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"Father! I have heard, and understood, all that you have said. I am perfectly satisfied with every part of it; my heart will never change. No prisoners remain in our hands, in the neighborhood of Michilimackinac. Those two Frenchmen present (Messieurs Sans Crainte and Pepin,) can witness to the truth of this assertion."

Masass, a Chippeway chief, rose and spoke as follows: "I have heard all the proceedings, relating to this treaty. I express my perfect satisfaction at its happy conclusion. When I relate at home, the important event, my people will stretch out their arms towards you; and when I shall have informed them that you have promised to cherish them as your children, they will rejoice at having acquired a new, and so good a father."

Council adjourned, sine die.

It appears from a "return of the numbers of the different nations of Indians present at, and parties to, the treaty of Greenville," that there were one hundred and eighty Wyandots, three hundred and eighty-one Delawares, one hundred and forty-three Shawanees, forty-five Ottawas, fortysix Chippeways, two hundred and forty Pottawattamies, seventy-three Miamies and Eel Rivers, twelve Weas and Piankeshaws, and ten Kickapoos and Kaskaskias,—making a total of eleven hundred and thirty.

Immediately after the signing of the treaty, General Wayne sent the following proclamation

"To the Cherokees now settled on the head waters of the Scioto. "Whereas, I, ANTHONY WAYNE, Major General, commanding the army of the United States, and sole Commissioner for settling a permanent peace with all the Indian tribes north-west of the river Ohio, having accomplished that great and good work, and having this day signed and exchanged articles of a permanent peace, with the Chippeways, Ottawas, Pottawattamies, Wyandots, Delawares, Shawanees, Miamies, Eel River, Weas, and Kickapoo nations of Indians :

"Do, hereby, once more invite you, the Cherokees, residing on the waters of the Scioto, to come forward, immediately, to this place, and enter into similar articles of peace; for which purpose, I now send Captain Longhair, a principal Cherokee chief, to conduct you to head quarters, where you shall be received in friendship, and treated with kindness and hospitality. Captain Longhair will give you the particulars respecting this treaty, as also those of a treaty of peace lately made between the United States and the Cherokee nation, so that you now stand alone and unprotected, unless you comply with this last invitation.

Given at Head-quarters, Greenville, 3d August, 1795. ANTHONY WAYNE."

In consequence of the above message, some of this party of Cherokees returned to Greenville, with Captain Longhair, and afterwards accompanied him home, to their nation. The remainder promised to hunt peaceably on the Scioto, until their corn was fit to gather, when they would quit this side of the Ohio forever, and return to their own country.

At a private conference on the 12th August, with the Miamies, Eel River, and Kickapoo Indians, the Little Turtle, in the name of the others, observed, that as they intended soon to depart, and return to their respective homes, he took this opportunity of repeating to the General, that he, himself, and the Indians with him, were perfectly acquainted with every article of the treaty, that no part of it had escaped their serious and anxious deliberation; that, in the early stage of the negotiation, he had not comprehended the moderation and liberality with which he was now convinced, it is dictated; that to this cause, and to a duty which he conceived he owed his country, must be attributed the opposition he exhibited on sundry occasions; that he was persuaded his father would not think unkindly of him for it, for he had heard him with much pleasure, approve of the freedom with which he delivered his sentiments; that he was a man who spoke as he thought, and a man of sin

cerity; and that he embraced this last occasion, to declare, that as he was fully convinced that the treaty was wisely and benevolently calculated to promote the mutual interest and insure the permanent happiness of the Indians, and their father the Americans, so it was his determined resolution, to adhere, religiously, to its stipulations.

He asked for traders to reside at their different villages, and mentioned the names of some, who, from the confidence they had in their integrity, they wished might be licensed and continued by the United States, as traders among them; he hoped, (for the Weas particularly,) that a fort would be immediately established at Ouiatanon, and promised every assistance they could afford, to the establishment; that he, himself, would reside near Fort Wayne, where daily experience should convince his father of his sincere friendship; and that, as he intended to rekindle the Grand Council Fire at that place, by means of which, the different nations might communicate with each other as usual, he requested his father to give orders to the commandant of Fort Wayne, to inform him from time to time, of any measures which the Great Council of the Fifteen Fires might adopt, in which the interest of their children should be concerned; and he asked, that Mr. Wells might be placed there as a resident interpreter, as he possessed their confidence, as fully as he did that of their father.

On the 9th September, a party of Shawanees, consisting of between sixty and seventy warriors, who had hitherto proved refractory and hostile, arrived at Greenville, with four prisoners, three of whom they captured on the 13th July, 1795, in Randolph county, Virginia. On the 11th, the General gave them audience, when Puck-se-kaw (or Jumper,) one of their chiefs, spoke as follows:

"My father! I have been in the woods a long time; I was not acquainted with the good works which were transacting at this place, by you and all our great chiefs. "Last spring, when we were hunting peaceably, our camp

on the Scioto was robbed; we are very poor, and the mischief that has since been done, was in retaliation for the injuries we then sustained.

"As soon as I received this belt, which you sent me by Blue Jacket, one of our great chiefs, and as soon as I was informed by him that the good work of peace was finished, I arose to come and see you, and brought with me these four prisoners. I now surrender them up to you, my father, and promise, sincerely, that we will do no more mischief.

"I hope, that for the future, we shall be permitted to live and hunt, in peace and quietness. We were poor ignorant children, astray in the woods, who knew not that our nation, and all the other tribes of Indians, had come in and made peace with you. I thank the Great Spirit for at length opening our eyes.

"Father! We beg you will forgive, and receive your repentant children. These people, whom I now deliver to you, must plead our forgiveness, and vouch for our sincere intention to alter our conduct for the future." [A white string.]

At the close of this speech, the Indians retired from Greenville, and returned to their respective homes.

CHAPTER XIII.

Surrender of the North-western posts by the British, in 1796.—Made to General Wayne, appointed for that purpose.-Death of General Wayne.-Sketch of his life.-Detroit.-Its Commerce and Society.-Their hospitality.-Celebration of the king's birth-day at Sandwich.-General invitation to the Americans at Detroit, including the General Court and the Bar.-Note.— Gen. Wilkinson's charges against Gen. Wayne.-Unfounded.-Contrast between the two men.-Their controversies.-Their effect on the army.The officers take sides.-Two parties formed.-Note.-Canadian French at and near Detroit.-Their character.-Their habits.-Their objections to free government.-Delays in administering justice.—Judicial decisions of the military commandants-Acceptable to the French inhabitants.--Pawnee Indians bought and sold as slaves.

EARLY in 1796, the British government surrendered the northern posts, including Fort Miami, built in 1794, by Governor Simcoe, at the foot of the Rapids of the Maumee, together with the town of Detroit, and the military works, both there and on the island of Mackinaw, in pursuance of the treaty negotiated by Chief Justice Jay, in 1793.

The posts were delivered to General Wayne, who had been authorised to receive them, by the President of the United States. As soon as he had performed that duty, and had made the necessary arrangements to have the works properly garrisoned and supplied, he embarked for Erie, on his way to the seat of government, very late in the Unfortunately, he was seized, on the passage,

season.

One of the motives which induced General Wayne to proceed from Detroit, on his way to Philadelphia, after the surrender of the posts, was to meet and refute, a set of charges exhibited against him, by General Wilkinson, a copy of which he had received, from the War Department, though it was not generally known, that any thing of the kind existed. He had just conquered

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