Colombo, Balthazar, of Cuccaro, loses his cause in
respect to the heirship of Columbus, 240.
—, Juan, commander of one of Columbus's ships
on his third voyage, 136.

Colombos, the navigators, an account of, 245; cap-
ture of the Venetian galleys, 246.
Columbus, Bartholomew, accompanies Bartholomew
Diaz along the coast of Africa, 112; an account of
his proceedings, 113; arrives at Valladolid, ib.;
sent to assist his brother with three ships, ib. ; char-
acter of, ib.; is invested by Columbus with the title
and authority of Adelantado, 114; attends his
brother in his expedition against the Indians of the
Vega, 121; goes to the mines of Hayna, 128'; is in-
vested with the command on the return of Colum-
bus to Spain, ib. ; takes Porras prisoner, 136; sails
to meet his brother, 141; account of his administra-
tion during the absence of Columbus, 144; sends
300 Indians to Spain to be sold as slaves, ib. ;
erects the fortress of San Domingo, 145; pays a
visit to Behechio, 146; his reception, ib.; demands
a tribute, ib.; establishes a chain of military posts,
ib.; causes several Indians who had broken some
Christian images, etc., to be burnt, 147: marches
against the Caciques, who had formed a conspiracy
against the Spaniards, 148; causes them to be
seized, ib.; pardons most of them, ib.; again
visits Behechio to receive the tribute of cotton, 149;
his skill in government, ib. ; a conspiracy formed
against him by Roldan, 150; narrowly escapes
assassination, 151; repairs to the Vega in relief of
Fort Conception, ib.; his interview with Roldan,
152; is shut up in Fort Conception, 153; relieved
by the arrival of Coronal, ib. ; publishes an amnesty
to all who return to their duty, ib.; marches against
Guarionex, who has rebelled, 154; his campaign in
the mountains of Ciguay, ib.; releases the wife of
one of the Caciques when he had taken with May-
obanex, 155; favorable consequences of this, ib.;
his vigorous proceedings against the rebels engaged
in the conspiracy of Guevara and Moxica, 168; is
put in irons by Bobadilla, 174; accompanies Colum-
bus on his fourth voyage, 185; waits on the Gov-
ernor of Ercilla, ib.; takes possession of Cape
Honduras in the name of the sovereigns of Castile,
188; lands at Cariari, 189; forms a plan to seize
Quibian, 197; does so, with his wives and chil-
dren, ib.; Quibian escapes, ib.; and attacks in
return, 198; is finally compelled to remove the
settlement to another place, 199; is in great dan-
ger, ib.; compelled to embark with his brother and
all his men, 200; sets sail from St. Domingo for
Spain with his brother, 222; proceeds to court to
urge the justice of the king, 225; accompanies his
brother to court, ib. ; goes to represent his brother
on the arrival of the new king and queen of Castile,
227; is sent out to St. Domingo by Ferdinand to
admonish his nephew, Don Diego, 238; is presented
with the property and government of Mona for life,
etc., ib.; dies at St. Domingo, ib. ; his character,
b.
Columbus, Christopher, account of his birth, parent-
age, and education, 8; early life of, ib.; his first
voyage, 9; engages in the service of Reinier, King
of Naples, ib.; alters the point of the compass of his
ship to deceive his discontented crew, ib. ; engaged
in the Mediterranean and the Levant, 10; said to
be appointed captain of several Genoese ships in the
service of Louis XI., ib.; his gallant conduct when
sailing with Colombo the younger, ib.; goes to
Lisbon, where he takes up his residence, 10, 12;
picture of his person, ib. ; early character, ib.; be-
comes enamored of Dona Felipa Monis de Pales-
trello, whom he marries, ib. ; becomes possessed of
his father-in-law's charts, journals, etc., ib.; re-
moves to the island of Porto Santo, 13; becomes
acquainted with Pedro Correo, a navigator of note,
ib.; is animated with a wish to make discoveries,
ib. grounds on which he founds his belief of the
existence of undiscovered countries in the West,
14; correspondence of Columbus with Paulo Tos-

canelli, 16; makes a voyage to the north of Europe,
ib.; the astrolabe having been applied to naviga-
tion, Columbus proposes a voyage of discovery to
John II., King of Portugal, 20; this proposition is
referred to a junto charged with all matters relating
to maritime discovery, ib.; who regard the project
as visionary, ib.; the king then refers it to his coun
cil, ib.; by whom it is condemned, 21; a ship is
secretly sent in the direction proposed, but returns,
ib.; Columbus's indignation, ib.; loses his wife,
ib.; quits Portugal, ib.; goes to Genoa and pro-
poses his project to the government, ib. ; it is re-
jected, ib.; visits his father, ib.; supposed by
some to have carried his plan to Venice, 22; arrives
in Spain, and requests a little bread and water at a
convent of Franciscan friars, 29; the prior detains
him as a guest, ib. ; and invites Garcia Fernandez
to meet him, ib. ; gives him letters of introduction
to Fernando de Talavera, Queen Isabella's con-
fessor, ib.; sets out for Cordova, 22; arrives there,
23; finds it impossible to obtain a hearing, ib.;
the queen's confessor regards his plan as impossi-
ble, ib.; maintains himself by designing maps and
charts, 28; is received into the house of Alonzo de
Quintanilla, 23; introduced to the Archbishop of
Toledo, 24; who gives him an attentive hearing,
ib.; becomes his friend and procures him an audi-
ence of the king, ib.; who desires the prior of Prado
to assemble astronomers, etc., to hold conference
with him, ib.; Columbus appears before the assem-
bly at Salamanca, ib. ; arguments against his theory,
25; his reply, ib. ; the subject experiences procras-
tination and neglect, 26; is compelled to follow the
movements of the court, 27; his plan recommended
by the Marchioness of Moya, 27, 30, 31; receives
an invitation to return to Portugal from John II.,
27; receives a favorable letter from Henry VII. of
England, ib.; distinguishes himself in the cam-
paign of 1489, and is impressed deeply with the
arrival and message of two friars from the Soldan
of Egypt relative to the Holy Land, 28; determines
to devote the profits arising from his intended dis-
covery to the purpose of rescuing the holy sepul-
chre from the hands of the infidels, ib.; council of
learned men again convened, ib. ; who pronounce
the scheme vain and impossible, ib.; receives a
message from the sovereigns, ib. ; has an audience
of the sovereigns, ib. ; leaves Seville in disgust,
29; forms a connection with Beatrix Enriquez, 24;
applies to the Duke of Medina Sidonia, who rejects
his plan, 22; applies to the Duke of Medina Celi,
who is prevented from acceding to his plan from a
fear of the court, ib. ; returns to the convent of La
Rabida, 29; Alonzo Pinzon offers to pay his ex-
penses in a renewed application to the court, ib. ;
returns at the desire of the queen, 30; witnesses
the surrender of Granada to the Spanish arms, ib. ;
negotiation with persons appointed by the sover-
eigns, ib.; his propositions are considered extrav-
agant, ib.; are pronounced inadmissible, ib., ;
lower terms are offered him, which he rejects, 31 ;
the negotiation broken off, ib. ; quits Santa Fé, ib. ;
Luis de St. Angel reasons with the queen, ib.; who
at last consents, ib.; a messenger dispatched to
recall Columbus, ib. ; he returns to Santa Fé, 32;
arrangement with the Spanish sovereigns, ib. ; his
son appointed page to Prince Juan, 33; he returns
to La Rabida, ib.; preparations at the Port of
Palos, and apprehensions there relative to the
expedition, ib. ; not a vessel can be procured, ib. ;
they are at last furnished, ib. ; Columbus hoists his
flag, 34; sails, 35; prologue to his voyage, ib. ;
an account of the map he had prepared previous to
sailing, ib.; difficulties begin to arise, 36; arrives
at the Canaries, ib.; comes in sight of Mount
Teneriffe, ib. ; arrives at Gomera, ib. ; the news
which reached him there, ib. ; alarm of his sailors
on losing all sight of land, ib. ; begins to keep two
reckonings, 37; falls in with part of a mast, ib. ;
notices a variation of the needle, ib.; his opinoin
relative to that phenomenon, ib.; they are visited

by two birds, ib. ; terrors of the seamen, ib. ; sees
large patches of weeds, ib.; his situation becomes
more critical, 38; part of his crew determine,
should he refuse to return, to throw him into the
sea, 39; false appearance of land, ib., 40; his
crew become exceedingly clamorous, 41; the as-
sertion that he capitulated with them disproved,
ib.; his address to the crew, ib. ; sees a light, 42;
land discovered, ib.; the reward for land adjudged
to him, it. ; lands on the island of St. Salvador,
ib.; which he takes possession of in the name of
the Castilian sovereigns, ib.; the surprise of the
natives, ib.; gold first discovered, 43; recon-
noitres the island, 44; takes seven of the inhab-
itants to teach them Spanish that they might be-
come interpreters, ib.; discovers Santa Maria de
la Concepcion, ib.; discovers Exuma, 45; dis-
covers Isabella, ib.; hears of two islands called
Cuba and Bohio, 46; sails in search of the
former, ib; discovers it, ib.; takes formal pos-
session, ib.; sends two Spaniards up the country,
48; coasts along the shore, ib.; return of the
Spaniards with their report, 49; goes in search
of the supposed island of Babeque, 50; discovers
an archipelago, to which he gives the name of the
King's Garden, 51; desertion of Alonzo Pinzon,
ib.; discovers St. Catharine, in which he finds
stones veined with gold, ib, ; specimen of his style
in description ib.; reaches what he supposes to be
the eastern extremity of Asia, ib.; discovers His-
paniola, ib.; its transcendent appearance, 52;
enters a harbor, to which he gives the name of St.
Nicholas, ib.; a female brought to him who wore
an ornament of gold in her nose, ib. ; coasts along
the shores, 55; is visited by a Cacique, ib.; re-
ceives a message from Guacanagari, 56; his ship
strikes upon a sand-bank in the night, 57; some
of his crew desert in a boat, ib. ; the ship becomes
a wreck, and he takes refuge on board a caravel,
ib.; receives assistance from Guacanagari, ib. ;
transactions with the natives, ib.; is invited to the
residence of Guacanagari, 58; his affectionate re-
ception of him, ib. ; his people desire to have
permission to remain in the island, 59; he forms
the plan of a colony and the design of construct-
ing a fortress, ib. ; and of returning to Spain for
reinforcements, ib.; entertained in the most hos-
pitable manner by Guacanagari, 60; who pro-
cures for him a great quantity of gold previous to
his departure, ib. ; his address to the people, ib, ;
gives a feast to the chieftains, 61; sails, ib.
coasts toward the eastern end of Hispaniola, 62
meets with Pinzon, ib.; Pinzon's apology, ib.
account of the Ciguayens, 63; the first native blood
shed by the whites, ib.; account of the return voy-
age, 64; encounters violent storms, ib.; the crew
draw lots who shall perform pilgrimages, 65; two
lots fall to the admiral; vows made, ib. ; commits
an account of his voyage in a barrel to the sea, ib. ;
land discovered, ib. ; which proves to be the Azores,
ib.; transactions at St. Mary's, 66; receives sup-
plies and a message from the governor, ib.; at-
tempted performance of the vow made during the
storm, ib.; the seamen taken prisoners by the rab-
ble, headed by the governor, ib.; the governor's
disgraceful conduct, ib.; seamen liberated, ib.;
cause of the governor's conduct, ib.; violent gales,
67; lots for pilgrimages again cast, ib.; arrives
off Cintra, in Portugal, ib.; writes to the sovereigns
and the King of Portugal, ib. ; is summoned by a
Portuguese admiral to give an account of himself,
ib.; effect of his return at Lisbon, ib. ; receives an
invitation from the King of Portugal, 68; inter-
view with the king, ib.; jealousy of the king excited,
ib.; a proposition to the king by some of his court-
iers to assassinate Columbus and take advantage of
his discoveries, ib. ; rejected by the king, 69; dis-
graceful plot of the king to rob Spain of the newly
discovered possessions, ib. ; his interview with the
Queen of Portugal, ib.; enters the harbor of Palos,
ib.; account of his reception there, ib. ; arrival of

Pinzon, ib.; receives an invitation from the sover-
eigns at Barcelona, 70; his reception on the road,
71; is received in a magnificent manner by the
courtiers, ib.; and the sovereigns, ib. ; his vow in
respect to the holy sepulchre, ib. ; the manner in
which his discoveries were received throughout
Europe, 72; a coat of arms given him, ib.; the
manner in which he receives the honors paid to him,
73; preparations for a second voyage, 74; agree-
ment made with the sovereigns, 75; powers with
which he is invested, ib.; takes leave of the sov-
.ereigns at Barcelona, ib.; arrives at Seville, 77;
prepares for the voyage, ib.; ideas of Columbus and
the people relative to the New World, ib.; inso-
lence of Juan de Soria, 78; conduct of Fonseca,
ib.; departure on his second voyage, 79; anchors
at Gomera, 80; gives sealed instructions to the com-
mander of each vessel, ib.; sees a swallow, ib.;
encounters a storm, ib. ; sees the lights of St. Elmo
ib.; discovers the Caribbee Islands, ib.; takes
possession of them, ib.; discovers Guadaloupe,
ib.; transactions there, 81; cruises among the
Caribbees, 82; arrives at Hispaniola, 84; at the
Gulf of Samana, ib.; anchors at Monte Christi,
ib.; arrives at La Navidad, ib.; is visited by
a cousin of the Cacique, ib.; learns a disaster
which had occurred at the fortress, ib. ; visits Gua-
canagari, 86; abandons La Navidad, 88; founds
the city of Isabella at Monte Christi, 89; falls sick,
ib.; sends Alonzo de Ojeda to explore the interior
of the island, ib. ; dispatches twelve ships to Spain,
90; requests fresh supplies, ib.; recommends
Pedro Margarite and Juan Aguado to the patronage
of the government, ib.; recommends a curious plan
in respect to an exchange of Caribs for live stock,
91; recommendation of Columbus in respect to
the Caribs, ib.; his conduct in respect to Diaz's
mutiny, 92; consequences, ib. ; sets out on an ex-
pedition to the mountains of Cibao, ib. ; erects a
fortress of wood among the mountains, 94; re-
turns to Isabella, 98; receives unpleasant intelli-
gence from Pedro Margarite, 99; sickness in the
colony, ib.; puts his people on short allowance,
ib.; offends the Hidalgos, by making them share
the common labors of the colony, ib.; distributes
his forces in the interior, 100; gives the command
of them to Pedro Margarite, ib.; his instructions to
that officer, ib.; instructs Margarite to surprise and
secure Caonabo, 101; his conduct in respect to
Haytian thieves, ib.; sails for Cuba, ib.; visits
La Navidad, 102; arrives at St. Nicholas, ib.; lands
at Guantanamo, ib. ; anchors at St. Jago, 103; sails
in search of Babeque, ib.; discovers Jamaica, ib. ;
received in a hostile manner, ib.; takes possession
of the island, ib. ; amicable intercourse with the
natives, ib.; returns to Cuba, 104; lands at Cabo
de la Cruz, ib.; encounters a storm, ib. ; becomes
engaged in a most difficult navigation, ib.; discovers
an archipelago, to which he gives the name of the
Queen's Gardens, ib.; hears of a province called
Mangon, which greatly excites his attention, 105;
coasts along the southern side of Cuba, ib. ; en-
counters a dangerous navigation in a white sea,
106; sends parties to explore the interior of the
country, ib.; deceives himself in respect to what
he wishes, 107; fancies he has arrived on that
part of Asia which is beyond the boundaries of the
Old World, laid down by Ptolemy, 108; anticipates
returning to Spain by the Aurea Chersonesus,
Taprobana, the Straits of Babelmandel, and the Red
Sea, or the coast of Africa, ib.; returns along
the southern coast of Cuba, in the assurance that
Cuba was the extremity of the Asiatic continent,
ib.; discovers the island of Evangelista, ib.; his
ship runs aground, 109; sails along the province of
Ornofay, ib. ; erects crosses in conspicuous situa-
tions to denote his discoveries, ib. ; is addressed by
an Indian, ib. ; takes an Indian with him, 110; his
ship leaks, ib.; reaches Santa Cruz, ib.; coasts
along the south side of Jamaica, ib; his ship
visited by a Cacique and his whole family, ib.;

who offer to accompany him to Spain to do homage
to the king and queen, III; he evades this offer,
ib.; coasts along the south side of Hispaniola,
ib.; makes an error in reckoning, 112; arrives at
Mona, ib.; is suddenly deprived of all his facul-
ties, ib.; arrives at Isabella, ib. ; is joined by his
brother Bartholomew, ib. ; invests him with the title
and authority of Adelantado, 114; is visited by
Guacanagari, who informs him of a league formed
against him by the Haytian Caciques, 117; his
measures to restore the quiet of the island, ib.;
wins over Guarionex, and prevails upon him to
give his daughter in marriage to Diego Colon, 118;
builds Fort Conception in the territories of Guario-
nex, ib.; Caonabo is delivered into his hands by
Ojeda, ib.; he puts him in chains, 119; his interview
with him, ib.; his anxiety relieved by the arrival
of Antonio de Torres, ib.; sends home specimens
of gold, plants, etc., and five hundred Indian pris-
oners to be sold as slaves, 120; undertakes an expe-
dition against the Indians of the Vega, ib.; a battle
ensues, 121; the Indians defeated, ib.; makes a
military tour through various parts of the island, and
reduces it to obedience, ib.; imposes a tribute, 122;
refuses the offer of Guarionex to cultivate grain,
instead of paying in gold, ib.; erects forts, ib.; the
natives having destroyed the crops, are hunted and
compelled to return to their labors, 123; account
of the intrigues against Columbus in the court of
Spain, 124; charges brought against him, ib.; his
popularity declines in consequence, ib,; measures
taken in Spain, ib.; Aguado arrives at Isabella to
collect information relative to the state of the col-
ony, 126; his dignified conduct at his first interview
with Aguado, ib. ; the Caciques prefer complaints
against him, 127; he resolves on returning to Spain,
ib. ; a violent hurricane occurs previous to his de-
parture, which sinks six caravels, ib. pleased
with the discovery of the gold mines of Hayna, ib;
orders a fort to be erected, 128; invests his brother
with the command, ib. ; sails for Spain, ib.; arrives
at Guadaloupe, 129; his politic conduct there, ib. ;
leaves Guadaloupe, ib. ; a famine on board the ships
130; his magnanimous conduct, ib,; arrives in
Spain, ib.; his representation of things, ib.; writes
instructions for the conduct of Bartholomew, ib. ;
invited to court, 131; favorably received, ib. ; pro-
poses a third voyage of discovery, ib.; the king
promises him ships, ib.; delays and their causes,
ib.; refuses the title of duke or marquess, and a
grant of lands in Hispaniola, 132; terms on which
he was to sail. 153; honors bestowed upon him, ib. ;
his respect and love for Genoa, ib. ; makes his will,
ib.; odium thrown upon his enterprises, 134; plan
to which he was compelled to resort to procure men
for his third voyage, ib.; in consequence of delays,
he almost resolves to give up all further enterprise,
ib.; chastises a minion of Fonseca, 135; consequen-
ces of this chastisement, ib.; sets sail, ib.; his
opinion in respect to a continent in the Southern
Ocean, ib.; arrives at Gomera, 136; retakes a
Spanish ship, ib.; is seized with a fit of the gout,
ib.; arrives among the Cape de Verde Islands, ib. ;
sees the island Del Fuego, ib.; arrives under the
line, ib.; the heat becomes intolerable, and he alters
his course, ib.; discovers Trinidad, 137; discovers
Terra Firma, ib.; steers along the coast of Trini-
dad, 138; difficulty in respect to a rapid current,
ib.; enters the Gulf of Paria, ib.; suffers from a
complaint in the eyes, 140; discovers the islands of
Margarita and Cubagua, 141; exchanges plates,
etc., for pearls, ib.; his complaint in the eyes in-
creases, ib.; arrives at Hispaniola, ib.; his brother
sails to meet him, ib.; his constitution seems to
give way, ib.; his speculations relative to the coast
of Paria, 142; polar star augmentation, ib.; doubts
the received theory of the earth, ib.; accounts for
variation of the needle, 143; difference of climate,
ete., ib.; arrives at San Domingo, 156; state of
his health on arriving at Hispaniola, ib.; state
of the colony, 157; negotiates with the rebels,

ib.; offers free passage to all who desire to return
to Spain, 158; offers a pardon to Roldan, which is
received with contempt, b.; writes to Spain an
account of the rebellion, etc., and requires a judge
and some missionaries to be sent out, ib.; writes a
conciliating letter to Roldan, 159; interviews with
Roldan, 160; issues a proclamation of pardon, ib. ;
receives proposals, which he accedes to, 161; goes
on a tour to visit the various stations, ib.; receives
a cold letter from the sovereigns, written by Fonseca,
ib.; the former arrangement with Roldan not hav-
ing been carried into effect, enters into a second,
162; grants lands to Roldan's followers, ib.; con-
siders Hispaniola in the light of a conquered coun-
try, 163; reduces the natives to the condition of
villains or vassals, ib. ; grants lands to Roldan, ib. ;
determines on returning to Spain, ib.; but is pre-
vented by circumstances, ib. ; writes to the sover-
eigns, entreating them to inquire into the truth of
the late transactions, ib.; requests that his son
Diego might be sent out to him, 164; sends Roldan
to Alonzo de Ojeda, who has arrived on the west-
ern coast on a voyage of discovery, ib. ; his indig-
nation at the breach of prerogative implied by this
voyage, 165; hears of a conspiracy entered into
against him by Guevara and Moxica, 166; seizes
Moxica, 168; and orders him to be flung headlong
from the battlements of Fort Conception, ib. ; vigor-
ous proceedings against the rebels, ib.; beneficial
consequences, ib.; visionary fancy at night, ib.;
representations at court against him, 169; his sons
insulted at Granada, ib. ; the queen is offended at
his pertinacity in making slaves of those taken in
warfare, ib.; and consents to the sending out a
commission to investigate his conduct, 170; Boba-
dilla is sent out, ib.; and arrives at St. Domingo,
171; his judgment formed before he leaves his
ship, ib.; he seizes upon the government before
he investigates the conduct of Columbus, 172;
Columbus is summoned to appear before Bobadilla,
173; goes to St. Domingo without guards or retinue,
and is put in irons and confined in the fortress, 174;
his magnanimity, ib.; charges against him, 175:
jubilee of miscreants on his degradation, ib.; his
colloquy with Villejo, previous to their sailing,
ib.; sails, ib. ; arrives at Cadiz, 176; sensation in
Spain on his arrival in irons, ib. ; sends a letter to
Donna Juana de la Torre, with an account of his
treatment, ib.; indignation of the sovereigns at read-
ing this account, 177; is invited to court, ib. ; his
gracious reception there, ib. ; his emotion, ib.; is
promised a full restitution of his privileges and dig-
nities, ib.; disappointed in receiving them, ib. ;
causes, 179; his interests ordered to be respected
in Hispaniola by Ovando, 181; remembers his
vow to furnish an army wherewith to recover the
Holy Sepulchre, 182; endeavors to incite the sov-
ereigns to the enterprise, ib.; forms the plan for
a fourth voyage, which is to eclipse all former
ones, 183; writes to Pope Alexander VII., 184;
manuscript copy of, ib. ; takes measures to secure
his fame by placing it under the guardianship of his
native country, ib.; sails from Cadiz, 185; arrives
at Ercillo, ib.; at the Grand Canary, ib.; at St. Do-
mingo, 186; requests permission to shelter in the
harbor, as he apprehends a storm, ib. ; his request
refused; a violent hurricane soon after sweeps the
sea, in which, he and his property are preserved,
and several of his bitterest enemies overwhelmed,
ib.; encounters another storm, 187; discovers
Guanaga, ib.; a Cacique comes on board his ship
with a multitude of articles, the produce of the coun-
try, ib.; selects some to send them to Spain, ib. ;
is within two days' sail of Yucatan, 188; natives
different from any he had yet seen, ib.; voyages
along the coast of Honduras, ib.; encounters vio-
lent storms of thunder and lightning, ib.; voyage
along the Mosquito shore, 189; passes a cluster of
islands, to which he gives the name of Lemionares,
ib.; comes to an island, to which he gives the
name of La Huerta, or the Garden, ib. ; transac-

tions at Cariari, ib.; voyage along Costa Rica,
190; speculations concerning the isthmus of Ve-
ragua, 191; discovery of Puerto Bello, 192; discov-
ery of El Retrete, ib.; disorders of his men at
this port, and the consequences, ib. relinquishes
the further prosecution of his voyage eastward, 193;
returns to Puerto Bello, ib. ; encounters a furious
tempest, ib.; near being drowned by a water-spout,
194; returns to Veragua, ib; regards gold as one
of the mystic treasures, ib.; is nearly being wrecked
in port, ib. ; gives his name to the mountains of
Veragua, 195; sends his brother to explore the
country, ib.; which appears to be impregnated with
gold, ib.; believes that he has reached one of the
most favored ports of the Asiatic continent, 196;
commences a settlement on the River Belen, ib. ;
determines on returning to Spain for reinforce-
ments, ib.; is stopped by discovering a conspiracy
of the natives, 197; sends his brother to surprise
Quibian, ib.; who is seized, ib.; and afterward
escapes, ib.; disasters at the settlement stop his sail-
ing, 193; some of his prisoners escape, and others
destroy themselves, 199; his anxiety produces de-
lirium, 200; is comforted by a vision, ib.; the
settlement is abandoned, and the Spaniards embark
for Spain, ib.; departure from the coast of Veragua,
201; sails for Hispaniola, ib.; arrives at Puerto
Bello, ib.; at the entrance of the Gulf of Darien,
ib.; at the Queen's Gardens, ib. ; encounters an-
other violent tempest, 202; arrives at Cape Cruz,
ib. at Jamaica, ib. ; runs his ships on shore, ib. ;
arranges with the natives for supplies of provisions,
ib.; his conversation with Diego Mendez to in-
duce him to go in a canoe to St. Domingo, ib. ;
Mendez offers to go, ib.; Columbus writes to
Ovando for a ship to take him and his crew to His-
paniola, 203; writes to the sovereigns, ib.; Men-
dez embarks, 204; the Porras engage in a mutiny,
205; the mutiny becomes general, 206; is confined
by the gout, ib.; rushes out to quell the mutiny,
but is borne back to the cabin by the few who remain
faithful, ib.; the mutineers embark on board ten
Indian canoes, ib.; provisions become exceedingly
scarce, 207; employs a stratagem to obtain supplies
from the natives, ib.; another conspiracy is formed,
ib.; arrival of Diego de Escobar from Hispaniola
on a mission from the governor, promising that a
ship shall soon be sent to his relief, ib. ; overtures
of the admiral to the mutineers, 211; not accepted,
ib.; they send a petition for pardon, 212; it is
granted, ib.; two ships arrive from Hispaniola,
213 departure of Columbus, 221; arrives at
Beata, ib.; anchors in the harbor of St. Domingo,
ib.; is enthusiastically received by the people, ib. ;
is grieved at the desolation he sees everywhere
around him, ib. ; finds that his interests had been
disregarded, 222; sets sail for Spain, ib.; en-
counters several tempests, ib.; anchors in the
harbor of St. Lucar, ib.; finds all his affairs in con-
fusion, 223; is compelled to live by borrowing, ib. ;
writes to King Ferdinand, ib.; but, receiving un-
satisfactory replies would have set out from Seville,
but is prevented by his infirmities, ib.; death of
Queen Isabella, 224; is left to the justice of Ferdi-
nand, 225; employs Vespucci, ib.; goes with his
brother to court, then held at Segovia, ib. ; is re-
ceived in a very cold manner, ib.; Don Diego de
Deza is appointed arbitrator between the king and
the admiral, 226; his claims are referred to the
Junta de Descargos, ib.; is confined with a violent
attack of the gout, ib.; petitions the king that his
son Diego may be appointed in his place, to the
government of which he had been so long deprived,
ib.; his petition remains unattended to, ib. ; writes
to the new King and Queen of Castile, 227; who
promise a speedy and prosperous termination to
his suit, ib. ; his last illness, ib.; writes a testa-
mentary codicil on the blank page of a little bre-
viary, ib.; writes a final codicil, ib.; receives the
sacrament, 228; dies, ib.; his burial, ib.; his re-
mains removed to Hispaniola, ib.; disinterred and

conveyed to the Havana, ib. ; epitaph, ib. ; observa-
tions on his character, ib.; his remains removed
with great ceremony to Cuba, 235; reflections
thereon, 236; historical account of his descendants,
ib.; an important lawsuit relative to the heirship
(in the female line) to the family titles and property,
240; decided in favor of Don Nuno Gelves de
Portugallo, ib.; an account of his lineage, 242;
an account of his birthplace, 243; an account of
the ships he used, 257; an examination of his route
in the first voyage, 258; the effect of the travels of
Marco Polo on his mind, 264; his belief in the
imaginary island of St. Brandan, 270; an account
of the earliest narratives of his first and second voy-
ages, 279; his ideas relative to the situation of the
terrestrial paradise, 282; his will, 283; his signa-
ture, 285.

Columbus, Don Diego, character of, 92; intrusted
with the command of the ships during the expe-
dition of Columbus to the mountains of Cibao, ib. ;
made president of the junta, IoI; reproves Pedro
Margarite for his irregularities, 115; the Hidalgos
form a faction against him during the absence of
his brother, ib.; returns to Isabella, 126; a conspiracy
formed against him by Roldan, 150; left in com-
mand at St. Domingo, during the tour of Columbus,
161; his conduct on the arrival of Bobadilla, 171;
seized by order of Bobadilla, thrown in irons, and
confined on board of a caravel, 173.

-

Don Diego (son to Christopher), appointed page
to Queen Isabella, 134; embarks with his father on
his second expedition, 184; left in charge of his
father's interests in Spain, ib.; his ingratitude to
Mendez, and falsification of his promise, 213; his
character, 236; succeeds to the rights of his father,
as viceroy and governor of the New World, ib. ;
urges the king to give him those rights, ib.; com-
mences a process against the king before the Council
of the Indies, ib.; the defence set up, ib. ; the suit
lasts several years, ib. ; becomes enamored of Doña
Maria Toledo, ib.; a decision, in respect to part
of his claim, raises him to great wealth, ib.; mar-
ries Doña Maria, niece to the Duke of Alva, ib. ;
through this connection he obtains the dignities and
powers enjoyed by Nicolas de Ovando, ib.; em-
barks for Hispaniola, 237; keeps up great state,
ib.; becomes embroiled with some of his father's
enemies, ib.; the court of royal audience estab-
lished as a check upon him, ib.; opposes the re-
partimientos, 238; his virtues make him unpop-
ular, ib.; subjugates and settles the island of Cuba
without the loss of a single man, ib. ; sails for
Spain to vindicate his conduct, ib. ; is well re-
ceived, ib.; the death of Ferdinand, ib. ; obtains
a recognition of his innocence of all charges against
him from Charles V., ib. ; and has his right ac-
knowledged to exercise the office of viceroy and
governor in all places discovered by his father, ib. ;
sails for St. Domingo, where he arrives, 239; diffi-
culties he has to encounter, ib.; African slaves hav-
ing been introduced and most cruelly used, they re-
volt, ib.; are subdued, ib. ; is accused of usurping
too much power, ib.; receives in consequence a
severe letter from the Council of the Indies, ib. ;
and is desired to repair to court to vindicate him-
self, ib.; sails, lands, and appears before the court
at Victoria, ib. ; clears himself, ib.; prosecutes
his claims, ib.; follows the court from city to city,
ib.; is attacked by a slow fever, ib.; dies, ib.; his
family, 240.

Columbus, Fernando (son to Christopher), accompa
nies his father on his fourth voyage, 185; his
father's encomium on him, 225; embarks for His-
paniola with Don Diego, 237; an account of him,
241; writes a history of his father, ib.

-, Don Luis (son to Don Diego), prosecutes the
claims of his father and grandfather, 240; compro-
mises all claims for two titles and a pension, ib. ;
dies, ib.

Commerce, despotic influence of the Spanish crown
in respect to, 75, 181.

Compass, the, brought into more general use, II.
Conception, Santa Maria de la, discovery of, 44.
-, Fort, erected by Columbus, 118; present state
of, 151.

Contradictions, the coast of, 194.

Convicts who had accompanied Columbus, conduct
of, in Hispaniola, 180.

Copper hatchets seen among the Indians of Guanaca,
187.

Coral found in Veragua, 192.

Cormorants, large flights of, seen on the south coast
of Cuba, 107.

Coronel, Pedro Fernandez, sails for Hayti with two
ships, 134; arrives at St. Domingo with supplies,
153; is sent to persuade Roldan to return to his
duty, ib.

Correo, Pedro, a navigator of note, with whom Colum-
bus becomes acquainted, 13.

Cortez, Hernando, conduct of Fonseca to, 280.
Costa Rica, Columbus sails along the, 190.
Cotabanama, Cacique of Higuey, 114; massacres
eight Spaniards, 217; Ovando marches against him,
ib.; sues for peace, ib.; visits the Spanish camp,
213; another war ensues, ib.; cruelty to his tribe,
219; takes shelter with his wife and children in a
large cavern, ib.; his rencounter with Juan Lopez,
ib.; is overpowered and chained, 220; sent to St.
Domingo and hanged, ib.

Cotton, where first seen in the western hemisphere,
43; seen in large quantities in Cuba, 49; tribute
of, 122.

Cranes, flocks of large, seen in Cuba, 107.

Creation, ideas in respect to the, entertained by the
Haytians, 96.

Crocodiles found at El Retrete similar to those of the
Nile, 192.

Crosses erected by Columbus to denote his dis-
coveries, 109.

Crusade to recover the holy sepulchre proposed by
Columbus, 182.

Cruz, Cabo de la, so named by Columbus, 104.
Cuba, island of, Columbus hears of, 46; sails in
quest of it, ib.; discovery of, ib.; description of
its appearance, ib.; hurricanes seldom known
in, 47; belief of the inhabitants in a future state,
50; Columbus revisits the coasts of, 104; natives
of, 105;
Columbus coasts along the southern
side, ib.; natives, ib.; subjugated and settled by
Don Diego Columbus, 238; the remains of Colum-
bus removed to, 235.

Cubagua, Isle of, discovery of, 141; natives, ib.;
pearl fisheries on the coast of, established, 238.
Cubiga, a village in Veragua where the country of
gold was supposed to terminate, 191.
Cucumbers first seen in Hayti, 99.

Currency, principles on which the sums mentioned in
this work have been reduced to modern currency,
263.

Delphin, island of, 140.

Deluge, universal, ideas entertained by the Haytians
in respect to, 97.

Deza. Diego de, character of, 26; coincides with
Columbus at the council of Salamanca, ib. ; assists
him with his purse, 28; made Archbishop of Seville,
225 is chosen arbitrator between the king and
Columbus, 226.

Diaz, Bartholomew, account of his discoveries, 113.

Miguel, his romantic history, 127; discovers the
gold mines of Hayna, 170; commands the fortress
of St. Domingo at the time Bobadilla arrives, 172;
his conduct on being desired to give up his
prisoners, ib.

de Pisa, mutiny of, 91; confined on board one
of the ships, 92.

Disaster, river of, 189.

Discovery, progress of, under Prince Henry of Portu.
gal, 10.

Dogs, dumb, found at Santa Marta, 105.
Domingo, San, foundation of the city of, 145.
Dominica, island of, discovered, 8o.

Doves, stock, presented to Columbus by the natives
of Cuba, 105.

Drogeo, a vast country, fabled to have been discovered
by some fishermen of Friseland, 256.

Drum, a species of, used by the Haytians, 98.
Dying, manner of treating the, 97.

Ear, coast of the, 188.

E.

Eden, garden of, speculation of Columbus in respect
to, 282.

Egg, anecdote of the, 73.

Egypt, Soldan of, his message to Ferdinand, 28.
Elmo, St., electrical lights seen by Columbus, 80.
Enchanters, the natives of Cariari taken to be, 190.
Enriquez, Beatrix, her connection with Columbus, 24;
Columbus's legacy to, 227.

Escobar, Diego de, arrives at Jamaica on a mission
to Columbus from the governor of Hispaniola,
208; returns to his ship immediately, ib.

Rodrigo de, chief notary to Columbus's first
expedition, 34.

Escobedo, Rodrigo de, his conduct after the depart-
ure of Columbus, 86; death of, ib.

Espinal, Antonio de, the first prelate sent to the New
World, 181.

Esquibel, Juan de, employed against the natives of

Higuey, 217; his atrocious conduct to his prison-
ers, 219; causes the natives to be hunted like
wild beasts, ib.

Estotiland, a supposed island on the coast of North
America, said to have been discovered by some
fishermen of Friseland, 256.

Eudoxus, remarks on his voyage, 257.

Evangelista, island of, discovered by Columbus, 109.
Exuma, discovery of, 45; named Fernandina by
Columbus, ib.

F.

Farol, Cape, at Jamaica, 111.
Ferdinand, King of Aragon and Castile, character of,
22 engagements of, on the arrival of Columbus at
Cordova, 23; lays siege to the city of Loxa, ib. ;
grants an audience to Columbus, 24; desires the
prior of Prado to assemble men of science to con-
sider his plan, ib. ; attempt to assassinate him, 27;
takes Malaga, ib. ; forms an alliance with Henry
VII. of England, ib.; one of the rival kings of
Granada surrenders his pretensions, 28; receives a
message from the Soldan of Egypt, ib.; his mes-
sage to Columbus on learning the unfavorable de-
cision of the council, 29; refers his plan to per-
sons of confidence, 30; his reluctance to the plan
after the queen has consented, 32; his joy on learn-
ing the success of Columbus, 70; his reception of
him, ib. prepares a second expedition, 74: his
negotiations with John II. in respect to the new
discoveries, 76; listens to the charges against
Columbus, 124; his conduct, ib. ; his reception of
Columbus on his second return, 131; lays the foun-
dation of the power of Charles V., ib.; promises
Columbus to furnish him with ships for a third voy-
age, ib. disappointed that his newly discovered
possessions have not become a source of profit, 169;
assaulted by the clamors of ruffians who had re-
turned from Hispaniola, ib. his ingratitude to
Columbus becomes evident, ib.; listens to the
rebels who had been permitted to return to Spain,
170; sends out a commission to inquire into the
conduct of Columbus, ib. ; reprobates the conduct
pursued against Columbus, and invites him to court,
177 promises to restore him to all his rights and
privileges, ib. his jealousy awakened at the dis-
coveries of the English and Portuguese, 179; his
ingratitude to Columbus, ib. ; listens to the project