applies the term all to a part; and scouting arguments have no force, unless the scouters be men of reflexion, judgment, and candour.

Of the difference between the superior and inferior classes of Romanists, the following is an instance. A labouring peasant, who took the title of captain Gormaghan, went one Sunday morning into the house of the Rev. Samuel Francis, rector of Killegny, and after threatening to cut off the arm of a son of Mr. Francis, because he could not dextrously sign his forehead with a cross in the Romanist manner, drove out the whole family before him to the Romish chapel, declaring that no religion, except that alone which God permitted, must any longer be professed. The Fitzhenry family, who formed part of the congregation, were at this scene evidently affected with deep concern, which they endeavoured to conceal from the unfeeling crowd. They advised in whispers the distressed family to endeavour to hide their grief from the fanatic mob; and administered such comfort as the fear of offending the ignorant bigots permitted. That this captain Gormaghan has never been molested since the rebellion, is a strong proof of the moderation of the protestants of this parish; as also one Michael Wicken, and one Philip Dillon, who insisted on having these protestants put to death,

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and foamed with rage when the rest of the Romanists would not consent to it.*

To regard the Romanists of Ireland as all alike bigotted and disloyal, I must consider as highly unjust. I know that the ignorant multitude think their own religion the only one admitted by God, and that to suppress all others is meritorious. Some perhaps of a rank above the vulgar, admit the same doctrine, which, however, must be inwardly rejected by every reflecting person who takes reason for his guide; and such are certainly to be found among Irish Romanists. Many military officers, I believe, can testify for the good behaviour of the Roman Catholic soldiers under their command, in the time of the rebellion; and I think that many protestant clergymen will admit, that they recover their tithes with much less trouble from Romanists than from any other people of religious denomination, not excepting even those of the established church. The author of the narrative of transactions at Killala, so often already quoted, speaks of many Romanists of property in that quarter unwilling to take arms against

* This account of the behaviour of the Fitzhenrys I had from Mr. Francis's eldest daughter.

I find that this captain Gormaghan, who committed this outrage on Mr. Francis and his family, behaved remarkably well to some other protestants; but I can find no good account of Wicken or Dillon.

the British government; I believe that many such may be found in the south of Ireland also. But if they have in general a dislike to protestants and to British government, unkindness cannot remedy the evil. I choose not at present to enter into this subject farther, than to add, that some objections to certain measures with respect to the Romanists of Ireland seem to be removed with the local parliament of this island.

In the above quoted page Sir Richard has made a mistake, which probably himself has corrected before this. He reckons Messrs. Codd and Walsh, of Enniscorthy, among the rebel commanders, and tacitly fixes the censure on William Codd, who is well known to have behaved with loyalty, and to have had no connexion in this business with Walsh. In the next page, he has made a trifling mistake in considering John Henry Colclough as the only Romanist of his family, and a person debased by religious bigotry. The branch of family to which he belonged were all Roman catholics; and he was certainly in an uncommon degree liberal in religious matters, and a foe to bigotry.

We are not to consider all as indubitable facts, which have been sworn by the lower sort of peo ple against prisoners on trial; some evidences of this description being, on these occasions, far enough from being unexceptionable. Thus, that Thomas Clooney, as was sworn on his trial,

ordered the church of Old Ross to be burned, and when he saw it in flames, exclaimed, that "the devil's house was then burning," appears to me very doubtful.

The facts asserted in the affidavits and narratives of respectable persons, such as Mrs. Heydon, (see page 95-97 of the appendix) are absolutely unquestionable: but other facts might also be related, which in some cases would give a somewhat different complexion to affairs. Thus the massacre of thirty-six protestants on Bloody Friday, affirmed in the affidavit of James Pippard, deputy sovereign of Gorey, (page 147) is unquestionable: but we are not informed in this affidavit, that a considerable number of Romanists had that day been put to death, in and about Gorey, some of whom were kinsmen of those who were most active afterwards in this massacre of the protestants. But, perhaps, the reader will say, these Romanists who had been slaughtered were rebels. Doubtless some of them were, and well deserved their fate; yet the feelings of rebels and their kinsmen may be similiar to those of loyalists, and they may in like manner endeavour to retaliate. That all, however, were guilty, may be doubtful, since a few, who were brought into the town for slaughter, were liberated at the intercession of some humane yeomen, who knew them to be innocent. One Toole, who was one of the most active in this massacre of the pro

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testants, has since been acquitted in a trial by jury from the circumstances of the case. unfortunate affair, in which some of the best and most inoffensive protestants of the country lost their lives, originated from a mistake in general Needham's express, and the temerity of a few, as I have already related. Notwithstanding the fury of the rebels on this occasion, they spared the lives of some who fell into their hands, particularly John Nun, Esq. of Gorey. The execution of revenge by one party, excites a spirit of revenge in the opposite; and if both protestants and Romanists would attend, as much as I wish them, to the essentials of Christianity, they would exchange complete forgiveness mutually, and live in that harmony which their common Redeemer has in his doctrines recommended.

COPY OF A LETTER OF DOCTOR CAULFIELD, TO JAMES BOYDE, ESQ. WEXFORD.

SIR,

WITH equal surprise and concern I have lately been told, that it is whispered about, you have many grievous charges against me, as many as would hang fifty men. If this report be founded in truth conscious innocence presses me to request, and I expect from your candour, that you will have the goodness to let me know it; for I do not, nor will I skulk, or fly from justice, or the laws. I shall be here, or in the neighbourhood,