61. How then is the whole number of free persons to be obtained? By including in that number apprentices, and exading Indians not taxed. 62. When the whole number of free persons is thus ascertained, it must be added in order to determine the number to be repreted? Three-fifths of all other persons. 63. Who are particularly meant by "other persons?" Slaves. 64. Repeat that part of the 3d clause which relates to the mode of ortioning the Representatives among the States, after the enume .on. "Representatives and direct taxes shall be apporned among the several States which may be includ within this Union, according to their respective mbers, which shall be determined by adding to the hole number of free persons, including those bound service for a term of years, and excluding Indians t taxed, three-fifths of all other persons." 65. When was the first enumeration to be made? Within three years after the first meeting of Con ess. 66. When was it actually made? In 1790. 67. How often was the census to be taken afterwards? Once in every ten years. 68. How was the enumeration to be made? In such a manner as Congress should, by law, direct. 69. Repeat that part of the Apportionment clause which relates to time and mode of making the enumeration. "The actual enumeration shall be made within three ars after the first meeting of the Congress of the nited States, and within every subsequent term of years, in such manner as they shall by law direct." 70. Repeat that part of the Apportionment clause which limits the number of Representatives. "The number of Representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty thousand, but each State shall have at least one Representative." 71. How many Representatives was each of the States entitled to choose until the first enumeration should be made? "The State of New Hampshire was entitled to choose 3 73. By what census is that apportionment determined? 74. What is the ratio of representation under that apportionment? One Representative for every 70,680, and an additional member is allowed to each State in which the remaining fraction exceeds one-half of that number. 75. What is the whole number of Representatives under this apportionment? Two hundred and thirty. *The original apportionment is given for reference merely, because it is 18. Louisiana 4 19. Indiana "10 4 66 7 66 7 66 7 April 8th, 1812. Dec. 29th, 1845. Dec. 28th, 1846. 2 (not proclaimed, Ap. 13, '48.) 230 N. B.-The original thirteen States are arranged in the order of the original apportionment: the others, according to the date of CLAUSE IV." When vacancies happen in the representation from any State, the executive authority thereof shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies." 78. To what does this clause relate? To filling vacancies in the House of Representatives. 79. How are the vacancies in the Representation from any State to be filled? The Executive of that State shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies. 80. Repeat the words of Clause IV. CLAUSE V." The House of Representatives shall choose their Speaker and other officers; and shall have the sole power of impeachment.” 81. How are the Speaker and other officers of the House appointed? By the House itself. 82. Why is it important that the Speaker and other officers should be chosen by the House? It gives the House a more efficient control over its officers. 83. What is the power of impeachment? It is the right which the Representatives have to bring an accusation against high officers of government, for maladministration of office. 84. Are impeachments tried by the House? SECTION III. Senate. CLAUSE I. "The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, chosen by the 86. To what does this clause relate? To the organization of the Senate. 87. What advantage is to be derived from dividing the legis lative body into two branches? The two Houses act as a check upon each other. 88. How is this check most effectually secured? By making the two Houses dissimilar in their organi zation. 89. In what respects is the organization of the Senate different from that of the House of Representatives? The Senate differs from the House of Representatives in regard to the number of members, the mode of election, and the term of service. 90. Of how many members is the Senate composed? Of two from each State, or sixty in all. 91. How are the Senators chosen? By the Legislatures of the several States. 92. How do they differ in this respect from the Representatives? The Representatives are chosen by the people of the States. 93. For what time are the Senators chosen? For six years. 94. How do they differ in this respect from the Representatives? The Representatives are chosen for only two years. 95. Why is a comparatively long term of service fixed for the Senators? That they may serve as a check upon the sudden fluctuations of popular opinion, to which the other branch of the Legislature is liable. 96. In what manner do the Senators vote? Each Senator has one vote. 97. How did the Continental Congress vote? By States; the Representatives from each State having but one vote. |