law.

86-95 on the extravagant sums spent in building cf. 275. 1 94 n. Sall. Cat. 12 § 3 operae pretium est, cum domos atque villas cognoveris in urbium modum exaedificatas, visere templa deorum. 13 § 1 a privatis conpluribus subvorsos montes, maria constrata esse. Hence (Vell. 11 33 § 4) Lucullus was nicknamed Xerxes togatus. Nep. Att. 14 §3 nullam suburbanam aut maritimam sumptuosam villam. Cic. p. Sest. § 93. fr. or. in Clod. 4 § 3 is me dixit aedificare. ad Att. iv 5 § 2. Damasippus, convicting Horace of madness s. 11 3 308 aedifi

cas. id. c. in 15. ш 1 33-46. Tibull. 11 3 43-46. Plin. 11 § 157. Sen. contr. 9 § 12 ad delicias dementis luxuriae lapis omnis eruitur, caeduntur ubique gentium silvae: aeris ferrique usus, iam auri quoque, in extruendis et decorandis domibus cet. id. ep. 89 § 21 quousque nullus erit lacus, cui non villarum vestrarum fastigia immineant, nullum flumen, cuius non ripas aedificia vestra praetexant? ubicumque scatebunt aquarum calentium venae, ibi nova diversoria luxuriae excitabuntur. ubicumque in aliquem sinum litus curvabitur, vos protinus fundamenta jacietis nec contenti solo, nisi quod manu feceritis, maria agetis introrsus. ib. 122 § 8. id. de ira 1 21 § 1 luxuria... vult. . . terras transferre, maria concludere. Mart. 1x 46 Gellius was always building, busy with doorposts and locks and windows: oranti nummos ut dicere possit amico | unum illud verbum Gellius "aedifico." Marquardt v 2 43 44. Gronov. diatr. 39. AEDIFICATOR a term of reproach Nep. Att. 13 § 1 nemo illo minus fuit emax, minus aedificator. Colum. 14 § 8 eleganter . . . aedificet agricola, nec sit tamen aedificator. 86-87 MODO ... NUNC.. NUNC Ov. m. xI 921 922. tr. 1 2 27 -30. Hand Tursell. III 648. 87 CAIETAE now Gaeta; said to have been named from the nurse of Aeneas (Aen. vII 2): in Latium, on the sinus Caietanus 40 stadia south of Formiae (Strab. p. 233, who mentions the large and costly buildings). Cic. de imp. Pomp. § 33 portum Caietae celeberrimum atque plenissimum navium. spoken of as an agreeable abode by Mart. v 1 5. x 30 8. Stat. s. 1 3 87 88. SUMMA NUNC TIBURIS ARCE III 192 proni Tiburis arce. Tivoli lies 20 miles (Mart. Iv 57 4) N.E. of Rome, chiefly on a rocky hill on the left bank of the Anio. There are remains of walls and temples still to be seen. Strabo p. 238 Τίβουρα μὲν, ἢ τὸ ̔Ηρακλεῖον, καὶ ὁ καταράκτης ὃν ποιεῖ πλωτὸς ὁ ̓Ανίων, ἀφ ̓ ὕψους μεγάλου καταπίπτων εἰς φάραγγα βαθεῖαν καὶ κατάλση. Obbar on Hor. ep. 1 8 12. Burn Rome and Camp. 394-401. 88 PRAENESTINIS IN MONTIBUS III 190 n. Cato orig. 11 23. Jordan in Serv. Aen. vII 682. Hor. c. III 4 22— 24 seu mihi frigidum | Praeneste, seu Tibur supinum, | seu liquidae placuere Baiae. ALTA III 269 n. Hor. c. III 1 45 46 cur invidendis postibus et novo | sublime ritu moliar atrium? 89 GRAECIS MARMORIBUS the marbles of Paros, Pentelicus, Hymettus, Carystus, Taenarum and Sparta were celebrated Stat. s. III 1 5 6 nitidos postes Graiisque effulta metallis | culmina. LONGE PETITIS MARMORIBUS VII 182 n. XI 175 n. from Synnada (Phrygium, Mygdonium) or Numidia Stat. s. 1 2 148_hic_Libycus Phrygiusque silex. ib. 5 34-41. 11 2 85–93. IV 2 27-29. Becker Gallus 1 33 seq. Marquardt v (2) 221—3.

90 FORTUNAE at Praeneste VM. (or Iul. Paris and Nepotianus) 1 3 § 2. Stat. s. 13 (villa Tiburtina) 79 80 quod ni templa darent alias Tirynthia sortes, et Praenestinae poterant migrare sorores. Fronto ad M. Antonin. de oratt. p. 157 Naber omnis ibi Fortunas Antiatis Praenestinas... reperias. See T. Caesii Taurini votum Fortunae Praenestinae in Wernsdorf-Lemaire p. 1. m. 316. Thon e Nibby il tempio della Fortuna Prenestina ristor. ed. illustr. Roma 1825 fol. Burn 382-7. HERCULIS AEDEM at Tibur Prop. III = II 32 3 nam quid Praenesti dubias, o Cynthia, sortes [petis? i.e. the oracle, which gave responses by lot]. ib. 5 curve te in Herculeum deportent esseda Tibur? cf. Cic. de divin. II § 85. Strab. p. 238. Priap. 75 9. Mart. IV 57 9 10. 62 1. Bayle s.v. Tibur n. B.D.E. In the temple of Hercules was a library Gell. Ix 14 § 3. xIx 5 § 4.

91 SPADO POSIDES Suet. Cl. 28 libertorum praecipue suspexit Posiden spadonem, quem etiam Britannico triumpho inter militares viros hasta pura donavit. Sen. ep. 86 § 7 balnea libertorum. Plin. xxx1 § 5 baths built by him at Baiae Posidianae aquae: he must have built a mansion in Rome rivalling the Capitol (nostra, Roman, opposed to Fortuna Praenestina cet.) 92 DUM HABITAT-FREGIT 95. III 94 HANC partem relictam.

10 n.

TURBAVIT Conturbavit vII 129 n. 95 DUM... ATTOLLIT 92 n. cf. 88. 1 94 erexit.

ATTOLLIT Aen. I 185. ш 134. Plin. XXXVI § 30.

96-106 On the proselytising spirit of the Jews see Matt. 23 15. Rom. 10 2. Gal. 4 9 21. 2 Cor. 11 20. Augustus (Suet. 93) specially commended his grandson Gaius, quod Iudaeam praetervehens apud Hierosolyma non supplicasset. Hor. s. 1 4 141-3 a strong force of poets will come to my aid, and as we are many more in number, veluti te | Iudaei cogemus in hanc concedere turbam. 5 100 a miracle: incense consumed without flame: credat Iudaeus Apella. 9 69-72. Ios. ant. XVIII 3 § 5 a Jew, residing at Rome, professed to interpret the wisdom of the Mosaic laws and with three others persuaded Fulvia, a lady of rank who had embraced the Jewish religion, to send purple and gold to the temple at Jerusalem. The Jews converted the gifts to their own use. On the complaint of Fulvia's husband Tiberius ordered the expulsion of all Jews from Rome. cf. Tac. ann. 11 85. Suet. Tib. 36. Philo leg. ad Gai. p. 569 M. Multitude of Jews in Rome Cic. p. Flacc. § 69; under Claudius DCass. LX 6 § 6; dispersed over the world acts 2 5-11. Philo leg. ad Gaium 33 p. 582 M. 36 p. 587 M. in Flaccum 7 p. 523 524 M. Ios. bell. II 16 § 4 p. 121 29 Dind. où yàp eσTW èπì TŶs olкovμévηs dîμos o μǹ μоîраν vμетéрav exwv. ib. VII 3 §3 many Greek proselytes at Antioch; dispersion of Jews over the world Strabo in Ios. ant. XIV 7 § 2 TÓTOV οὐκ ἔστι ῥᾳδίως εὑρεῖν τῆς οἰκουμένης, ὃς οὐ παραδέδεκται τοῦτο τὸ φῦλον μηδ' ÉπɩкρатÉîтαι vπ' avroû. Orig. Cels. v 41. Poppaea was a proselyte (Ios. ant. xx 8 § 11 fin. Peoσeßns). DCass. LXVII 14 § 2 A D. 95 many proselytes executed. Caracalla, when a boy of seven, heard (Spartian. 1 § 6) that a playmate ob Iudaicam religionem gravius verberatum. The heathen accounts of the Jews are collected by Fr. C. Meyer Judaica. Jena 1832. Alb. Göser die Berichte des classischen Alterthums über die Religion der Juden in the Tüb. Quartalschr. (1868) L 565-637. Fred. Huidekoper Judaism at Rome B.c. 76 to A.D. 140. New York, 1876 (the most complete, but fanciful and uncritical). John Gill notices of the Jews and their country by the classic writers of antiquity, sec. ed. Lond. 1872 (very uncritical). Friedländer III1 506–517. The histories of Basnage, Jost, Milman, Salvador, Ewald, Graetz, Herzfeld, Hitzig, Renan; Cassel in Ersch u. Gruber's Encyclop. 'Juden (Geschichte.)' Jos. Langen das Judenthum in Palästina zur Zeit Christi Fr. im Br. 1866. Schürer Lehrb. d. neutestamentl. Zeitgesch. Leipz. 1874. Hausrath neutestamentl. Zeitgesch. 4 vols." Heidelb. 1873-7. J. Derenbourg essai sur l'histoire et la géographie de la Palestine d'après les Thalmuds Par. 1867 c. 14 les Juifs et les païennes,' notes how the Herodian family aroused Roman aversion to themselves and the Jews; Egyptian libels, as that of Apion, bloody wars, and resentment against a conquered nation, which professed that its God was supreme, further explain the ignorant violence even of a Tacitus (p. 221) 'un dieu' qui résistait lorsque la nation qu'il avait protégée était vaincue, qui prétendait même être encore la divinité suprême, quand le peuple qu'il avait élu était courbé

sous le joug d'un maitre étranger, c'était presque un blasphème, dans un siècle où l'on n'était dieu que parce qu'on était puissant, et où il suffisait d'être puissant pour être un dieu.' cf. Cic. p. Flacc. § 69. Minuc. 10. 22. Hausrath 1 157-163 'röm. Ansichten üb. d. jüd. Religion.' Much of Aug. de cons. evang. I discusses the heathen notions respecting the Jews: see esp. §§ 45 46 (on Lucan II 592).

96 seq. III 14. 296. νι 159 160. 542 seq. (from which passage it would seem that the Jewish worship was most attractive to women, cf. Ov. a. a. 1 76. Ios. ant. XVIII 3 § 5. xx 2 § 4. bell. II 20 § 2. acts 13 50. 16 14. Wetst. on Matt. 13 15). DCass. XXXVII 17 § 1 φέρει [ἡ ἐπίκλησις τῶν Ἰουδαίων] καὶ ἐπὶ τοὺς ἄλλους ἀνθρώπους ὅσοι τὰ νόμιμα αὐτῶν, καίπερ ἀλλοεθνεῖς ὄντες, ζηλοῦσι. καὶ ἔστι καὶ παρὰ τοῖς Ρωμαίοις τὸ γένος τοῦτο, κολουσθὲν μὲν πολλάκις, αὐξηθὲν δὲ ἐπὶ πλεῖστον, ὥστε καὶ ἐς παρρησίαν τῆς νομίσεως ἐκνικῆσαι. Winer Real-Wörterb. s. v. Proselyten. 96 METUENTEM SABBATA 101. 105 n. Pers. v 184 recutitaque sabbata palles. The heathen conceived the God of the Jews to be a malignant being Plut. de Stoic. repugn. 38 § 2. SABBATA VI 159 observant ubi festa mero pede sabbata reges. Apion (Ios. II 2 p. 368 50 Dind.) gives a ludicrous derivation of name and thing. On the observance of the sabbath among the heathen cf. Plut. de superst. 3 p. 166a. Ov. a. a. 1 76. 415 416. rem. 219 220. Tibull. 1 3 18. Hor. s. 1 9 69. Mart. IV 4 7. Suet. Tib. 32. Sen. cited on 105 106. id. ep. 95 § 47 accendere aliquem lucernam sabbatis prohibeamus, quoniam nec lumine di egent et ne homines quidem delectantur fuligine. Ios. c. Ap. II 39 the early Greek philosophers followed Moses ὅμοια μὲν περὶ θεοῦ φρονοῦντες, εὐτέλειαν δὲ βίου καὶ τὴν πρὸς ἀλλήλους κοινωνίαν διδάσκοντες. οὐ μὴν ἀλλὰ καὶ πλήθεσιν ἤδη πολὺς ζῆλος γέγονεν ἐκ μακροῦ τῆς ἡμετέρας εὐσεβείας, οὐδ ̓ ἔστιν οὐ πόλις ̔Ελλήνων οὐδ ̓ ἡτισοῦν οὐδὲ βάρβαρος οὐδὲ ἓν ἔθνος, ἔνθα μὴ τὸ τῆς ἑβδομάδος, ἣν ἀργοῦμεν ἡμεῖς, ἔθος οὐ διαπεφοίτηκε καὶ αἱ νηστείαι καὶ λύχνων ἀνακαύσεις καὶ πολλὰ τῶν εἰς βρῶσιν ἡμῖν οὐ νενομι σμένων παρατετήρηται. μιμεῖσθαι δὲ πειρῶνται καὶ τὴν πρὸς ἀλλήλους ἡμῶν ὁμόνοιαν καὶ τὴν τῶν ὄντων ἀνάδοσιν καὶ τὸ φιλεργὸν ἐν ταῖς τέχναις καὶ τὸ καρτερικὸν ἐν ταῖς ὑπὲρ τῶν νόμων ἀνάγκαις. τὸ γὰρ θαυμασιώτα τον, ὅτι χωρὶς τοῦ τῆς ἡδονῆς ἐπαγωγοῦ οὐ δελεαστὸς αὐτὸς καθ ̓ αὐτὸν ἴσχυσεν ὁ νόμος. καὶ ὥσπερ ὁ θεὸς διὰ παντὸς τοῦ κόσμου πεφοίτηκεν, οὕτως ὁ νόμος διὰ πάντων ἀνθρώπων βεβάδικεν. αὐτὸς δέ τις ἕκαστος τὴν πατρίδα καὶ τὸν οἶκον ἐπισκοπῶν τὸν αὑτοῦ τοῖς ὑπ ̓ ἐμοῦ λεγομένοις οὐκ ἀπιστήσει. χρὴ τοίνυν πάντων ἀνθρώπων καταγνῶναι πονηρίαν ἐθελούσιον, εἰ τἀλλότρια καὶ φαῦλα πρὸ τῶν οἰκείων καὶ καλῶν ζηλοῦν ἐπιτεθυμήκασιν, ἢ παυσάσθαι βασκαίνοντας ἡμῖν τοὺς κατηγοροῦντας. οὐδὲ γὰρ ἐπιφθόνου τινὸς ἀντιποιούμεθα· πράγματος, τὸν αὐτῶν τιμώντες νομοθέτην καὶ τοῖς ὑπ ̓ ἐκείνου προφητευθεῖσι περὶ τοῦ θεοῦ πεπιστευκότες. καὶ γὰρ εἰ μὴ συνίεμεν αὐτοὶ τῆς ἀρετῆς τῶν νόμων ἁπάντων, ὑπὸ τοῦ πλήθους γοῦν τῶν ζηλούντων μέγα φρονεῖν ἐπ' αὐτοῖς προήχθημεν. Strangers at the feasts in Jerusalem bell. vi 9 § 3 fin. Tert. apol. 16. S. Frisius de sabbatho gentili. Jena 1726. 4to. 97 NIL PRAETER NUBES ET CAELI NUMEN ADORANT VI 543-5 arcanam Iudaea tremens mendicat in aurem, interpres legum Solymarum et magna sacerdos | arboris ac summi fida internuntia caeli. acts 14 15. 17 24. Hekataeus in Ios. c. Ap. I 22 p. 355 49 of the temple ἄγαλμα δὲ οὐκ ἔστιν. Luc. II 592-3 dedita sacris | incerti Iudaea dei. cf. Trebell. Claud. 2 § 4 astrologers say that 120 years is the term of human life: Mosen solum, dei, ut Iudaeorum libri locuntur, familiarem, centum viginti quinque annos vixisse;