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romance a few years earlier than he actually flourished. He was warden of the western marches ; and from the rigor with which he repressed the Border excesses, the name of Belted Will Howard is stilf famous in our traditions. In the castle of Naworth, his apartments, containing a bedroom, oratory, and library, are still shewn. They impress us with an unpleasing idea of the life of a lord warden of the marches. Three or four strong doors, separating these rooms from the rest of the castle, indicate prehensions of treachery from his garrison; and the secret winding passages, through which he could privately descend into the guard-room, or even into the dungeons, imply the necessity of no small degree of secret superintendance on the part of the goAs the ancient books and furniture have remained undisturbed, the venerable appearance of these apartments, and the armour scattered around the chamber, almost led us to expect the arrival of the warden in person. Naworth Castle is situated near Brampton, in Cumberland. Lord William Howard is ancestor of the earls of Carlisle.

vernor.

Lord Dacre-Verse 6, p. 79.

The well known name of Dacre is derived from the 'exploits of one of their ancestors at the siege of Acre or Ptolemais, under Richard Cœur de Lion

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There were two powerful branches of that name The first family called lord Dacres of the south, held the castle of the same name, and are ancestors to the present lord Dacre. The other family descended from the same stock, were called lord Dacres of the north, and were barons of Gilsland and Graystock. A chieftain of the latter branch was warden of the west marches during the reign of Edward VI. He was a man of a hot and obstinate character, as ap pears from some particulars of lord Surrey's letter to Henry VIII. giving an account of his behaviour at the siege and storm of Jedburgh. It is printed in the Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border, appendix to the introduction.

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The German hagbutmen-Ver. 6, p. 79.

In the wars with Scotland Henry VIII. and his successors employed numerous bands of mercenary troops. At the battle of Pinky, there were in the English army six hundred hack-butteers on foot, and two hundred on horseback, composed chiefly of foreigners. On the 27th September, 1549, the duke of Somerset, lord Protector, writes to the lord Dacre, warden of the west marches: "The Almains, in number two thousand, very valiant soldiers, shall be sent to you" shortly from Newcastle, together with Sir Thomas Holcroft, and with the force of your

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wardenry (which we would were advanced to the most strength of horsemen that might be,) shall make the attempt to Loughmaben, being of no such strength but that it may be skailed with ladders, whereof, beforehand, we would you caused secretly some number to be provided; or else underminded with the pyke-axe, and so taken: either to be kept for the king's majesty, or otherwise to be defaced, and taken from the profits of the enemy. And in like manner the house of Carlaverok to be used." Repeated mention occurs of the, Almains, in the subsequent correspondence; and the enterprise seems finally to have been abandoned from the difficulty of providing these strangers with the necessary "victuals and carriages" in so poor a country as Dumfries-shire. History of Cumberland, vol. i. Introd. p. 61. From the battle-pieces of the ancient Flemish painters, we learn that the Low Country and German soldiers marched to an assault with their right knees, bared And we may also observe, in such pictures, the extravagance to which they carried the fashion of ornamenting their dress with knots of ribband. This custom of the Germans is alluded to in the Mirrour for Magistrates, p. 121.

Their pleited garments therewith well accord, All jagde and frounst, with divers colours dect.

His ready lances Thirlestane brave

Arrayed beneath a banner bright--Ver. 8, p. 80% Sir John Scott of Thirlestane flourished in the reign of James V. and possessed the estates of Thirdestane, Gamescleuch, &c. lying upon the river of Ettricke, and extending to St Mary's Loch, at the head of Yarrow. It appears that when James had assembled his nobility, and their feudal followers, at Fala, with the purpose of invading England, and was as is well known, disappointed by the obstinate refusal of his peers, this baron alone declared him self ready to follow the king wherever he should lead. In memory of his fidelity, James granted to his family a charter of arms, entitling them to bear a border of fleurs-de-luce similar to the treasure in the royal arms, with a bundle of spears for the crest ; motto Ready, aye, Ready. The charter itself is printed by Nisbet, but his work being scarce, I inš sert the following accurate transcript from the ori ginal in the possession of the Right Honorable Lord Napier, the representative of John of Thir lestane.

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56 We James, be the grace of God king of Scottis, consider and the faith and guid servis of of of *

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right traist friend John Scott of Thirlestane, quha cummand to our hoste at Soutra Edge, with three score and ten launcieres on horseback of his friends and followers, and beand willing to gang with us in to England, when all our nobles and others refuised, he was readdy to stake all at our bidding; ffor the quhilk cause, it is our will and we doe straitlie command and charg our lioa herauld, and his deputis for the time beand, to give and to graunt to the said John Scott, ane Border of fleure de lises aboute his coate of armes, sik as is on our royal banner, and al sua ane bundell of launces above his helmet, with thir words, Readdy aye Readdy, that he and all his aftercummers, may bruik the samine, as a pledge and taiken of our guid will and kyndnes for his treue worthiness; and thir our letters seen, ye nae wayes failzie to do. Given at Ffalla Muire, under our hand privy cashet, the xxvii day of Jully, mc and xxxxii zeires. By the king's graces speciall ordi❤ Ja. ARSKINE."

nance.

On the back of the charter is written,

"Edin. 14 January, 1713. Registered conform to the act of parliament made anent probative writs, per M'Kaile, pror. and produced by Alexander Bothwick, servant to Sir William Scott of Thirles tanę. M. L. J.”

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