were appropriated to this use. Arn. 1 9 quid si sole aliquis torrere se suetus et adquirere corpori siccitatem...conqueratur frequentissimis nubilis iucunditatem serenitatis ablatam? numquid ideo dicenda sunt nubila inimica obductione pendere, quia libidini non permittitur otiose rutilare se flammis et causas potionibus praeparare? on Plat. Phaedr. p. 262 seq. fuligo lucubrationum bibenda. sun 193.

70 years of age.

Ast

BIBAT Quintil. x1 3 § 23 VERNUM the April CONTRACTA shrunk, Iuv. being about CUTICULA the i is long also in

canicula, clavicula, craticula L. Müller de re metr. 353.

204 EFFUGIATQUE TOGAM III 172 n. lunata nusquam pellis, et nusquam toga, thus Mart. (1 49 31) recommends the life in his native Spain. So XII 18 17 ignota est toga. Spart. Hadr. 22 senatores et equites Romanos semper in publico togatos esse iussit, nisi si a cena reverterentur. On public occasions, as in the circus, the toga was full dress Suet. Aug. 40 negotium aedilibus dedit, ne quem posthac paterentur in foro circove nisi positis lacernis togatum consistere. Lampr. Comm. 16 contra consuetudinem paenulatos iussit spectatores, non togatos ad munus convenire; this order (the paenula being dark and worn by mourners) passed for an omen of the emperor's death. Friedländer II3 274. BALNEA III 262 263. VI 419. Artemid. 1 64 εἶτα δὴ λούονται μέλλοντες δειπνήσειν· καὶ ἔστι νῦν τὸ βαλανεῖον οὐδὲν ἄλλο ἢ ὁδὸς ἐπὶ τροφήν. Cato bathed and supped as usual before his nobile letum App. b. c. 11 98. Apul. met. VIII 29. x 15. The usual time of bathing was the eighth hour Mart. x1 52 3. Plin. ep. 1 1 § 8 ubi hora balnei nuntiata est, est autem hieme nona, aestate octava, in sole, si caret vento, ambulat nudus. Spartian. Hadr. 22 ante octavam horam in publico neminem nisi aegrum lavari passus est. The tenth hour is also named as late Mart. III 36 5. x 70 13. cf. VII 51 11. Some bathed at the sixth hour ib. 48 1-4 nuntiat octavam Phariae sua turba iuvencae |...temperat haec thermas, nimios prior hora vapores halat et immodico sexta Nerone calet. Spartian. Pescenn. 3 a letter of Severus: tribuni medio die lavant, pro tricliniis popinas habent, pro cubiculis meritoria. saltant, bibunt, cantant et mensuras conviviorum vocant hoc sine mensura potare. Vitruv. v 10 § 1 maxime tempus lavandi a meridiano ad vesperum est constitutum. Tert. apol. 42 non lavor diluculo saturnalibus, ne et noctem et diem perdam, attamen lavor honesta hora et salubri, quae mihi et calorem et sanguinem servet; rigere et pallere post lavacrum mortuus possum. Here Iuv. proposes to bathe at once, though it wants a whole hour of noon Iuv. 1 49 n. 143 n. Lips. exc. on Tac. XIV 2. Marquardt v (1) 277 278. Salm, on Vopisc. Florian. 6 (11 631-4). Becker Gallus sc. 7 exc. 1.

205 FRONTE XIII 242. Pers. v 103 104 exclamet Melicerta perisse frontem de rebus.

QUAMQUAM SUPERSIT

SOLIDA HORA Hor. c. 1

xv 30; so generally 1 20 partem solido

208

206 QUINQUE VOLUPTATES COM

II 4 5. vI 88. 199. vII 15. x 34 n. XII 25. XIII 172. in Tac. demere de die. See the lexx. DIEBUS Hor. s. 1 3 16. MENDAT RARIOR USUS 'seasons,' 'enhances,' 'sets off.' Phaedr. 11 pr. 7 a jest re commendatur, non auctoris nomine. Plin. ep. 1 2 § 6 sed sane blandiantur, dum per hoc mendacium nobis studia nostra commendent. VII 3 § 3 tempus est te revisere molestias nostras vel ob hoc solum, ne voluptates istae satietate languescant. Ix 5 § 1 iustitiam tuam provincialibus multa humanitate commendas. ib. 36 § 6 quorum mihi

agrestes querellae litteras nostras et haec urbana opera commendant. id. pan. 5 maris caelique temperiem turbines tempestatesque commendant. Ruhnken on Vell. 11 29 § 2. comm. on Petr. 110 p. 656.

ADDENDA.

10 Sen. ben. I 10 § 2 foedissimum patrimoniorum exitium culina. Philo legat. 43 (11 596 M) the great men who thought that they were in highest favour with Gaius, were compelled to incur great expenses, πάμπολλα μὲν εἰς τὰς ἀκρίτους καὶ ἀτάκτους καὶ ἐξαπιναίους ἀποδημίας ἀναλίσκοντες, πάμπολλα δὲ εἰς τὰς ἑστιάσεις. ὅλας γὰρ οὐσίας ἐξανάλουν εἰς ἑνὸς δείπνου παρασκευήν, ὡς καὶ δανείζεσθαι· τοσαύτη τις ἣν ἡ πολυτέλεια.

18 MATRIS IMAGINE FRACTA Ambr. de Tobia § 10 (the whole treatise is on usury) at ubi usurarum facta fuerit mentio aut pignoris, tunc deiecto supercilio fenerator arridet et, quem ante sibi cognitum denegabat, eundem tamquam paternam amicitiam recordatus osculo excipit, hereditariae pignus caritatis appellat, flere prohibet. 'quaeremus' inquit 'domi si quid nobis pecuniae est: frangam propter te argentum paternum quod fabrefactum est; plurimum damni erit: quae usurae compensabunt pretia emblematum?' Mart. x1 11 5 cited x 362 n.

31 Lucian pro imag. 20 τὸν Θερσίτην εὐμορφότερον ἀποφῆναι τοῦ ̓Αχιλλέως.

33 TE CONSULE Sen. n. q. iv praef. § 18 ipse te consule, verane an falsa memoraveris.

[40 Ov. ibidem 846 demisso in viscera censu. Plaut. trin. 424 nisi forte in ventrem filio correpserit. The general character of the imagery of the whole passage reminds me of Pers. II 50 51 donec deceptus et exspesnequiquam fundo suspiret nummus in imo.' J. C.]

43 MENDICAT [Quintil.] decl. 9 § 23 duo egentes et circa omnium, vel ignotorum, domos stipem rogabimus pariter....fortasse proderit mendicaturo mihi, quod ipse aliquando egentem pauperem alui.

་

[53 ANNO same abl. as 72 parte anni.' J. B. M.]

[72 'PARTE good part. XII 110 partem aliquam belli.' J. B. M.] 148 ET MAGNO Ambr. de Tobia § 19 adhibentur nitentes ministri, magno empti pretio, sumptu pascendi maiori.

149 TONSI DL. vI 31 the pupils of Diogenes.

150 PEXI Lucian cited x 117 fin.

157 Sen. n. q. VII 31 § 2 adhuc quicquid est boni moris, exstinguimus levitate et politura corporum.

164 Alkiphr. ep. 1 39.

XII

TO-DAY, Corvinus, I keep holy to the gods, who have delivered Catullus; nor, were my means equal to my affection, would I withhold the costliest offerings (1-16). For, after encountering all the perils of a storm, and cheerfully sacrificing his treasures to lighten the ship, he has reached in safety our new harbour (17-92). Wonder not then at my rejoicing, nor question its sincerity: he, for whom I raise so many altars, is no orbus, that a fortune-hunter should pay him court: even those who would offer their own children on the altar to propitiate the childless rich, would think any the smallest attention thrown away upon the father of three sons (93-130). With 1-92 cf. Catull. 9. Hor. c. 1 36. II 7. III 14. Stat. s. II 7. Mart. x 87. Gell. XIX 9. With 93-130 Hor. s. II 5. Luc. dial. mort. 5-9. Obbar on Hor. ep. 1 1 78.

1-16 To-day, Corvinus, is sweeter to me than a birthday. To-day I perform the promised vow to the three gods of the Capitol, snow white lambs to Iuno and Minerva, to Iuppiter a calf just weaned; if my fortune were as my love, a fat bull from the Clitumnus should prove my gratitude for my friend's deliverance.

1 NATALI XI 84 n. Hor. c. Iv 11 17 18 iure sollemnis mihi sanctiorque | paene natali proprio. Mart. Ix 53. Censorin. 3 § 6. Aug. de beata vita § 6 idibus Novembris mihi natalis dies erat: post tam tenue prandium, ut ab eo nihil ingeniorum impediretur etc. Becker Gallus 13 127 128. Serv. on ecl. 111 76 sane cum natalis apud maiores plenum fuerit, posteritas natalis dies dicere coepit: nam cum Hor. dixerit natales (ep. 11 2 210), Iuv. ait natali Corvine, die. Cic. however (see Forcell.) uses natalis dies. 2 PROMISSA 115. XIII 233.

CESPES 85. Ov. tr. v 5 9 araque gramineo viridis de caespite fiat. Tert. apol. 25 prope fin. temeraria de caespite altaria. Hor. c. 1 19 13. III 8 4. Luc. Ix 988. Stat. s. 1 4 131. Lact. vI 25 § 27 God requires an offering not of the man and the life; for which neque verbenis opus est, neque fibris, neque caespitibus, quae sunt utique vanissima, sed iis, quae de intimo pectore proferantur. Maxim. Taur. serm. 96 p. 655 (ed. 1784). Berthold de ara 6 (Graev. vi 273 274).

3 NIVEAM Aen. IV 61 (cited 8 n.). White victims were offered to the gods

But

freedman Zosimus ars quidem eius et quasi inscriptio comoedus, in qua plurimum facit. nam pronuntiat acriter, sapienter, apte, decenter etiam; utitur et cithara perite, ultra quam comoedo necesse est. idem tam commode orationes et historias et carmina legit, ut hoc solum didicisse videatur. id. VIII 1. § 2 Encolpius...lector, illa seria nostra, ille deliciae ...quis libellos meos sic leget, sic amabit? quem aures meae sic sequentur? VII 4 § 3. Ix 17 § 3 quam multi, cum lector aut lyristes aut comoedus inductus est, calceos poscunt aut non minore cum taedio recubant, quam tu ista (sic enim appellas) prodigia perpessus es! ib. ep. 34 hearing that he reads poems ill, he has resolved to employ his freedman, and asks Suetonius whether he should sit by defixus et mutus et similis otioso, or rather (as some did) accompany the reader murmure oculis manu. alas puto me non minus male saltare quam legere. ib. ep. 36 § 4 cenanti mihi, si cum uxore vel paucis, liber legitur. Sen. cons. ad Polyb. 8 § 2 sends the emperor's freedman to H. and V. to seek comfort in the loss of his brother: tunc Homerus et Vergilius tam bene de genere humani meriti, quam tu et de omnibus et de illis meruisti, quos pluribus notos esse voluisti quam scripserant, multum tecum morentur. Burm. anthol. iv 260 11–14 n. epitaph on a reader of Homer: quondam ego Pierio vatum monumenta canore | doctus cygneis enumerare modis. | doctus Maeonio spirantia carmina versu | dicere, Caesareo carmina nota foro. ib. 344 6 on a boy of ten: legi pia carmina Homeri. ib. 346 1 2 (Orelli inscr. 1200) grammaticus lectorque fui, sed lector eorum more, incorrupto qui placuere sono. Calvisius Sabinus had a slave who knew Homer by heart, another who knew Hesiod, nine others who knew each one of the lyric poets: as such slaves were not to be bought (Sen. ep. 27 § 6) faciendos locavit. anth. Pal. xr 141 against the grammarians who talk Homeric criticism ('shop') at dinner: σnμepov où deɩπvŵ μŶviv äeide Deά. Lucian adv. ind. 7 from a book written on purple vellum, with umbilicus of gold, the ignorant owner of a fine library reads and murders the author by his barbarisms, so that the very parasites who applaud him laugh at him in their sleeves. Philostr. soph. 11 10 §§ 1 2. Gell. II 22 §§ 1 2 apud mensam Favorini in convivio familiari legi solitum erat aut vetus carmen melici poetae aut historia partim Graecae linguae alias Latinae. legebatur ergo ibi tunc in carmine Latino 'iapyx' ventus quaesitumque est, quis hic ventus. ib. III 19 § 1. XIX 7 § 2. Ath. 696 ὡς οδοντος ἐν τοῖς συσσιτίοις ὁσημέραι εἰς Tov 'Epueiap Taιâva. Marquardt v (1) 156. 348. Friedländer 14 416 417. Einhardt vita Caroli magni 24 p. 530 Jaffé inter caenandum aut aliquod acroama aut lectorem audiebat. legebantur ei historiae et antiquorum res gestae; also Aug. esp. the civ. Dei. It was the monastic rule and is enjoined in college statutes: it was the practice at the board of James I. and of lord keeper Williams. Card. Wiseman in the English college at Rome chose Walter Scott's novels for the purpose (see two lives of N. Ferrar Cambr. 1855 41. Bayle s. v. Berenger note A. Becker Gallus 113 125. 113 261). 181 vir 227 n.

So Prop. III=11 33 65 66 cedite Romani scriptores, cedite Grai: | nescio quid maius nascitur Iliade. Macrob. v 12 § 1 (which book contains a comparison of V.'s translations with the originals in H. see Jan's ind. Homerus p. 656) in quibusdam par paene splendor amborum est. Quintil. x 1 § 85 ut apud illos Homerus, sic apud nos Vergilius auspicatissimum dederit exordium, omnium eius generis poetarum, Graecorum nostrorumque, haud dubie ei proximus. Ov. a. a. III 337 338. rem. 396. amor. 1 15 25. anthol. Lat. Meyer 254-6. 288. For modern

PASCUA 40.

13 CLITUMNI the

(Corssen Aussprache 12 149). Clitumnus (Clitunno) falls near Mevania in Umbria (Bevagna) into the Tinia (Timia), a tributary of the Tiber Verg. g. 11 146-8 Servius hinc albi, Clitumne, greges et maxima taurus | victima saepe tuo perfusi flumine sacro | Romanos ad templa deum duxere triumphos. Prop. III 19 25 26. Colum. 111 8 § 3 armentis sublimibus insignis Mevania est. Luc. 1 473. Stat. s. 1 4 129. Sil. Iv 547-8. I VI 647 648. VIII 452-3. Plin. ep. vIII 8 highly extols the beauty of its banks and the clearness of its waters. cf. Suet. Cal. 43. Claud. vI cons. Hon. 506 507. epigr. 4 3 4. Addison works 1 410 Bohn. Childe Harold Iv 66–68. SANGUIS the blood and neck would go to the altar, i.e. the ox chosen for his fulness of blood (cf. Verg. g. III 492) and thick neck. Cf. infra 112 ebur. XIV 10 gula. x 238 239 halitus oris, | quod steterat multis in carcere fornicis annis. 14 A GRANDI FERIENDA MINISTRO gerundives (in Gr. perf. pass.) usually take dat. of agent; they take abl. with ab (vrò with gen.) however sometimes for perspicuity Cic. leg. agr. § 95 venerandos a nobis. de imp. Pomp. § 6 Halm. esp. p. Caecina § 33 Jordan. ep. fam. 1 9 § 17. Ov. m. II 431. Roby II pref. LXXV. GRANDI VII 210 n. FERIENDA the technical term Mühlmann col. 191. Ov. f. Iv 415 apta iugo cervix non est ferienda securi. MINISTRO popa Suet. Cal. 32 admota altaribus victima succinctus poparum habitu elato alte malleo cultrarium mactavit. 16 AMICI Catullus 29. 93.

17-61 Catullus has escaped not only the risks of the waves but thunderbolts; darkness overcast the heaven with one cloud and a sudden flash caught the yard-arms; every man thought himself struck, and stunned with the shock counted blazing shrouds worse than any shipwreck. No terror by which poets add awe to a storm was wanting there. Hear another form of danger, and pity once more; though it is true what remains, if terrible, is but part and parcel of the same mischance, known to many, to which numerous temples by their votive tablets bear witness. Who knows not that painters look to Isis for their bread? The hold now half filled, as the billows rocked the ship, and the hoary master's skill found no help for the tottering tree, he compounded with the wind by lightening the vessel; as the beaver ransoms his life by biting off the drug for which he is hunted. 'Over with all that's mine' cried Catullus, readily offering purple robes fit for fops like Maecenas, Spanish woollens of native dye, chargers engraved by Parthenius, a bowl that holds a draught for Pholus or for Fuscus' wife, baskets, a thousand plates, embossed goblets in which Philip of Macedon had caroused. Who else the wide world over would, to save life, cast away his all? Most of the cargo is thrown out without relief; as a last resort the master fells the mast to ease the vessel by crippling her to a hulk. Go now, commit your life to the winds, trust a drest plank, and live four, or at most seven, fingers' breadth from death and with bread-sack and wine-flagons, be sure to pack up axes against storms.

17-19 ANTEMNAS dig. XIV 2 6 navis adversa tempestate depressa ictu fulminis deustis armamentis et arbore [Iuv. 32] et antemna. 17 ET x 354 n. 19 NUBE UNA Corte on Luc. vi 346. 21 ATTONITUS Sen. n. q. II 27 § 3 of the thunder-clap hic proprie fragor dicitur, subitus et vehemens, quo edito concidunt homines et exanimantur, quidam vero vivi stupent et in totum sibi excidunt, quos vocamus adtonitos, quorum mentes sonus ille caelestis loco pepulit. 23 TALIA TAM in

IUV. II.

15