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Index.

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CONTRACT. An attempt to convert a simple contract claim into a fraud,

should be guarded against by the courts..

A marriage contract, when a nullity for fraud..

A vendee, in order to rescind contract for sale in toto, for fraud,
must reconvey, or offer to........

An action for breach of contract against a railroad company-their
liability, &c.

....

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109

Of married women under acts of 1848 and 1849-effect of, &c.
When promissory note void, founded on fraudulent contract, &c.... 363
What sufficient to constitute a particular partnership, with equal lia-
bilities of profit and loss .....

In reference to statute of frauds-in contract of partnership, special
or general, neither writing nor delivery, except implied delivery,
necessary..

509

509

CONVICTION AND SENTENCE. What judgment for sentence neces-
sary on a conviction for misdemeanor

Defective sentence may be inquired into on habeas corpus
Special statute for Kings county, in cases for sentence thirty days or

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27

.....

Powers of court of special sessions-cannot pronounce sentence un-

less in session, &c. ....

336

567

567

.....

When bail will be allowed after indictment in capital offences.
What testimony sufficient to enable a grand jury to find a bill

135

... 186

CORPORATIONS. Banks, established under general banking law, may
sue in name of president or corporate name......
When injunction will be allowed to restrain insolvent corporation
from opening their transfer books, &c......
The powers and duties of commissioners of highways under the act
of July 21, 1853, in reference to the incorporation of plank road
companies the construction of that and other statutes......... 237
Banks, when declared insolvent, and proceedings against, under the
act of April 5, 1849 ..........

.341, 498

Where resident corporations entitled to have trial, when sued by non-
resident plaintiff.....

403

Proceedings supplementary to execution (§ 292) not applicable to
judgments against corporations

487

An assignment for benefit of creditors, made by an embarrassed bank-
ing institution, is void by the act of 1849............
Powers of corporations confined to their charter-effect of officers
fraudulently overissuing certificates of stock, &c. ............ 543
Cannot authorize an agent to perform acts not permitted by its char-
ter...

438

.... 543
A mandamus is not the proper remedy against a corporation who

Index.

refuses to allow stock to be transferred on the books of the
company-the remedy is by action......

COSTS. A trial fee-$15-of an issue of law, allowable on a case at gen-
eral term, where verdict subject to the opinion of the court, also,
printer's and clerk's fees.....

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543

.... 91

A per centage under the Code allowed in 2d district, where there
has been a trial, but the amount must depend upon the circum-
stances of each case.......

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When general costs allowed on dismissal of appeal, in court of ap-

peals remitted, &c. ....

117

Undertaking, when to provide for costs, &c.............

133

When defendants entitled to costs, though plaintiff succeeds against
one-on joint contract.....

..... 141

When plaintiff may discontinue without costs. Objections to bill
must be made at taxation

....... 141

When costs in discretion of the court-and when not allowed to sep-
arate attorneys, of course

154

Security for costs-when not allowed to defendant, although plain-

tiff a non-resident.....

313

Power of supreme court at general term to make an original order
for retaxation of costs, &c,......

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Effect of reversal, on appeal, of judgment for plaintiff in marine or
justices' courts, as respects defendant's costs, &c. ............ 392
On a case for new trial, granted on terms, on the ground verdict
against evidence-what costs allowed

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Title to lands not in issue by the pleadings, nor necessarily, but actu-
ally proved on the trial, plaintiff not entitled to costs, where he
recovers less than $50......
..... 406

Application for judgment under § 247 is a motion—and motion costs
($10) only, allowed...

451

When trial fee ($12) not taxable on a motion for a new trial-only
motion costs

453

When defendant entitled to costs, in an action on contract, after offer
of judgment......

552

COUNTER-CLAIM-Must be a cause of action on the part of the defend-
ant-sometimes a right of recoupment, &c......

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67

67

120

A right of set-off when considered a counter-claim, &c..
It seems, that judgment upon decision of a demurrer, to an answer
not constituting a counter-claim, is a nullity....
Authority of replying a set-off to a set-off in the answer, &c, .... 148
A trespass by landlord, set up by tenant in action by landlord for
rent, not a counter-claim............
.... 377
Whether, in action at law, Code has extended recoupment, quere?. 377

Index.

DEDICATION.

EDICATION. What conveyances and acts may be considered a dedi-

cation

What constitutes a dedication, and proceedings generally in refer-
ence thereto

-

DEED-Principal not bound to execute, where contract to execute does
not show upon its face that alleged agent had authority to bind
principal..

DEMURRER. New matter in defence, not constituting a counter-claim,

may be demurred to......

A decision" sustaining or overruling a demurrer" to the whole or
part of the complaint, may be appealed from as an order, before
judgment entered ...................

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76

199

12

67

97

... 148

Remedy for insufficient replication is by demurrer-not to strike
out-when demurrer should be resorted to ......
Matter in abatement apparent on the face of the complaint-remedy
is by demurrer

A decision of special term, directing judgment on demurrer to the
whole complaint, cannot be appealed from as an order. (See 97
above, adverse.).........

162

218

But may be appealed from where leave is given to amend, or where
the demurrer is to part of the complaint.....
One distinct cause of action in slander sustained, defeats a general
demurrer to all.....

221

222

Requisites of a demurrer to a complaint, alleging causes of action
not separately stated, &c.

361

DISCONTINUANCE. In all actions where the plaintiff discontinues, he

must enter an order to that effect with the clerk. Sufficiency
of a replication of discontinuance (court of appeals)

When plaintiff may discontinue without costs...

......

EVIDENCE.

85

141

NCE. Ten days' notice of the examination of an assignor as a
witness-applicable to justices' courts ...

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Rules of pleading and evidence under the Code, in actions of slan-
der

79

Defendant may be witness generally-where endorser or assignor of
a promissory note is a witness for plaintiff.......
Newly discovered, will not avail for a new trial, unless diligence is
used
.......... 261

94

Principles upon which the opinions of witnesses will be received as
evidence...

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Index.

PAGE

EVIDENCE. Objections to evidence-when must be taken at trial, or considered waived on appeal, &c.

Co-plaintiff or co-defendant may be sworn as witness for plaintiff or defendant in all cases...

330

...... 385

A witness incompetent to testify as a witness for a party, cannot be readered competent by being made a party to the record....... 395 Assignor may be a witness for assignee in trust for benefit of credit

ors...

395

Title to lands not in issue by the pleadings, nor necessarily, but ac-
tually proved on the trial, plaintiff not entitled to costs, where
he recovers less than $50......
What considered improper evidence on trial in relation to proof of
baggage and merchandize......

406

490

What necessary to show demand of payment and notice of non-pay-
ment, and due protest of a promissory note....
Proof of accord by a defendant must be followed by proof of per-
formance, to be available as a defence......
Proof of a fact by a single witness, uncontradicted, sufficient to sus-
tain verdict, and can not be disregarded by a jury ...... ... 528
An endorser of a note is not an assignor of a thing in action, within
the meaning of § 399 of the Code .....
When such endorser is examined as a witness, the defendant can-
not, under that section, be examined in his own behalf........ 555
What testimony should be produced, before grand jury authorized to
find a bill...

515

528

555

567

EXECUTION—The nature of the action ought to be stated in ......... 37 Sufficiency of an execution against executors, to prevent a levy on their individual property

...........

When an order from surrogate unnecessary, to authorize the issuing

.....

215

..... 215

487

of execution, &c.
Proceedings supplementary to execution (§ 292) not applicable to
judgments against corporations..

When remedy by execution must be exhausted against debtors'
property, before proceedings supplementary to execution can be
instituted

560

EXECUTORS AND ADMINISTRATORS. When administrators may
obtain a decree of surrogate for the sale of real estate, to pay
debts, &c.
Sufficiency of an execution against executors, to prevent a levy on
their individual property, &c. ......

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When unnecessary to procure an order from the surrogate to issue
execution.......

215

What facts in relation to assets in this state sufficient to authorize

Index.

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executors and administrators to take out letters of administra-
tion here of the estate of a non-resident intestate....

532

DILRARY.
LAW SCHOOL

HARVARD

FOREIGN

OREIGN CORPORATIONS-Liable to an action here, upon a bill of

exchange drawn and negotiated in another state, but payable
here

Have a right to bring suits in this state

Provisions of Revised Statutes authorizing suits against, not repealed

by the Code.......

How and when an action may be brought against, under the Code,
and effect of judgment..............

1

....

1

.... 186

Motion to set aside attachment against, may be made first directly
to the court..
When injunction will be allowed restraining insolvent company from
opening their transfer books, &c....................
Powers and duties of foreign corporations-effect of fraudulently
overissuing certificates of stock, &c.
Cannot authorize an agent to perform acts not permitted by its charter 543
A mandamus is not the proper remedy against a corporation or their
agents, who refuse to allow stock to be transferred on the books
of company-the remedy is by action....

.....

.....

FRAUD. An attempt to convert a simple contract claim into a fraud,
should be guarded against by the courts......

A consent of a minor female to a marriage contract obtained by
fraud-marriage a nullity .....

543

543

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When a vendee would rescind the contract of sale in toto for fraud,
he should return or reconvey the property, or offer to do so....
What circumstances considered fraudulent, rather than felonious, in
obtaining possession of personal property........
What facts and circumstances will be considered fraudulent, so as to
invalidate an assignment for the benefit of creditors.....
Where a demand is not disputed, in cases of fraud or contemplated
fraud, a creditor may have injunction and receiver, and his
demand liquidated in one proceeding.

67

125

175

An arrest and imprisonment of a defendant for fraud in the purchase
of goods, and subsequent judgment on contract merely, without
any allegations of fraud in the complaint or judgment, discharges
the defendant from imprisonment

225

259

Final imprisonment for alleged fraud, can not be intended or toler-

ated without an opportunity to test it before a jury............ 259
When promissory note void for fraud in the consideration, &c. .... 363

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