also binds himself to maintain the donatories in the full and undisturbed possession of their rights and revenues, so that they may receive, sell, or make over the same, and that all may be paid them without any hinderance, and without duties and expences under whatsoever name. Art. XII. Their Majesties the King of Sweden and the King of Denmark mutually engage never to divert from their original destination monies appropriated to objects of beneficence or public utility, in the countries thus reciprocally obtained by the present treaty, namely, the kingdom of Norway and the dukedom of Swedish Pomerania, with their respective dependencies. The King of Sweden, in pursuance of this mutual agreement, engages to support the Universities of Norway, and the King of Denmark that of Grieswald. The payment of all public offices, both in Norway and Pomerania, is to remain a charge upon the acquiring power, reckoning from the day of taking possession. Pensioners are to receive the pensions assigned to them by the preceding government without interruption or change. Art. XIII. As the King of Sweden, so far as is practicable, and as depends upon him, wishes that the King of Denmark may receive compensation for the renunciation of the kingdom of Norway, of which his Majesty has given satisfactory proof in the cession of Swedish Pomerania and the Isle of Rugen, so his Majesty will use all his endeavours with the allied powers to secure, in addition, at a general peace, a full equivalent to Denmark for the cession of Norway. Art. XIV. Immediately upon the signing of the present treaty, an ac count of the same shall be sent, with all possible speed, to the Generals and armies, in order that hostilities may wholly cease on both sides, both by sea and land. Art. XV. The high contracting par ties engage, that immediately after the signing of the present treaty, all contributions and requisitions of whatever kind and denomination, shall immediately cease, so as that even those which shall have been already ordered shall not be enforced. It is likewise agreed, that all property which has been sequestered by the Army of North Germany, shall be restored to the owners. Herefrom are excepted such ships and ship-ladings as belonged to subjects of the King of Sweden and his allies, and have been brought into the harbours of the Duchies of Sleswyk and Holstein ; these shall remain with their present owners, who shall dispose of them as they think fit. [This article then arranges the mode in which the places in Holstein and Sleswyk, possessed by the allied troops, are to be evacuated by them.] Immediately on the signing of the present treaty the Swedish troops shall enter into Norway, and take possession of all the strong places there. His Majesty the King of Denmark binds himself to give the necessary orders to that effect. The Swedish troops shall deliver up Swedish Pomerania, and the Isle of Rugen, to the troops of the King of Denmark, as soon as the fortresses of Frederickshall, Konigswinger, Frederickstadt, and Aggerhuus, have been taken possession of by the Swedish troops. DANISH DECLARATION. By the care of the Danish government, the war, which already for fifteen years had devastated Europe, had not disturbed the repose of the Da pish nation; when the King, for a moment, saw himself under the necessity of using defensive means, partly for the protection of his subjects' commerce, and partly for the security of his provinces bordering on Germany. The attack made by the English on his Majesty's capital, and carrying off the Danish fleet in the year 1807, put an end to the happy tranquillity which his Majesty had until then been enabled to preserve for his subjects. The Danish States at that time had the same common enemy with France, and the consequence was, that an alliance was sought, and concluded, with that power. The Emperor, openly and directly, promised men and money; and a numerous army immediately moved into the provinces belonging to his Majesty the King. It was agreed that the expence of its support should be defrayed by the French government, and this amounted to a sum of several millions of rix-dollars. With out undertaking any thing, however, this army remained a burthen longer than the Danish government thought requisite. The expence of its support remained unpaid, and the requests of Denmark on this point were equally fruitless, as those concerning the apnounced requisitions in money. The situation of the state, whose resources were already diminished by the naval war, and by these novel disbursements, became totally exhausted; and again suffered a most prejudicial influence from the shutting of the continental ports, which was represented as one of the means for obtaining a general peace. The annexation of the Hanse Towns and contiguous provinces to the French empire became afterwards a most cavy burthen, with regard to the commercial intercourse with Germany. Its effects extended even to literary connections. Earnest professions, which were irequently renewed, had given hopes that these cbstacles, which were so directly contrary to the good understanding which his Majes ty did all in his power to remain in with the French government, would have been removed, but these hopes always remained unfulfilled. Whilst the French army was retreating in the winter between 1812 and 1813, the imperial troops, which, according to a particular agreement, were to have remained for the protection of the frontiers of Holstein, were drawn away. As the French government had at the same time declared its intention of entering into negociations for peace with all its enemies, the King deemed it important for him to make overtures of peace to Great Britain. The alliance with France was now becoming of no utility. The King would willingly have prevented the cities of Hamburgh and Lubeck from falling into the hands of the French, in order to keep the war from his own frontiers, and save from destruction those cities whose interest stood in such direct connection with those of his subjects; but his Majes ty was obliged to desist from the prosecution of this plan: his interests, therefore, required that he should accept the offer made him, of renewing the alliance with France, and to give it a larger extension, in order to assure him of a powerful assistance against those sovereigns who had not hesitated to declare that they would support the demands of Sweden, which were so inimical to the integrity of his States. The King, on his part, conscientiously performed the stipulations of the treaty. Whilst his auxiliary troops were fighting by the side of the French they received only a part of the pay, which, according to the agreement, was their due; and his Majesty's subjects suffered a considerable loss, as well by the embargo laid on their property, which was deposited in the cities of Lubeck and Hamburgh, of which the French government took to itself the privilege of disposal, as by taking away the funds of the Bank in The pro the last-mentioned city. mises of restoration given, in consequence of the complaints thereon inade, remained, equally with the reclamations made on the subject, without effect. It was assured by the treaty, that 20,000 men should be in readiness to protect the Duchies and Jutland. but Marshal d'Eckmuhl quitted the position which covered those provinces, and retreated with all the troops under his command to Hamburgh, leaving the King's troops to their fate, and who were not able to withstand the superior force which was moving forward to effect an entrance into the country. The enemy's irruption into the Duchies, together with the loss of the fortresses, was followed by the King's being forsaken by an ally on whose assistance he had reasonable grounds for placing a reliance. His Majesty has been under the necessity of consenting to the greatest sacrifices, to protect the remaining part of his states from invasion, with which they were threatened by the combined troops of several powers, and for the purpose of again recovering possession of those provinces which had fallen into the enemy's power. He recalled his Minister at the court of the French Emperor, and declared to the Minister of his Imperial Majesty residing at his court, that he could no longer consider him as being in that capacity, and that opportunity should be given him for his return to France. His Majesty likewise declares, that he will join the sovereigns united against France, in order to assist in bringing about a general peace, for which all the nations of Europe are languishing, and which is so necessary for the Danish States. Middelfurt, Jan. 17, 1814. Proclamation of Prince Christian Norwegians,-You have been informed that his Majesty King Frederick VI, notwithstanding the love he bears you, (which we have thankfully to acknowledge,) has been compelied, by the intrigues of the Swedish government, supported by numerous armies, to renounce his claims to the throne of Norway. With rage you have heard, that you are surrendered to a government which has entertained the ignominous thought that flattering words and vain promises could induce you to infidelity towards your king; even so, as when they, in the midst of peace, wantonly exercised the barbarous enmity of endeavouring to starve you, and thereby shake your courage, which they knew ever to have been undaunted. She now conceives you capable of the weakness, that you would expose unfortunate yourself to the same tate and yoke under which Sweden's sons groan, to answer the ambition of a stranger, and fight abroad for foreign money! But the free people of Norway can fix their own destiny! Swear to found the independence of Norway! Call God to witness your sincerity, and supplicate the benediction of heaven on your dear country. It is God's will, loyal Norwegians, that I, the Hereditary Prince of Denmark's throne, should be at this conjuncture amongst you, that through the harmony which reigns in your hearts you may be saved. I have the public voice for inde pendence, for serious and unlimited resistance against foreign violence. Inspired as I am for Norway's happiness and honour, it is a sufficient inducement to me to remain amongst this faithful people as long as I can be useful to their independence, and maintain tranquillity and order. Appointed by Providence to conduct at present the reins of this realm, I shall protect, with a firm hand, and without regarding dangers or difficulties, the security of Norway and its laws. An independent assembly of the most enlightened men of the nation shall, by means of a wise constitution, give renewed strength to this country in order to withstand its public and private enemies; and it will depend upon them whether I shall continue the trust now reposed in me by the wish of the nation. Beloved people of Norway, I have already received numerous proofs of your attachment and confidence. I shall ever feel myself happy and safe amongst you. I shall strive to revive your commerce, the sources of opulence. Nothing will be nearer to my heart than to keep far from you the scenes of raging war; but when foreign force attempts to violate the liberty and independence of this State, then we shall evince that there is sufficient power within us to revenge in sults, and courage to prefer death to shameful subjugation. Grief and afflection we will readily overcome, if implacable enemies refuse us peace. Within this state but one sentiment must prevail,-to make every sacrifice for our country,-to preserve Norway's honour, and give it its ancient brilliancy. Our efforts will then be crowned by God with success, and Norway will again confirm the truth, that that nation is invincible which fears God, and adheres with zeal to its native country. 1 PROCLAMATION Respecting the Relation which shall exist with other Nations, and the Abolition of Privateering. Christiania, Feb. 16, 1814. I, Christian Frederick, Regent of Norway, Prince of Denmark, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein, make known, that as well myself as the nation of Norway at large, consider it as a great favour on the part of King Frederick VI., that before he absolved us from our oaths, he established peace between us and Great Britain. It shall always be my aim to maintain it with that and with other nations, and it is therefore solemnly declared, that, 1. Norway is at peace with all powers. That Power only is its enemy which may violate the independence of the nation, and invade with arms in their hands the borders or coasts of Norway. 2. Free access to the kingdom of Norway is allowed to the ships of war and merchant vessels of every nation. 3. The regulations respecting privateers and their prizes, of March 28, 1810, and supplements of 27th of August and December, are hereby annulled, and to be considered as having not been in effect since the 14th of January last. Any thing done since then, founded on these regulations, is revoked. 4. All prizes, or property, condemned or confiscated, since the 14th of January, shall immediately be restored. 6. All prisoners shall be delivered up en masse, and the private debts of the prisoners of Norway shall be paid. 7. Ships of any nation whatsoever, importing in the kingdom of Norway two-thirds of their cargoes in grain, or other provisions, are allowed (any Treaty of Alliance between his Majesty the Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary and Bohemia, his Majesty of all the Russias, his Majesty the King of the United Kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland, and his Majesty the King of Prussia; signed at Chaumont, March 1, 1814. In the name of the most holy and indivisible Trinity. Their Imperial and Royal Majesties the Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary and Bohemia, his Majesty the King of the United Kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland, and his Majesty the King of Prussia, having transmitted to the French government proposals for a general peace, and being at the same time animated with the wish, in case France should reject these proposals, to strengthen the mutual obligation existing between them for the vigorous prosecution of a war which is designed to relieve Europe from its long sufferings, and to secure its future repose, by the re-establishment of a just balance of power; and on the other hand, in case Providence should bless their peaceful views, to agree on the best means of securing the happy result of their exertions against every future attack: Their Imperial and Royal Majesties above named, have resolved to confirm this double agreement by a solemn treaty to be signed by each of the four powers, separately with the three others. They have therefore named for their plenipotentiaries, his Imperial Apostolic Majesty, to negociate the conditions of this treaty with his Majesty the Emperor of all the Russias, Clemens Winzel Lotharius, Prince of Metternich Winneberg Ochsenhan, sen. Knight of the Golden Fleece, &c. Minister of State, and Minister for Foreign Affairs; and his Majesty the Emperor of all the Russias, on his side, Charles Robert Count Nesselrode, his Privy Counsellor, Secretary of State, &c. who, having exchanged their full powers, have agreed on the following articles : Art. I. The high contracting powers engage by the present treaty, in case France should refuse to ac cede to the terms of the peace proposed, to exert the whole force of their dominions for a vigorous prosecution of the war against France, and to employ it in the most perfect agreement, in order by this means to procure for themselves, and ail Europe, a general peace, under the protection of which all nations may maintain, and securely enjoy, their independence and their rights. Art. II. It is to be understood that this new agreement is not to make any change in the obligations already exist ing between the contracting Powers, concerning the number of troops to be employed against the common enemy; on the contrary, each of the four contracting courts again binds itself, by the present treaty, to keep in the field an army of 150,000 men always complete, in activity against the common enemy, and that exclusively of the garrisons of the fortresses. Art. il. The high contracting Powers mutually engage to enter into no separate negociations with the common enemy, and to conclude neither peace, cessation of hostilities, nor any convention whatsoever, except by joint consent of them all. |