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Wildish rejoins, "This was enough to make any man a wit," and the elder man continues, "Pooh! this was nothing. I was a critic NOTES: Shadwell's Bury Fair, 221-William of Wyke- at Blackfriars; but at Cambridge, none so ham, 222-Jonson's 'Alchemist,' 223-Foreign EnglishHenry Cole-Nicholas Harpsfield-John Harpsfield, 224- great as I with Jack Cleveland. But Tom The Last of the War Bow--Names of our English Kings-Randol(ph) and I were hand and glove: Tom J. R. Green on Freeman-"Go for "-Last Peer of France -"Fulture"-First Steam Railway Train, 225. QUERIES:-Townshend Pedigrees - Luke King, Deputy Catskin Muster Master-Mrs. Lane and Peter PindarEarls - Boer War of 1881-Game of State-Powell of Birkenhead - Northall, Shropshire - Rodney's Second Wife-Franco-German War, 226-Speakers of the Irish House of Commons - Leper Hymn-Writer-"A frog he Chelsea "There was a man would a-wooing go Physic Garden-Kick the bucket"- Robina Cromwell-Dr. Samuel Hinds - Charles V. on Languages Bishop Sanderson-Oprower-Samuel Shelley, 227-Leap Year-Field-names, Brightwalton, Berks-"Flowers the alphabet of angels"-Dickens Queries - Periodicals for Women-"Mustlar": "Muskyll," 228. REPLIES:-Tideswell and Tideslow, 228-The Wreck of the Wager-Football on Shrove Tuesday, 230-Rue and Tuscan Pawnbrokers, 231-Charles the Bold" Pannage and tollage"-"Cockshut time" Recommended to Mercy -Epitaph on Sir John Seymour-"Son confort et liesse" Silly Billy," 232- Salep February 30-Earl of Egremont, 233-Sir Christopher Parkins-Army of Lincoln The eternal feminine," 234-"Drug in the market ""He who knows not," &c.-Curious Christian Names, 235 -French Miniature Painter-Browning's Text-"Morale' Auncell," 237-Mess Dress: Sergeants' Sashes-Japa nese Names, 238. NOTES ON BOOKS:-Waller's Hobbes's 'Leviathan'— Great Masters'-Lucas's 'Works of Charles and Mary Lamb'-Coleridge's Works of Byron-Booksellers' Cata logues. Notices to Correspondents. Notes. SHADWELL'S 'BURY FAIR.' IN this play, produced in 1689, Act I. scene i., Oldwit is made to say :— "I myself, simple as I stand here, was a wit in the last age: I was created Ben Jonson's son, in the Apollo. I knew Fletcher, my friend Fletcher, and his maid Joan. Well, I shall never forget him; I have supped with him at his house on the Bankside: he loved a fat loin of pork of all things in the world. And Joan his maid had her beer-glass of sack; and we all kissed her, i' faith, and were as merry as passed." As Thomas Shadwell was born about 1640 was a brave fellow; the most natural poet!" John Cleveland, the Cavalier poet, had entered Christ's College in 1627, and was Fellow of St. John's 1634-45; Thomas Randolph, poet and dramatist, went up from Westminster to Trinity 1623, and in 1632 left Cambridge for London. Randolph, who was "the classed by his contemporaries among most pregnant wits of the age," died within three months of his thirtieth birthday: "his haire, according to Aubrey, was of a very light flaxen, almost white. It was flaggy, as by his picture before his booke appeares. He was of a pale, ill complexion and pock-pitten." Again, in Act II. scene i., in an altercation with his wife, Lady Fantast, Oldwit says: "Shall I, who was Jack Fletcher's friend, Ben Jonson's son, and afterwards an intimate crony of Jack Cleaveland and Tom Randolph, have kept company with wits, and been accounted a wit these fifty years, live to be deposed by you?" And again : "I, that was a Judge at Blackfriars, writ before Fletcher's Works and Cartwright's, taught even Taylor and the best of them to speak?" The first collected edition of Beaumont and Fletcher's plays appeared in 1647; the plays and poems of William Cartwright in 1651. The latter died in 1643, aged thirty-two, student of Christ Church, where he is buried. The Taylor mentioned above is, no doubt, the actor Joseph Taylor, of the Globe and He is mentioned in Blackfriars Theatres. the list prefixed to the First Folio Shakespeare as one of the twenty-six principal actors, playing possibly, among other parts, Hamlet and Iago. He acted also in the plays of Shadwell's favourite dramatist Ben Jonson, and in those of Beaumont and Fletcher. Dryden, in his defence of the Epilogue to his great ten-act play The Conquest of Granada.' derides, in his majestic way, the species of would-be wits of which Oldwit is notable specimen. The comedies of the Restoration excel those of the last age; a "and this will be denied by none, but some few old fellows who value themselves on their acquaintance with the Black Friars; who, because they saw their plays, would pretend a right to judge ours. The memory of these grave gentlemen is their only plea for being wits. They can tell a story of Ben Jonson, and, perhaps, have had fancy enough to give a supper in the Apollo, that they might be called his sons; and, because they were drawn in to be laughed at in those times, they think themselves now sufficiently entitled to laugh at ours. Learning I never saw in any of them; and wit no more than Henry Aas as a brother of John Longe, and they could remember. In short, they were unlucky is not certain if the name of Longe is a to have been bred in an unpolished age, and more unlucky to live to a refined one. They have lasted patronymic or only an appellation of the beyond their own, and are cast behind ours; and individual's stature, nor does he give the not contented to have known little at the age of Christian name of the man who married twenty, they boast of their ignorance at three Agnes, the supposed sister of Bishop Wykeham. Moreover, there seems to be no record that William of Wykeham was ever known by the name of William Longe. This account, therefore, of Bishop Wykeham's parentage is by no means conclusive. score. It is in this essay while condescendingly contrasting the Elizabethan drama with that of his own day, to the disadvantage of the former-that he says "Shakespeare showed the best of his skill in his Mercutio; and he said himself, that he was forced to kill him in the third act, to prevent being killed by him. But, for my part, I cannot find he was so dangerous a person; I see nothing in him but what was so exceeding harmless, that he might have lived to the end of the play, and died in his bed, without offence to any man.' But elsewhere his praise of Shakespeare is noble and discriminating; and the modern reader of Dryden's heroic plays may echo "without offence" the author's own lines in the Prologue to 'Aureng-Zebe,' where he says he himself " grows weary of his long-loved mistress, Rhyme." Whence it appears that Glorious John had seen fit to revise the opinion given by Neander, his counterpart, in 'An Essay of Dramatic Poesy,' that, blank verse being too low for tragedy, riming couplets are the only wear suitable for heroic plays. And, indeed, the blank verse of 'All for Love' is a great relief after the perpetual jingle of Aureng-Zebe' or 'The Conquest of Granada,' fine though the lines generally are. The mental ear aches with the "damned iteration": the fatal facility of the poet gives no rest to his readers. WILLIAM OF WYKEHAM. WHO were the parents of William of Wykeham, Bishop of Winchester 1367-1404, founder of Winchester College and of New College, Oxford? The account of the Bishop of Winchester in the 'Dictionary of National Biography' is doubtless the latest we have of him, and there it is stated that his parents were John Longe and Sibilla Bowade his wife, the same as recorded by Bishops Lowth and Moberly. Bishop Lowth is doubtful as to the exactness of the account he gives of Bishop Wykeham's family, for in the chart pedigree contained in his life of Wykeham he names It is shown in the account of Bishop Wykeham in the 'D.N.B.' that "he was not the great architect he had been almost universally considered, that he made no mark as a statesman, and the list of his books does not point to any superfluity of learning." Bishop Lowth states that he does not appear to have studied at any university, and therefore had no academical degree. What could have been the cause, then, of such a man as this (apparently the son of quite humble parents, and not endowed by nature with extraordinary talent nor by education with great learning) rising to so high a position in the State as he did, amassing sufficient wealth to build and endow the great school at Winchester and a college at Oxford during his lifetime, and to leave at his death ample estate to establish the family who adopted the name of Wykeham in place of their own? I venture to suggest that the true parentage of Bishop Wykeham has not yet been disclosed, and that John Longe and Sibilla his wife were the foster-parents of the bishop, and not his actual father and mother-that Wykeham was not his family name. There are several Wykehams mentioned in the bishop's will, but except those who were born Perots and adopted the name of Wykeham, he calls none of them cousins, as he does the descendants of Henry Aas and John and Alice Archemore, nor does he go beyond the generic term "cousin or "kinsman" in speaking of any of his supposed relations. Bishop Lowth says: "We must allow Wykeham to have been what the Romans call Novus homo, so with regard to his surname he might be strictly and literally the first of his family." A nothus would be the first of his family, and there appear to be so many difficulties in deciding to what family Bishop Wykeham belonged, that it is doing him no injustice if we suppose him to have been a nothus. No fault of his if he was such. Bishop Lowth also says: "Conscious to himself that his claim to honour was unexceptionable, as founded upon truth and |