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solved, at the moment of its formation, into hydrofluate of strychnine and silicic anhydride (Si ̧ O ̧).

The other special reagents of the present and two preceding groups are

REACTIONS.

Al2

Cr2

U2

TABLE OF

Fe

(see page 109) (see page 113) (see page 117) (see page 120)

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NOTE. means that the precipitate formed by the reagent

*

means that a precipitate occurs, not of the salt

not known to give any characteristic reactions with solutions of strychnine salts.

Strychnine is usually detected by its reaction with chromic acid.

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(see page 125) (see page 129) (see page 132) (see page 136) (see page 140)|

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added is similar in composition to that above it. indicated opposite in the first column, but of the hydrate.

In the Table which we append to this group we have purposely unfrequently, but are generally asso

Analysis of

The metals of more common occurrence only being included,
IRON (ferrous or ferric), MANGANESE,

Dissolve in hydrochloric acid; boil with a few drops of nitric acid, and ammonia.

A precipitate may contain

Uranium, Aluminium, Chromium, or Iron.

The precipitate is washed, and digested with carbonate of ammonium in the cold, then filtered; if not wholly dissolved, we infer the

absence of Uranium,

confirmed

by adding acetic acid

presence of

Aluminium, Chromium, or Iron.

Redissolve in hydrochloric acid, and add excess of hydrate of potassium; if the precipitate at first formed is finally entirely dissolved, we infer the

and ferrocyanide of potas

sium.

*

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* If a precipitate is in any case obtained, the reactions

omitted to mention the rarer metals, since they not only occur ciated also with but few other bodies.

Subdivision III.

the salt may be one of URANIUM, ALUMINIUM, CHROMIUM, NICKEL, COBALT, or ZINC.

add some quantity of solution of chloride of ammonium, and excess of

No precipitate will indicate the presence of
Manganese, Nickel, Cobalt, or Zinc.

Add sulphide of ammonium, wash any precipitate which may form thoroughly, dissolve it in nitro-hydrochloric acid, and add excess of hydrate of potassium; the formation of any precipitate will indicate the

absence of Zinc.

This may

be con

presence of

Manganese, Nickel, or Cobalt.

Redissolve in HCl, and add excess of carbonate of am

firmed by monium; the formation of no precipitate indicates the

observing

that hydro

sulphuric

absence of

acid pro- Manganese.

duces no

*

precipitate in this

solution,

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must be referred to, and confirmatory tests chosen.

SUBDIVISION IV.

SALTS OF CADMIUM, COPPER, SILVER, MERCURY, LEAD, BISMUTH, PALLADIUM, TIN, ANTIMONY, ARSENIC, PLATINUM, RHODIUM, RUTHENIUM, IRIDIUM, OSMIUM, GOLD, TUNGSTEN, MOLYBDENUM, AND VANADIUM.

The metals of this subdivision bear a very great resemblance to those of the last group, both in the number and the composition of the insoluble salts which they form: two members, indeed, of the present subdivision, cadmium and copper, differ in but few particulars from the general chemical characters of iron, nickel, cobalt, and zinc; but some metals of this class form insoluble chlorides and iodides, as copper and mercury (cuprous and mercurous chlorides), and also silver, lead, and platinum (argentic, plumbic, and platinous chlorides). As a general rule, however, the salts of the present and of the preceding subdivision correspond very closely in relative solubility and insolubility, the chlorides, sulphates, silicofluorides, &c. of the fourth subdivision being soluble like those of the third, while the chromates, hydrates, carbonates, sulphydrates, sulphides, &c. are insoluble, at least for the most part, and thus resemble the similar salts of the third group. The great characteristic which enables us to arrange the metals whose names are given above into a distinct group, is the precipitation of their sulphides by hydrosulphuric acid gas, not only from neutral, but also from acid solutions, the ready solubility of the sulphides of the former subdivision in acids being, it will be remembered, one of its distinguishing features. But, in addition to this, a new peculiarity manifests itself in the deportment of the sulphides of the present group, by means of which its further division into sections is effected. The peculiarity alluded to, is the solubility of a great number of these sulphides in alkaline sulphides, and the insolubility (under the same conditions) of the remainder,

A new feature is also to be observed in the members of this group, namely, their ready decomposition with precipitation of metal by the introduction of a sheet or bar of certain metals

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