78. A farmer carried seventy guineas to market, and brought 201. 10s. 6d. home; what sum did he spend ? Ans. 52l. 19s. 5d.4.

79. From a bar of silver, weighing 5lb., an artist contrived to file off unperceived a piece weighing 4oz. 3dwt. 2gr.; what was the weight of the bar after this operation? Ans. 4lb. 7oz. 16dwt. 22gr.

80. A blacksmith bought 7 tons of iron, out of which he worked up during the first week 17cwt. 2qr. 114lb.; what quantity had he remaining? Ans. 6t. 2cwt. 1qr. 164lb. 81. An apothecary mixed several drugs into a compound, weighing 3 23 13 2– 10gr. and after supplying his patients, he had 1 53 23 2⇒ 12gr. of the compound left; what quantity did he send out? Ans. 1 83 63 2 18gr.

82. A pedestrian engaged to travel 17 miles in 3 hours, on foot, but was obliged to give up at the distance of 4m.*5fur. 16p. short of his journey's end; what distance did he travel? Ans. 12m. 2fur. 24p.

83. Through the middle of a park, containing 127 acres, a canal was cut, which occupied 19a. 3r. 37p.; what quantity of land did the park contain after this was accomplished? Ans. 107a. 3p.

84. A shop-lifter purloined 14yds. 3qr. In. of ribband from off a roll of 37 yards; what quantity did he leave? Ans. 22yd. 3n. 85. A ship of 200 tons burthen has already taken on board goods which occupy 38 cubic feet more than 158 tons; how much more is wanting to complete her lading?

Ans. 41t. 4f.

86. A countryman had a rundlet of elder wine, and after treating his friends and neighbours, he bottled off the remainder, which was only 8gal. 2qt. 1pt. 3gills; what quantity did the good folks drink? Ans. 9gal. 1qt. 1gill.

87 By the leaking of a beer-butt, which was full at the first, 12gal. 3qt. 1ipt. was lost; what quantity remained in the butt after this accident? Ans. 95gal. pt.

88 Two cart-horses thrust their heads into a bin, containing 3 quarters of oats, and had eaten, before they were detected, 3pk. 1gal. 2qt. 1pt.; how much did they leave in the bin? Ans. 2qr. 7bu. 1qt. 1pt.

89. A watch, which usually goes 27 hours after winding up, stopped 8h. 13m. 43" short of the time; how long did the watch keep going? Ans. 18h. 46m.17′′.

COMPOUND MULTIPLICATION.

89. Compound Multiplication teaches how to multiply com pound numbers by simple ones.

90. When the multiplier does not exceed 12.

RULE. Having written the multiplier under the lowest denomination of the multiplicand, multiply each denomination by it, beginning at the lowest, and reduce the several products as they arise to the next higher denomination; set down each remainder under its proper denomination, and carry the integers to the next succeeding product.

f The reason of this rule is plain from the first example, as may be seen by multiplying each denomination separately, reducing the several products to the highest denomination possible, and adding all the results together.

92, TROY WEIGHT.

26. Multiply 4lb. 5oz. 6dwt, 7gr. by 7.

Explanation.

Here I say, 7 times 7 are 49 grains, which make 2 dwts. and 1 grain over; put down 1, and carry 2; then 7 times 6 are 42 and 2 carried 44 dwts. which make 2oz. and 4 dwts. over; put down 4, and carry 2; next 7 times 5 are 35 and 2 carried 37 ounces, which make 3 lb. and I oz. over; put down I and carry 3; lastly, 7 times 4 are 28 and 3 carried 31; put it down.

Explanation.

- First, 8 times 8 are 64, or 3 scruples and 4 over to put down; then 8 times 2 are 16 and are 19 scruples, or 6 drams and 1 scruple over to put down; then 8 times 7 are 56 and 6 are 62 drams, or 7 ounces and 6 drams over to put down; next 8 times 10 are 80 and 7 are 87 ounces, or 7 pounds, and 3 ounces over to put down; lastly, 8 times 5 are 40 and 7 are 47 to put down.