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self are both equally delighted to boast, does not appear→→→ nor, perhaps, did they understand; but this we do know, that many of the most discontented and the most clamorous for reform have revolution from day to day in their mouths, yet really meaning nothing else but that sacred revolution of 1688, and meaning only to restore the constitution to the state in which it was then settled as they conceive; in which, however, in my conscience and judgment, I believe it is substantially now. "No good could be done without an overthrow of government," that they had probably learned to say, and we are to consider what sort of an overthrow: whether they meant to turn out His Majesty's ministers, or what their object was? Government is a very general and indefinite expression, applied to various purposes. It is not unusual in both Houses of Parliament for His Majesty's ministers, who were formerly in more homely language called His Majesty's servants, to be styled His Majesty's government, and almost daily, during the sitting of parliament, we hear and read that expression so applied. Well then, there they had this conversation you find by the testi mony of that witness, among persons to the number of about, sometimes half a dozen and sometimes as many as twenty in the room, two constables went into the room' where these men were sitting over their drink, and admonished them that they had better not talk in that foolish way, meaning no doubt that they did not understand what? they said; why what have you to do with this matter, we will put you up the chimney if you talk; that was not like levying war against the King, though he was the King's constable, but still the constable staid. Why did you stay, did they make no secret of this? no, no secret at all-anybody who came into this public house might hear this foul treason proclaimed, notice might have been given to the magistracy before one of these miserable beings had provided himself with a single weapon to set the law of the land at defiance: the constable you remember was in a dilemma, they had no fear of its being told-then how came you not to go and tell? why they

threatened me if I told. Can you believe that Gentlemen, if men were in their senses, that they should sit in a public house, give an invitation to the constable to come and hear what they were talking about, which was no less a thing, they would have you to believe, than to subdue His Majesty and His whole army by seven drunken paupers at an ale house without a weapon, for that was all that was exhibited on the Sunday; that is the evidence of the first witness, Martin.

Then you have had a witness of the name of Asbury, and he stated to you that they said they must turn out; you recollect he tried to repeat some lines, a lesson they had all been taught and had got by heart. The Attorney General has said, I do not care what their object was if they intended to overturn the government; but, Gentlemen, their object is of the last importance, and let us hear what they were to fight for, for bread! that is what they proposed to fight for; that the government must be opposed, they have stated to you was part of the words of this poetry as it is called, but poetry is proverbially fiction-it was part of the poetry that they were to oppose the government.

So ends the evidence of the conspiracy hitherto ; was that which passed at the time of that meeting, which is one of the overt Acts of the Indictment, was that transaction at the ale-house a conspiracy to make war against the King? our beloved Sovereign was never mentioned in the whole of this foolish conversation. Oh, but I suppose Mr, Solicitor General will tell you by and by, as he is making an observation upon that in his notes, Oh, they kept that in the back ground, they had much deeper objects than they avowed; it was odd then that they should sit in an ale-house at noon day, on a Sunday, with constables and others round them, and that they should be foolish enough to avow that part of their design and to conceal the other.

Well, Gentlemen, then the next piece of evidence is that which relates to the transactions of the 9th, for the Attorney General has said the plot was formed on the Sunday and it was executed on the Monday. James Shipman,

speaking of meeting the Captain, as he has been called, says-I asked him what they were to do for provisions when they got to Nottingham; Oh, he said, there would be bread, and beef, and rum, and everything: well, says 1. provisions for yourself, but what is to become of the poor women whom you leave behind; Oh, a provisional Government will be sent down to relieve the wives and children. So that you see Gentlemen, these hungry paupers wanted a provisional government to supply them with food, that was what they conceived; for you see it is. in answer to the question that is put where they are to get provisions for their wives and children, a provisional government is to come down from London, and then roastbeef and ale will be in plenty, that was their idea of the alteration they proposed of the government. Then, after that little conversation, an old woman tapped him on the shoulder, and she said-there is a magistrate here; Oh, says the Captain, you will have another magistrate soon who will give you something to eat; and then says the witness, the man conducted himself so foolishly that I thought he must be either drunk or mad. So I think will you Gentlemen, or deluded and imposed upon most grossly if he could for a moment expect that any direct outrage could have the effect of producing benefit.

Then Thomas Turner stated a great many things, and he told you how the army was collected: he saw three men with guns on Monday night, that was the beginning of the army, the first regiment that took the ground; three men with guns at Hunt's Barn they collected, and accumulated their numbers to the enormous amount of sixty or seventy. They called at a public-house, and had some refreshment, and the Captain told them, having called for his bill, which amounted to eight and twenty shillings, "Well, I will take care you shall be paid," and all was settled between the parties with perfect amity. Well, they marched on two or three miles and then this army began to drop off, that is the account he gives of the war.

Then the next witness is a man of the name of Tomlinson; he spoke of what they had said respecting a cloud that

was coming from the North, that was to sweep all before it; not such a cloud as came down to Derby in the year 1745; not an army in battle array; but a swarm of hungry and unemployed mechanics clamouring for food, that was the cloud that was to come from the North.

Elijah Hall gave you an account of what passed at his house anything about deposing the King?-hurling him from his throne, his royal state, and the dignity of this imperial realm? No-oh no, they said they wanted a bigger loaf, and an altering of times, Gentlemen, is that making war against the King? They wanted a bigger loaf, and an altering of times; and it was their intention to wipe off the National Debt; this was the conduct of these miserable paupers at that time.

Then what account does Elijah Hall, the younger, give

you of it, and of their intentions?—He does not seem to know much more what they were about than the mob themselves, but he heard some of the mob say they were going to pull down the Parliament House, and amend the laws. I suppose they talked about a Reform in Parliament, and he, not understanding what they meant, imagined it was pulling down the Parliament House; but whether they had an intention of pulling down the Parliament House or not-whether they had in their minds a Reform in Parliament, which I have no doubt they had, is not very material to the present question.

Then this morning, after hearing a few other witnesses, a person of the name of William Shipman was called. The only warlike occurrence that he witnessed was, that several guns were attempted to be fired as a signal, without effect; so that they had not skill enough to fire a gun, till at last the Captain came forward, and he had skill and dexterity enough to fire off bis-that great achievement was at last with difficulty effected.

Then Henry Hole says that they told him he should have roast beef and ale if he went to Nottingham, and that persons should be appointed to take care of their families, I suppose this provisional government who were to feed them, and that they stated that they were starving, and that it was the last shift they could ever make.

Then another and a very important witness of their proceedings, of the name of Goodwin, was called before you, to whose evidence I beg your particular attention. He saw this party in battle array, they amounted to about a hundred, and, says he, they were marching two deep, lock step for in order to make this into war, you perceive the anxiety with which the lock step was introduced,→ they marched up to Mr. Goodwin, and he began to lecture them immediately about peace and quietness, did they commit any outrage? none whatever,--he endeavored to persuade one of them to give up this foolish pursuit and stay at home; he did not succeed with that particular individual, but after holding this conversation with their Captain about violating the laws, and being hanged, the Captain did not molest him, but turned to the right and left and marched off, suffering two or three of their ranks to file off and retire into the premises of Mr. Goodwin.

But Gentlemen, to make war there must be not only men, but the means of war, and yesterday they produced to you three or four pikes and a bag of bullets, their case was summed up with that, for when they had produced that stock of ammunition there was an end to all their warfare : however they marched on in the road to Nottingham,→ yes, and the ammunition even that was taken from them; the good fellow gave it up as tamely as the rest of his associates had marched off on receiving the denial at the Butterley works.

A worthy magistrate saw them on the road; he went to call in the King's army to oppose them; when he came back with eighteen dragoons he was quite disappointed, the enemy had fled, they had all melted away and left their arms in the field of battle, except, says he, that I saw a company of thirty, whom with one dragoon I pursued and took several of them into custody,

Now, there Gentlemen ends the history of the war against the great King of England, in the year of our Lord 1817, a war against whom? the mightiest monarch on the face of the earth; a monarch at the head of a consti