DENSENESS OF POPULATION IN THE CITY. We do not know, that any attempt has ever before been made to show the denseness of population of the city; or, in other words, the number of inhabitants to a given number of square feet. For this purpose, we have constructed the following table; which will enable the reader to form some idea upon the subject. It will be evident to every one who reflects, that perfect accuracy Or, at the rate of 26.10 per cent.-per annum 2.34- respecting it cannot be expected—as, in order to it, evedoubling in 29.89 9 years. ry foot of ground that is occupied by a dwelling and inhabitants must be known. In the formation of this table, we have taken the dimensions, of the different squares, from the table published in our fifth volume, page 320. The space occupied by the principal streets is excluded; but that devoted to the smaller streets and alleys-as Or, at the rate of 57.32 per cent.-4.62 per annum-well as that which is occupied by churches and other doubling in 15.30 years. public buildings, and also public squares and other open grounds--are all embraced in the calculation. In 1800, the city was divided into fourteen wardscontaining in the plot from Vine to South, and from river to river, 50,141,410 square feet. From east to Or, at the rate of 19.96 per cent.-per annum 1.76- west, the city was divided into two parts; of which doubling in 39.86 years. The increase in the CITY From 1790 to 1800 was 12,668, or 44.37 per cent. 1800 1810 12,502, S0.33 1810 1820 1820 1830 10,080, 18.76 City increase in 40 years, 51,906, or181.80 per cent. The WHITE inhabitants in the CITY and COUNTY 1820* Increase in ten years, 173,845 49,599 Fourth street was the dividing line-at which, the eastern wards terminated, and the western wards commenced. In 1825, this dividing line was removed to Seventh street. The first column of the table, therefore, contains the number of square feet in each ward, from 1800 to 1825; and the apportionments made in the second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth columns, are agreeably to that division of the wards. The ninth column shows the number of square feet in each ward, as existing since 1825-according to which, the subsequent apportionment is made. The twelfth column shows the value assessed in each ward, at the last triennial period; and the thirteenth Or, 40.08 per centum-3.42 per annum-doubling in gives the assessed value of each square foot. 20.56 years. Without further explanation we submit the table, The FREE COLOURED inhabitants in the CITY and COUNTY which, at one view, gives some idea of the different In 1830 were 1820 Total increase, O, 31.41 per centum-2.76 per annum-doubling in division of the wards, we have, for that year, only given 25.38 years. In the CITY and COUNTY there were In 1820 1830 Increase, Doubling in 10.88 years!! 6.58 per annum. the total population, and the number of square feet to each inhabitant, viz. 1755. It may be proper here to observe, that when the city and suburbs are spoken of, the limits embraced in the bills of mortality, as nearly as they can be ascertained, are intended. When the increase per annum In this year, 1203 persons not taxed, and 3 slaves, is given, or the duplication mentioned, it is accordare noticed in the census, which we exclude from our calculation, hereafter, as their sex and colour are un-ing to the geometrical ratio at which population aug 1831.] COMPARATIVE VIEW OF POPULATION. 67 TABLE exhibiting the number of square feet in each Ward-the population at each census from 1790 to 1830-and the number of square feet to each inhibitant in the City. Square feet in each, from 1800 to1825 Population in 1790. Census of 1800. Square feet Census of Square feet to each. Census of 1820. Square feet Square feet to division in 1885. Census of 1830. Square ft to each, 1830. Total Western 42,233,471 21198 73 22654 349 23213 340|| 13,424,894 42957 313 15,595,159 1 16 1,711,745 35 1,069,534 23 1,655,472 27 716,918 14 1,357,545 35 1,467,345 39 629,068 7 20022 2109 31068 1359|| 105891038|| 36,716,516 37501 979|| 8,607,627 Total City... 50,141,410 28552||41220|1216||53722 933||63802 786|| 50,141,410'80458 623 24,202,786 The WESTERN WARDS NUMBER OF INHABITANTS TO EACH HOUSE. 23 48 In 1800 contained 20022 inhab., and 2109 sq.ft, to each. 6.348, and houses 6327. In 1810, according to Paxton's By taking from Dock ward Washington square, 291,600 square feet, it will leave 361 square feet to each inhabitant, instead of 416. Take the same dimensions, for Rittenhouse square, from Upper Delaware ward, it will give 216, instead of 319 feet for each inhabitant. If 186,825 square feet, the dimensions of Independence square, be deducted from Walnut ward, it will leave 345, instead of 398. Take the vacant Hospital lot 187,407, and the same for the vacant lot between the Hospital and Alms-house, from Cedar ward, it will leave 1294, instead of 1354 feet. By a late list of the Churches, it appears, they occupy 310,181 square feet, and the numerous burying grounds much more space. In the western wards, there remains much unoccupied ground; and in some of the eastern wards, there are a number of vacant lots, but as we do not pretend to be exact to a foot in our calculations, it is unnecessary to point them out. From 1790 to 1800, there was a decrease of 468 males, or 8.10 per cent.-726 females, or 12.77 per cent. From 1800 to 1810,there was an increase of 3478 males, or 65.49 per cent.-3755 females, or 75 .74 per cent From 1810 to 1820, there was a decrease of 533 males, or 6.06 per cent.-124 females, or 1.42 per cent. From 1820 to 1830,there was an increase of 1743 males, or 21.11 per cent.-1612 females, or 18.77 per cent. Total increase in the County 4220 males; or 73.03 per cent., or 1.38 per annum-4517 females; or 79.40 per cent., or 1.47 per annum. COLOURED POPULATION. The census of 1790, 1800, and 1810, do not designate 100 100.04. this portion of the population; except under the general 102.87. heads of "other persons not taxed" and "slaves;" we are, therefore, compelled to pass over it with merely observing, that there were in the City and County, 2102 not taxed and 387 slaves. 107.50. Per cent. 17, 1424, 100 6014, 100 6273, 100 Females. 10553 39 79. In 1790 In the CITY and COUNTY there were free col'd persons Females. Excess. Mules. Females. €667 Males. In 1820 5217 1450, or 100 to 127.80. 1830 6792 8803 2011, 100 129.60. Increase in 10 years 1575 males; or 30.19 per cent. or 2.62 per annum-2136 females; or 32.03 per cent. or 2.84 per annum. Total increase of both sexes 3711, or 31.22 per cent. In the CITY there were Males. Females. In 1820 3156 4423 1830 4025 5771 Excess. Males. Females. 1267, or 100 to 140.11. 1746, 100 143.37. Increase from 1820 to 1830, 869 males; or 27.50 per cent. or 2.41 per annum-1348 females; or 30.56 per cent, or 2.66 per annum. In the SUBURBS there were Males. Females. Excess. Males. Females. In 1820 1706 1925 219, or 100 to 112.84. 1830 2282 2564 282, 100 112.35. Increase in 10 years 576 males; or 33.76 per cent, or 2.95 per annum-639 females; or 33.19 per cent, or 2.91 per annum. 1830 Increase in 10 years 130 males; or 36.62 per cent. or 3.16 per annum-149 females; or 46.70 per cent, or 3.91 per annum. 27061 41991 Mules. Females. Excess. Males. Females. 6595 6955 360, or 100 to 105 46. 1800 13122 13786 664, 100 105 06. 1810 17604 18217 103.47. 1820 24826 1830 40507 In 1820 In the COUNTY there were Males. Females. $55 319 468 485 613, 100 Excess. Males. Fem. 36, or 100 to 89.86. 100 17, 96.49. 2235, 100 109.00. 1484, 100 103.66. 100 1810 1820 7222 1820 1830 15681 In the CITY and COUNTY there were In 1820 for every 100 free col'd males 127.80 females. 1830 129.60 In 1820 for every 100 white males 110, 21 females. 1830 107.50 100 Increase of males in 30 years 4535; or 95.75 per cent. or 2.27 per annum-4930 females; or 101.38 per cent. or 2.32 per annum. Increase from Males. Per cent. Females. Percent. 1800 to 1810 1075 22.62 1531 31.17. 1810 1820 883 15.15 1830 28.40. From 1820 to 1830, there appears to have been a In 1800 excess of females 127 or 100 males to102.68 fem. decrease of 1279 males; or 19.05 per centum-534 fe 1810 1820 1830 343 100 1092 100 522 100 105.16 113.48 105.63 males; or 6.45 per cent. (Upwards of 50 years of age.) Increase in the 20 years, from 1800 to 1820, 1958 males; or 41.19 per cent. or 1.86 per annum-3361 females; or 68.43 per cent. or 2.65 per annum. Increase in the 30 years, from 1800 to 1830, 679 males; or 14.28 per cent. or 0.446 per annum-2827 females; or 57.56 per cent. or 1.53 per annum. 340 164 608 In 1790 10896 1800 21383 26883 1830 33016 Males. Per cent. Females. Per cent. 38.91 1800 1810 6083 40.18 5056 25.71 1830 1820 6741 25.73 From the preceding statements it appears that in 1790, the male white inhabitants in the city and suburbs, under 16, were in proportion to the whole white population, as 1 to 2.37, and that in the rest of the county it was 1 to 2.18-those above 16 in city and suburbs, were as 1 to 1.71, county 1 to 1.85-that the males of all ages were to the females of all ages, in city and su burbs, as 100 to 106.29 females, county 100 to 98.33that under 10 years of age in 1800, there was an excess of females, and that at every other census the males at that age were considerably in excess,-that the males increased in the 30 years from 1800 to 1830, 128.31 or 2.74, per cent. per annum, and the females, 116.82 or 2.65 annually-that from 1800 to 1810, there was a more rapid increase of both sexes, than at the subsequent period—and that from 1810 to 1820, there was a considerable decrease in the ratio-and in the next period the ratio advanced about 5 per cent on the males, and about 7 per cent. on the females. In 1800,the propor tion of the sexes under 10, was 100 males to 102 females, and in 1830, 100 males to 96.91 females. Between the ages of 10 and 16.—the males increased from 1800 to 1830, 95.75; or 2.27 per annum-while the females increased 101.38, or 2.32-in 1800, the males were as 100 to 102.68, females, and in 1820, they were as 100 to 113.48, and in 1830-100 to 105.63-the males having increased from 1800 to 1810, at the rate of 40.29 per cent.,and the females, 43.68, while from 1820 to 1830, the former increased only 14.47 per cent. and the latter only 6.55. Of the whole white population under 16 years, the excess was constantly in favour of the females, from 1800 to 1820, or 100 males to 102 females,-from 1820 to 1830, there were males 100 to 99 females. Between the ages of 16 and 26, at all the periods the excess is in favour of the females, being in 1800 as 100 males to 108 females, and in 1830 as 100 to 109.86-at this period of life the census of 1830 shows a remark able increase of the population-from 1800 to 1810, the AGES. Under 5 years of age..... From 5 to 10.. 10 to 15. 15 to 20. increase of males was 39.83 per cent. and females 41.91; in 1810 to 1820, only 9.54 for the males and 21.32 for the females-while in the next ten years, viz, from 1820 to 1830, the males increased 135.80, and the females 113.40, probably caused by the addition of em grants between these ages; the increase of the whole 30 years was 261.22 per cent. for the males, or 4.37 annually, and 267,43 per cent. or 4 43 annually for the females. Between 26 and 45-the census of 1800 and of 1810 show an excess in favour of the males, in the other two periods it was in favour of the females-being in 1800, 100 miles to 88 37 females, in 1810, 100 to 96.78, in 1820, 100 to 109.36, and in 1830, 108 32, the whole in crease in 30 years 82.05 for males, or annually 2.02, females, 123. 16 or annually 2.69 From 45 years and upward, the excess is always on the side of the females; in 1800 it was only 158, in 1830 it is 2306, or in 1800, 100 males to 103.32 females-and in 1830, 100 males to 142.45 females. The following table exhibits several views of the white population of the city and county according to the census of 1830. The first column shows the numbers and sexes at the different ages, and the second gives the proportion of the sexes to each other; the 3d column exhibits the proportion of each sex at the different ages, to the whole number of each sex; the4th column furnishes the relative proportion of the whole white population at each age. From this table it appears that the proportion of the females, thus showing that from the period of 50 years males to the females, was an average of 100 of the for- longevity is very much in favour of the females-espemer to 107.50 of the latter—that at the first two periods, cially, in the latter periods of life. The whole number there was an excess of males-that from 10 to 30 there of the males beyond 50, is 5432 or 1 to 15.37 of the is a regularly increasing excess of females, which again whole number of males; 7738 females, or 1 to 11 60 diminishes between the ages of 30 and 40, and then of the whole number of females-the two together being again rises between 40 and 50-from 50 to 60 the ex- 7.59 per cent. of the whole white population upwards cess of females becomes very considerable and rapidly of 50 years of age. Beyond the age of 70, there are increases till between 70 and 80-from this period until only 747 males or 1 to 111.83, of the 83.536 males, and 90 and 100, there is a gradual decrease, but beyond 100 only 1276 females or 1 to 70.37,of the 89.809 females, or years, the population becomes as 100 males to 233.33 | 2023 of both sexes beyond the age of 70 years, being |