Methods of Environmental Impact AssessmentPeter Morris, Riki Therivel Environmental impact assessment (EIA) is now firmly established as an important and often obligatory part of proposing or launching any development project. Delivering a successful EIA needs not only an understanding of the theory but also a detailed knowledge of the methods for carrying out the processes required. Peter Morris and Riki Therivel bring together the latest advice on best practice from experienced practitioners to ensure an EIA is carried out correctly. This new edition: - explains how an EIA works and how it should be carried out - demonstrates the relationship of the EIA to socio-economic, environmental and ecological systems - includes completely updated legislative and policy contexts - has added explanations of shared and integrative methods including a new chapter on EIA and sustainability. Invaluable to undergraduate and MSc students of EIA in planning, ecology, geography and environment courses, this third edition of Methods of Environmental Impact Assessment is also of great use to planners, EIA practitioners and professionals seeking to update their skills. |
Contents
Introduction | 3 |
13 The current status of EIA | 10 |
14 EIA legislation | 11 |
15 Book structure | 13 |
16 Integration of component assessments | 15 |
17 The broader context and the future of EIA methods | 16 |
| 18 | |
Socioeconomic impacts 1 overview and economic impacts | 20 |
104 Legislative background and interest groups | 208 |
105 Scoping | 213 |
106 Baseline studies on water quantity | 219 |
107 Baseline studies on water quality | 224 |
108 Impact prediction | 229 |
109 Mitigation | 237 |
References | 239 |
Ecology overview and terrestrial systems | 243 |
direct and indirect economic impacts | 26 |
direct employment impacts | 32 |
wider economic impacts | 35 |
26 Mitigation and enhancement | 38 |
27 Monitoring | 39 |
References | 40 |
Socioeconomic impacts 2 social impacts | 42 |
33 Baseline studies | 43 |
34 Impact prediction | 47 |
35 Mitigation | 57 |
36 Monitoring | 58 |
37 Further reading | 59 |
References | 60 |
Noise | 65 |
42 Definitions and concepts | 66 |
43 Legislative background and interest groups | 72 |
44 Scoping and baseline studies | 74 |
45 Impact prediction | 77 |
46 Mitigation | 80 |
47 Monitoring | 81 |
48 Conclusion | 82 |
Transport | 83 |
52 Definitions and concepts | 84 |
53 Legislative background | 85 |
54 Interest groups and sources of information | 88 |
56 Impact prediction and evaluation | 91 |
57 Mitigation measures | 100 |
58 Monitoring | 103 |
Landscape | 105 |
63 Legislative background and interest groups | 108 |
64 Baseline studies | 111 |
65 Impact prediction | 114 |
66 Mitigation and enhancement | 116 |
67 Monitoring | 118 |
68 Concluding issues | 119 |
Archaeological and other material and cultural assets | 122 |
73 Legislative background and interest groups | 126 |
74 Scoping and baseline studies | 130 |
75 Impact prediction | 137 |
76 Mitigation and enhancement | 140 |
77 Monitoring | 142 |
References | 143 |
Air quality and climate | 145 |
82 Legislative background and interest groups | 147 |
83 Scoping and baseline studies | 153 |
84 Impact prediction | 157 |
85 Mitigation | 166 |
86 Monitoring | 168 |
Soils geology and geomorphology | 170 |
93 Definitions and concepts soils | 171 |
94 Legislative background and interest groups | 179 |
95 Scoping and baseline studies | 181 |
96 Impact prediction | 187 |
97 Mitigation | 191 |
98 Monitoring | 194 |
Water | 197 |
102 Definitions and concepts of water quantity | 198 |
103 Definitions and concepts of water quality | 205 |
112 Definitions and concepts | 244 |
113 Legislative background and interest groups | 254 |
114 Scoping and baseline studies | 259 |
115 Impact prediction | 266 |
116 Mitigation | 278 |
117 Monitoring | 282 |
Freshwater ecology | 286 |
123 Legislative background and interest groups | 291 |
125 Impact prediction | 297 |
126 Impact significance | 302 |
127 Mitigation | 304 |
128 Monitoring | 310 |
References | 311 |
Coastal ecology and geomorphology | 315 |
133 Legislative background and interest groups | 323 |
134 Scoping and baseline studies | 326 |
135 Impact prediction | 332 |
136 Mitigation | 339 |
137 Monitoring | 341 |
138 Conclusions | 342 |
| 343 | |
Shared and integrative methods | 349 |
Environmental risk assessment and risk management | 351 |
143 Legislative and policy background and interest groups | 354 |
145 Different levels of risk analysis | 359 |
146 Parallels between EIA and ERA | 360 |
147 Opportunities and challenges for ERA | 361 |
148 Risk communication | 362 |
References | 363 |
Environmental Remote Sensing RS | 365 |
153 Sources of remote sensing information software and data | 371 |
154 Applications of remote sensing with particular reference to EIA | 372 |
155 Conclusion | 376 |
References | 377 |
Geographical Information Systems GIS and EIA | 381 |
162 GIS concepts and techniques | 382 |
163 GIS and environmental impact assessment | 388 |
164 GIS in screening scoping and baseline studies | 390 |
165 GIS in impact prediction | 393 |
166 GIS in mitigation | 397 |
167 GIS in monitoring | 398 |
168 Conclusions | 399 |
| 400 | |
Quality of Life Capital | 402 |
173 An example of the approach | 404 |
175 Links between EIA and Quality of Life Capital | 406 |
References | 408 |
Acronyms addresses chemical symbols and quantitative units and symbols | 409 |
UK environment and heritage authorities and agencies | 414 |
Sources of historical information in the UK | 416 |
Evaluating the conservation status of species habitats and sites | 418 |
Publications on species conservation status distribution habitats and identification | 431 |
Habitat vegetation and land classifications and their limitations | 436 |
Phase 23 ecological sampling methods | 455 |
Glossary | 469 |
| 479 | |
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Common terms and phrases
air quality analysis and/or Appendix appraisal archaeological baseline studies biodiversity British catchment changes Chapter classification climate communities components construction Countryside dB(A DETR dunes ecological ecosystems effects emissions English Nature environment Environment Agency environmental impact assessment erosion estimates eutrophication evaluation example flood floodplain freshwater geology geomorphology grassland groundwater guidance habitats Heritage HMSO hydrology identified impact area impact prediction important in-migrant increase invertebrates JNCC land landscape legislation levels listed buildings London MAFF maps ment methods mitigation measures models monitoring National nature conservation noise nutrient Oxford Oxford Brookes University Phase planning plants policies pollution population potential proposed relevant Remote Sensing require risk assessment river road RSPB runoff sampling sediment significant Social impact assessment socio-economic impacts soil sources spatial species surface survey Table techniques tion traffic transport types urban usually vegetation water quality wetlands wildlife woodland