"Peggy Stewart's Day," the 19th day of October, was made a legal holiday in Maryland, and remains so to the present time.

The professor of history in Harvard University, Edward Channing, has published A Students' History of the United States, his aim being, one would suppose, to attain especial and critical accuracy. On page 180 of his book he classes the burning of the Peggy Stewart with that of the Gaspee, mentioning the two as "deeds of daring."

It is painful to see learned professors, who write students' histories, going astray in this artless style. Anthony Stewart burned his little ship because he was afraid of his neighbors; and to class his act as a "deed of daring" comparable to the audacity of those who burned the Gaspee, is not the especially and critically accurate manner in which a students' history should be prepared by a Harvard professor of history.

In 1774, Dunmore led a large expedition against the Indians into the Ohio country, where mutual outrages had at length brought on a state of war. A pitched battle was fought on the Great Kanawha by the Americans under General Lewis and the confederated Indians under the famous chief, Cornstalk. The red men were repulsed, and while their losses had not been heavy, they lost heart, and sued for peace.

The Americans were eager to press the advan

tage they had gained, but Lord Dunmore, who had done no fighting, decided to put an end to the war.

To the conference which was held between the governor and the Indian chiefs, one of the leading warriors refused to come. This was Logan, a headman of the Mingoes. At the commencement of the trouble nine of the women and children of his family had been butchered in cold blood by an officer named Greathouse; and Logan, who had always been a noted friend to the whites, refused to forgive or forget the crime. He was willing that the war should end, for he had taken his revenge, but he would not make friends.

Pressed by repeated messages to attend the conference, he finally sent the reply which was preserved by Jefferson in his Notes on Virginia, and which so many thousands of American schoolboys have spoken. "Logan's speech" created a deep impression even in the rude camp where backwoodsmen, with guns in their hands, first heard it; and it excites mournful interest yet.

CHAPTER VIII

JEFFERSON AT MONTICELLO

FROM the time of his marriage until he became an active member of Congress, Mr. Jefferson spent most of his time at Monticello. Public business and law practise caused him to be absent frequently; but the better parts of the years were passed amid the delightful scenes of home, where children came to complete the domestic happiness.

Eagerly as an artist at work on a model, Mr. Jefferson continued to rear his mansion.

Like the old Countess of Shrewsbury, "Bess of Hardwick," who believed that she would die when she quit building, and who actually did expire during a frost which stopped her workmen, Jefferson never ceased to make alterations, improvements, in house or grounds as long as he could lay his hands on ready cash.

And next to designing houses for himself, he delighted in designing them for others. Public buildings, private buildings, in country and in town, residential, devotional, educational-no matter what sort was wanted-Jefferson's heart glowed with pleasure when he was asked to furnish the plan.

We see him in the dawn of his brilliant youth

laying the foundation and rearing the walls of Monticello; in his tranquil old age, when he can no longer walk or ride, we shall see him, telescope in hand, watching from his mountain observatory the execution of his last great undertaking-his noble monument-the University of Virginia.

After all, the instinct of the architect being that of the artist who paints pictures, no dwelling is lovely without an environment which charms. There must be harmony, or the picture is a daub.

True to this principle, Mr. Jefferson molded nature to correspond with the house-the house to accord with nature. The grove, the lawn, the terrace, the gardens, the walk, the drive—he thought of all, and himself directed every touch which transformed rugged, unkempt surroundings into cultivated beauty. He loved the work too well to leave it to others.

It was his passion to impress his thought, his preference upon everything around him. Where to plant the orchard and how; what trees to set out and where; what spot to level for flowers, and which for vegetables; how many vines, shrubs, roots, bulbs, seeds, nuts, and what sorts; when the planting should be done and in what way; where the terrace wall should run and where the carriage turn; in each respect and all, the originator, the supervisor, the final arbiter was Jefferson himself. He teaches his negroes how to burn bricks, forge

nails, frame a house, set a window or a door, run a stair, lay a floor, raise a dome. He employs Italian gardeners, and then bosses the gardening himself. He keeps an overseer, and then directs how each field shall be managed; will not allow lazy slaves to be pushed. He names his hogs as he does his horses; and his overseer affirms that he knows the name of each of these hogs, and that when one of them is to be killed, it is the master who designates by name the unfortunate pig.

Not only does he have Italian gardeners, as he will afterward have a French cook, but he takes lessons from an Italian music-master.

Martha Wayles (who is now Mrs. Jefferson) was taught to play upon the harpsichord by Alberte; the same teacher now guides Mr. Jefferson in his strug gles with the violin. When absent from home, he carries as part of his luggage a small fiddle (called a kit), and early every morning, when the others in the house are asleep, he begins to practise, keeping it up until breakfast is ready. For three hours each day, for many years, the persistent Jefferson has been laboring to express in sound the music that is in his soul. As to his success in having done so, accounts vary. His style of music, like his taste in cookery and house-building, differed radically from the standards approved in the backwoods. Country people who dearly love a "breakdown" do not understand why anybody should