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Wad Close.-A dialectic form of woad, a plant used for dying. This spot has perhaps been a place where woad has been grown. It was a crop very exhausting to the land, and tenant farmers were often prohibited from growing it. In many old leases a covenant is found making the growth of woad, otherwise called wad," penal.

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EDWARD PEACOCK.

Wickentree House, Kirton-in-Lindsey.

THE WYKEHAMICAL WORD "Toys" (9th S. xii. 345, 437, 492; 10th S. i. 13, 50).-I should like to thank PROF. SKEAT for the opinion which my solicitation (at the third reference) induced him to express (at the fourth) upon the various derivations assigned to this word. The question, When did the word come into use at Winchester? may perhaps be material to the question, What is its true origin? and for this reason I offer the following evidence that the word was already current among the boys in 1771. I have a manuscript copy of a series of letters written during 1770 and 1771 by a commoner to his brother who was absent from the school on account of illhealth, and the following passage occurs in one of these letters, which is dated Winton, 30 June, 1771 :—

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"The mice have found means to get into the well of your under Toys; and to make a little havock with some of your Papers: your upper Toys I found open, nothing is missing as I can find except the sixth Volume of Pope's Works."

I imagine that the writer meant by "upper Toys" the cupboard which formed the upper part of his brother's bureau, and that this bureau was similar to the bureaux which are sketched in the illustration at p. 20 of Wordsworth's 'The College of St. Mary Winton near Winchester' (1848), and at p. 226 of Walcott's William of Wykeham and his Colleges (1852). (See also the picture of 'Seventh Chamber'in Radclyffe's 'Memorials of Winchester College.') Mr. R. B. Mansfield, no doubt, had bureaux of this kind in his mind's eye when he penned his definition of "toys" which I cited at the third reference. These simple movable bureaux have now been superseded at Winchester generally, if not entirely, by fixed furniture of a somewhat more complex character. The word "toys" has been transferred to this furniture, and accordingly a boy's "toys" now mean, as a rule, certain fixed furniture which has been allotted to him for his own use. Specimens of the old bureaux, however, still exist, and one of them is preserved in the college

museum.

The mere fact that space is occupied by the furniture allotted to each boy does not justify

acceptance of the derivation of "toys" from "Fr. toise-a fathom," which is offered by the authors of the useful book mentioned at the last reference. They give no historical evidence pointing to a connexion between the supposed connexion has been given, it toys" and toise, and until some evidence of seems prudent to abstain from regarding this derivation as satisfactory.

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In view of PROF. SKEAT'S suggestion that the word may be only a peculiar use of the common E. toy," I venture to quote the followItaly' (Hurd's edition of Addison's 'Works,' ing passage from Addison's 'Remarks on vol. ii., 1811, p. 167) :—

"One cannot but be amazed to see such a protables, cabinets, and the like precious toys, in fusion of wealth laid out in coaches, trappings, which there are few princes in Europe who equal them."

tionary, vol. vi., under" toy," with a reference
This passage is cited in the Century Dic-
to Bohn's edition of Addison, i. 504. H. C.

WORDSWORTH (10th S. i. 7, 70).-It may in-
SADLER'S WELLS PLAY ALLUDED TO BY
terest H. W. B. to know that in an unpub-
lished letter from Mary Lamb to Dorothy
this passage:-
Wordsworth, postmarked 11 July, 1803, is

and his sister to Sadlers Wells, the lowest and most
"We went last week with Southey and Rickman
London-like of all (of] any London amusements-
the Giant Killer,' and Mary of Buttermere'! poor
the entertainments were Goody Two Shoes,' Jack
Mary was very happily married at the end of the
piece, to a sailor her former sweetheart-we had a
prodigious fine view of her father's house in the vale
and a lake like nothing at all-if you had been
of Buttermere-mountains very like large haycocks,
with us, would you have laughed the whole time
like Charles and Miss Rickman or gone to sleep as
Southey and Rickman did."

E. V. LUCAS.

of

135, 272, 335, 392, 493; 10th S. i. 32).-—The conRICHARD NASH (9th S. xi. 445; xii. 15, 116, fusion over the so-called Chesterfield epigram has arisen mainly from the fact that there was always (at least for more than one hundred and fifty years) a statue, as now, Beau Nash in the Bath Pump Room, but no picture of him. It was natural that some should conclude that the correct reading was "the statue (not picture) placed the busts between." The lines were, however, written before the statue was carved. When a second assembly room was opened on the Terrace Walk (called, after the lessee, "Wiltshire's") in 1729-30, it was adorned, it is believed, with height of his popularity), which was supa full-length portrait of Nash (then in the ported by the busts of Newton and Pope,

the latter being at the time a frequent visitor. Jane Brereton, who died in 1740, struck by the incongruous combination, wrote the subjoined poem, which is entitled 'On Mr. Nash's picture, full length, between the busts of Sir Isaac Newton and Mr. Pope,' and, as will be seen, it must have formed the basis of the later epigram :—

The old Egyptians hid their wit
In hieroglyphic dress

To give men pains to search for it
And please themselves with guess.
Moderns to tread the selfsame path
And exercise our parts
Place figures in a room at Bath;
Forgive them, God of Arts!

Newton, if I may judge aright,
All wisdom doth express:

His knowledge gives mankind new light,
Adds to their happiness.

Pope is the emblem of true wit,

The sunshine of the mind;
Read o'er his works for proof of it,
You'll endless pleasure find.

Nash represents man in the mass,
Made up of wrong and right,
Sometimes a knave, sometimes an ass,
Now blunt and now polite.

The picture placed the busts between
Adds to the thought much strength:
Wisdom and Wit are little seen,
But Folly's at full length.

Bath.

W. T.

PENRITH (10th S. i. 29).-The editorial note says, "Penrith is still pronounced Perith in the North." As a North-Countryman, I should like to point out that those letters do not in these days, and especially in the South, sufficiently represent the pronunciation. Peerith would be better. By-theby, is Perth (pronounced very similarly in Scotland) a name of the same origin and meaning?

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In the same direction it might be noted that "Peercy is the spelling in many ancient Northern documents of the old surname Percy (e.g., the Peercy Fee," &c.); and presumably "Peercy " would not be pronounced as we usually now pronounce Percy. BALBUS.

ROUS OR ROWSE FAMILY (9th S. xii. 487; 10th S. i. 55).-For Speaker Francis Rous see also 'D.N.B.' and the Rev. Douglas Macleane's History of Pembroke College' (Oxford Historical Society, 1897, pp. 291-6), whereat he founded the existing Eton Scholarship. The College possesses a half-length portrait of him, in which he is represented wearing a tall wide-brimmed hat. There is another

portrait at Eton of Rous in his robes as Speaker. His father Sir Anthony married, as his second wife, the mother of John Pym, the statesman. A. R. BAYLEY.

"CONSTANTINE PEBBLE" (9th S. xii. 506; 10th S. i. 33).-A really excellent illustration and description of the above are to be found under the heading of 'On Cromlechs' on p. 64, vol. vi. of the Saturday Magazine for 14 February, 1835. It commences :

"The accompanying engraving exhibits a view of an insulated rock, popularly termed a Cromlech, standing on a moor in the parish of Constantine, in Cornwall, and called by the people of the country 'The Tolmen.'

The article concludes :

"The Tolmen points due north and south, is 33 feet in length, 18 feet in width in the widest part, and 14 feet 6 inches in depth, 97 feet in circumference, and is calculated by admeasurement to contain 750 tons of stone."

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SALEP OR SALOP (9th S. xii. 448). — The vending of "saloop," as it was more generally called, among the street-barrow men of London, is now, I think, quite an extinct calling. Its use began to be superseded by tea and coffee about the year 1831, up to which time it had supplied the humble needs of the early wayfarers in the same way that coffee does now. It was when coffee became cheaper, with all its accessory adulterations, that it began entirely to displace saloop. See Henry Mayhew's 'London Labour and the London Poor,' 1851, vol. i. p. 191 seq. The beverage was originally made from salep, the roots of Orchis mascula, a common plant of our meadows, the tubers of which, being cleaned and peeled, are lightly browned in

an oven. It was much recommended in the last century by Dr. Percival, partly as containing the largest portion of nutritious matter in the smallest space. John Timbs, F.S.A., the author of 'Something for Everybody' (q.v. p. 200), remembered many saloopstalls in our streets. The date of that work is 1861. J. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL.

MR. CLARK will find a good deal about this concoction in the new edition of Yule's "Anglo-Indian Glossary,' s.v. 'Saleb,' where references are given to articles in N. & Q.' on its modern use. W. CROOKE.

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"LOST IN A CONVENT'S SOLITARY GLOOM (10th S. i. 67) is to be found in Pope's 'Eloisa R. ENGLISH. to Abelard,' 1. 38.

[MR. YARDLEY also refers to Pope.] BIRCH SAP WINE (9th S. xi. 467; xii. 50, 296; 10th S. i. 18).-William Simpson, of Wakefield, in his 'Hydrologia Chymica,' 1669, p. 328, writes:

"If you wound a branch of the birch tree, or lop the bole thereof, in March, if it be done below, near the ground, the latex thence issuing is a mere insipid water; but if a branch of about 3 fingers thickness be wounded to the semidiameter thereof, and fill'd with wooll, it weeps forth a subacid liquor in great abundance, insomuch that in one day such a wounded branch may give 8 or 10 pound of that liquor: concerning the vertue whereof Helmont saith, Qui in ipso lithiasis tormento solatur afflictos, tribus quatuorve cochlearibus assumptis, viz. that it gives help, in the torments of the stone, being taken to the quantity of three or four spoonfulls: which he saith is balsamus lithiasis merus.'

Miscellaneous.

W. C. B.

NOTES ON BOOKS, &c. Admissions to the College of St. John the Evangelist, Cambridge. Part III. 1715-67. Edited, with Notes, by Robert F. Scott. (Cambridge, Deighton, Bell & Co.)

THE Senior Bursar of St. John's has here continued the work which Prof. J. E. B. Mayor began in a manner worthy of his predecessor, and of a splendid foundation. We cannot speak, in fact, too highly of the great care and research which have gone to the elucidation of details in the careers of Johnians. The Register is one of bare names, but by the aid of various sources, including our own columns, parish registers, the Gentleman's Magazine, and other collections known to specialists, a large mass of illuminating detail has been secured. When we add that the indexes are wonderfully complete, including one of counties, another of schools, and two of trades, in English and Latin respectively, it will be seen that the volume is a model of what such a thing should be.

This was an infructuous time in Cambridge history, and these admissions include no names of the highest mark; still they do not fail to interest

us a good deal. Looking for men associated with "" Demosthenes" Taylor, Johnson, we come across the most silent man that the Doctor ever saw, yet one who could change, in the right company, from the laborious student to the festive companion with wonderful rapidity, left forty volumes of commonplace books, played cards well, and was an elegant carver. Soame Jenyns, a review of whose book on The Nature and Origin of Evil' brought Johnson repute, also wrote an Essay on Dancing,' famous in its day, and was by no means such a fool as the Doctor and Boswell made out. Johnson's "most exquisite critical essay" anywhere, as Boswell calls it, its victim and subject never forgave, writing a scurrilous epitaph on his reviewer many years later. Johnians of this time also were Dr. Heberden, who attended Johnson on his deathbed, and the satirist Churchill, whom Boswell defended against the charge of being a blockhead.

Many singular characters appear in these pages, and no one can fail to be struck with the cheerfulness and hilarity which is so frequently noted as a characteristic of these university men. From our own columns is quoted a curious account of the marriage of Robert Lamb, who wrote books on chess and the battle of Flodden, and selected a carrier's daughter he had not seen for many years as his spouse. She was to make herself known to him by walking down the street with a tea-caddy under her arm. She did so, but he was too absentminded to be there, though he met and married her in due course through the intervention of an old Customs-House officer.

An odd forgotten worthy is Dr. John Brown, the author of 'Barbarossa,' a play for which Garrick wrote Prologue and Epilogue, and a book on the manners of the times which in 1757 went through seven editions. His reputation for organizing education was such that he was engaged to go to Russia by the Empress, and given 1,000l. for the journey, which his ill-health prevented. There were very serious people about in these days, too, such as the Hulse of various theological benefactions to the University, who left a will of nearly four hundred pages of closely written manuscript!

Next to Horne Tooke, on whom there are three pages of excellent notes, comes Stephen Fovargue, who in 1770 horsewhipped and kicked a "Jip," as Cole spells it. The Jip died, and Fovargue absconded to France, and played the violin in the streets of Paris as a beggar. Finally, in 1774 he returned "to Cambridge in long dirty ruffles, his hair tied up with a piece of pack-thread, and in a sailor's jacket, and yellow trousers," and was acquitted on the deposition of various doctors, as the college servant had been in ill-health for some time What romance and before being maltreated. adventure such careers, illuminated by the admirable collections of Cole, Nichols, and others, and the exemplary research of the editor of this Register, afford may be guessed from our quotations.

We wish that other great foundations of Oxford and Cambridge would imitate that of St. John the Evangelist in the zealous collection of materials growing every day harder to find.

Songs of the Vine, with a Medley for Maltworms. Selected and edited by William G. Hutchinson. (Bullen.)

THE parentage of this volume constitutes a voucher for its merits. Selected by Mr. Hutchinson, and published by Mr. Bullen, taste and judgment have

presided over its birth, and it is the most enjoyable work of its class to which the enlightened and sympathetic student may turn. Ale and beer songs we have in plenty; but we know not where else to point to so stimulating a collection of bacchanalian lyrics. Not only Mr. Bullen, but the late W. E. Henley has assisted in the task of selection. The opening poem consists of the immortal drinkingsong assigned somewhat dubiously to Walter Mapes. From this, however, one or two stanzas, especially that beginning

Magis quam ecclesiam diligo tabernam, disappear, a matter of which we do not complain, but for which we are sorry. Leigh Hunt's familiar translation is given. Much of this is good. Would not the following be a better rendering of the first

stanza?

In a tavern I propose to end my days a-drinking, With the wine-stoup near my hand to seize when I am sinking;

That celestial choirs may sing, sweet angel voices linking,

God be merciful to one who drank well without shrinking.

The credit of writing the famous "Back and side go bare" is withdrawn from Bishop Still; but the Rev. John Home, of Douglas' fame, is responsible for the praise of claret, and the Rev. John Blacklock, D.D., for that of punch, while Dean Aldrich is credited with the five excellent Reasons for Drinking. Those who supply the remaining lyrics include Lyly, Shakespeare, Jonson, Herrick, Henry Vaughan, Congreve, Dr. Johnson, Sheridan, Goldsmith, Burns, Blake, Thackeray, and innumerable others, besides some few writers of later date. It is a fine collection, truly, almost the only really immortal lyric we fail to see being that concerning "All our men were very merry," which probably does not come into the scheme. A poem assigned to Thackeray, called 'Commanders of the Faithful,' we knew very many years ago in a different form. Permission has been obtained to insert Sir Theodore Martin's (or Aytoun's) Dirge of the Drinker.' We repeat that for those to whom bacchanalian chants appeal the volume will bring unending delight.

with the work an idea of its nature and methods.
A basis is to be found in works such as Cowel's
'Interpreter' and the like, but the general mass
of information is derived from decisions in the
various courts. A preliminary Table of Cases'
occupies over one hundred and twenty closely
printed pages in double columns, to which a 'Table
of Statutes' adds some fifty pages more, other
lists of abbreviations bringing the preliminary
matter up to two hundred and twenty pages.
Sometimes the information given is purely legal,
as when, under 'Cheese,' we are told, with a cross-
cheese contains "no fat derived otherwise than
reference to Margarine,' that what is known as
from milk"; sometimes it seems arbitrary, as when
always mean the whole crew." Sometimes, again,
we find, under Crew,' that "the crew does not
it is of widespread influence, as when we meet the
many definitions of 'Crime.' Often it is technical,
as under headings such as 'Negative Pregnant'
sometimes, again, the information supplied is vir-
tually negative, as when we hear that "the word
indecently' has no definite legal meaning," or
learn that "" negligence' is not an affirmative
word," but is "the absence of such care, skill, and
diligence as it was the duty of the person to bring
to the performance of the work which he is said
not to have performed." Any work that facilitates
reference, and in so doing saves time, is of extreme
importance, and in this respect, as in others, the
present book should be found in every library of
reference, private as well as public.

The Collected Poems of Lord de Tabley. (Chapman & Hall.) THESE collected poems of John Byrne Leicester Warren, third and last Lord de Tabley, are issued without any form of preface or introduction beyond an inserted slip to the effect that a single poem, entitled Orpheus in Hades,' is reprinted from the Nineteenth Century by permission of Mr. [Sir] James T. Knowles. They include, presumably, all that is found worthy of preservation in the volumes issued respectively in 1859 and 1862 under the pseudonym of George F. Preston, and in 1863 and 1868 under that of William Lancaster, the anonymously published tragedies of 'Philoctetes' and 'Orestes,' and the verses subsequently given (1873, 1876) under the The Judicial Dictionary of Words and Phrases writer's own name. Their reappearance has been Judicially Interpreted. By F. Stroud. Second preceded by that of selections, which would, it might Edition. 3 vols. (Sweet & Maxwell.) have been supposed, have sufficed for the requireSINCE the appearance in 1890, from the same pub-ments of the average reader. There is, however, a lishers, of the first edition, Stroud's Judicial class-with which we sympathize-which, if it is to Dictionary' has been enlarged to thrice its original have a poet at all, asks for him in his entirety, size. This is due in part to the amplification of and to this the present volume appeals. Lord de materials. The augmentation of size may, how- Tabley's poems are the products of a thoughtful, ever, be taken as a proof of the utility of a work highly cultivated, and richly endowed mind, which which is, in its way, unique, and has, as its author at its best rises near inspiration. They have been justly observes, neither predecessor nor rival. Its sadly overpraised by writers who should know first and most obvious appeal is to lawyers, to better, but who may be pardoned, perhaps, the the more intellectual and philosophical among desire to find in the dead level of mediocrity of whom it is indispensable. Its aims extend, how- modern verse some promise of better things, and ever, far beyond this limited circle, since it is they owe something to unconscious imitation of the sought to make it "the authoritative Interpreter best models. The subjects are largely classical, but of the English of Affairs for the British Empire.' are not treated in the conventional manner. It is Even here its utility does not end, and the curious, indeed, to encounter a tragedy with the philologist will do well to have it at his hand title of Orestes' containing no mention of Pylades, and consult it as a work independent of, even if Agamemnon, Clytemnestra, or Electra, and yet supplementary to, accepted dictionaries. It is not dealing with the slaying of a mother's paramour. a law lexicon, but a dictionary of words and phrases In observation of nature Lord de Tabley is always which have received interpretation by the judges. at his best. Sometimes, as in The Nymph and Not easy is it to convey to those who are unfamiliar the Hunter,' the subject of which is quasi-classical,

he shows a fervid imagination. His style is frequently too elaborate, but his book deserves, and will receive, a welcome. On a Portrait of Sir John Suckling' (p. 277) is an interesting poem. To it is appended a foot-note making a promise which is nowhere fulfilled.

The Cathedral Church of St. Patrick. By J. H. Bernard, D.D. (Bell & Sons.)

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To "Bell's Cathedral Series" has been added a volume on the cathedral church of St. Patrick, Dublin, compiled by the Dean. In addition to the miscellaneous documents contained in the Dignitas Decani' which were used by Monck Mason in his 'History of St. Patrick's Cathedral,' the Patent Rolls and Papal Registers published under the direction of the Master of the Rolls have been laid under contribution, so that the volume is complete as regards historical information. In addition to illustrations from Monck Mason's monumental work, from Ware's Antiquities,' from Malton's Dublin,' and from Whitelaw's History of Dublin,' the work is enriched by photographic views, reissues of ancient prints, and reproductions of brasses, &c. A list of the Deans of St. Patrick's, from William FitzGuido in 1219 to the writer of the present volume, is appended. These, of course, comprise Philip Norris, 1457, excommunicated by Pope Eugenius IV.; William King, subsequently Archbishop; and Jonathan Swift. The bust of the last named in Carrara marble, presented in 1775 by a nephew of Alderman Faulkner, is also given. Swift's remains are buried in the nave. Of Stella, who is buried near Swift, the Dean says, "Her sad and strange history has never been fully revealed to the world, and her relations with the Dean [Swift] will, probably, always be a mystery." How to Decipher and Study Old Documents. By EE. Thoyts (Mrs. John Hautenville Cope).

(Stock.)

TEN years have elapsed since the appearance of Mrs. Cope's useful and well-arranged volume (see 8th S. iv. 160), and a second edition is now forthcoming. For the young student it is probably the most serviceable work in existence. The old introduction of Mr. Trice Martin is reproduced. In her preface the author answers the objection we advanced in our previous notice against her second chapter on handwriting, and insists that a careful study of every line and letter is useful, a statement we are prepared to accept. We had, indeed, no notion then, nor have we now, of censure, the book for its purpose being entitled to high praise. We hope Mrs. Cope will long continue her labours, and sometimes, as she has done previously, favour us with the results.

THE Record of the Summer Excursions of the Upper Norwood Athenæum for 1903 is full of interest. The places visited include Clandon and Merrow, when Mr. Charles Wheeler, the chairman for the year, conducted. The manor of West Clandon dates back to Edward II. The house was imparked in 1521, and in the days of Charles I. enlarged and improved by Sir Richard Onslow. "The present mansion was built by Thomas, the second Earl, in 1731, from designs by Giacomo Leoni, a Venetian." The next ramble was to Warnham Court, Mr. Henry Virgoe being the leader. The manor was held by William de Saye in 1272. Its present possessor is Mr. Charles T. Lucas. The party afterwards visited the new

Christ's Hospital Schools at Horsham, erected at a cost of 300,000. The buildings contain "forty miles of hot-water pipes and ninety-eight miles of electric_wires." Another place visited was Holmbury Camp, when Mr. T. H. Alexander read a paper. Mr. William Frederick Potter took the ramblers to Bexley Heath and Crayford. Crayford Church is remarkable for its nave, which "has the down the centre, abutting against the chancel arch." very singular plan of a row of columns and arches Mr. W. T. Vincent, the antiquary, of Woolwich, informed Mr. Potter "that he believes the only other example of this kind in England is in the church at Grasmere, Westmoreland." At Bexley the Red House. erected by William Morris in 1859, was visited. It was of this house that Rossetti wrote in 1862, "Above all, I wish you could see the house Morris has built for himself in Kent. It is a most noble work in every way, and more a poem than a house, such as anything else could lead you to conceive, but an admirable place to live in, too." In another trip Mr. Frank E. Spiers conducted the last of his series of visits to Oxford. Mr. G. H. Quartermain's excursion was to Roydon and Nether Hall. Selsdon Park, as well as Redbourne and Hemel Hempstead, by the editors, form interesting papers, as also does Horton and Wraysbury,' by Mr. Theophilus Pitt, who has been chosen as the future editor of the annual transactions, to succeed Mr. J. Stanley and Mr. W. F. Harradence, who have ably edited the Record' during the past eleven years. We cordially wish the new editor

like success.

Notices to Correspondents.

We must call special attention to the following notices:

and address of the sender, not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith.

ON all communications must be written the name

WE cannot undertake to answer queries privately. To secure insertion of communications correspondents must observe the following rules. Let each note, query, or reply be written on a separate slip of paper, with the signature of the writer and such address as he wishes to appear. When answering queries, or making notes with regard to previous entries in the paper, contributors are requested to put in parentheses, immediately after the exact heading, the series, volume, and page or pages to which they refer. queries are requested to head the second com Correspondents who repeat munication "Duplicate."

STEER-HOPE ("Nelson's Signal ").-See the authorities quoted at 8th S. xi. 405; xii. 9.

H. CECIL BULL.-"Kismet" equals fate. For "Facing the music" see the articles in 8th S. ix., x. CORRIGENDA.-Ante, p. 18, col. 2, 1. 15, for "voiz read voix. P. 65, col. 1, 1. 7 from foot, for "Janes" read James.

NOTICE.

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Editorial communications should be addressed to "The Editor of Notes and Queries ""-Advertisements and Business Letters to "The Publisher"-at the Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery Lane, E.C.

We beg leave to state that we decline to return communications which, for any reason, we do not print; and to this rule we can make no exception.

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