....There is no bottom, none, In my voluptuousness: your wives, your daughters, ....Better Macbeth Than such an one to reign. MACDUFF. Boundless intemperance In nature is a tyranny; it hath been The untimely emptying of the happy throne, And fall of many kings. But fear not yet To take upon you what is yours: you may Enjoy your pleasures in a spacious plenty, And yet seem cold, the time you may so hoodwink. We have willing dames enough.... MALCOLM. With this there grows, In my most ill-compos'd affection, such A stanchless avarice, that were I king, I should cut off the nobles for their lands; Desire his jewels, and this other's house ....I should forge Quarrels unjust against the good and loyal, Destroying them for wealth. ....First such immoderate lust and voluptuous sensualitie (the abhominable founteine of all vices) followeth me, that if I were made king of Scots, I should seeke to deflowre your maids and matrons, in such wise that mine intemperance should be no more importable unto you, than the bloodie tyrannie of Makbeth now is. Hereunto Makduff answered: This suerlie is a verie evill fault, for manie noble princes and kings have lost both lives and kingdoms for the same; nevertheless there are women enow in Scotland, and therefore follow my counsell. Make thy selfe king, and I will conveie the matter so wiselie that thou shalt be so satisfied at thy pleasure in such secret wise that no man shall be aware thereof. Then said Malcolme, I am also the most avaritious creature on the earth, so that if I were king, I should seeke so manie ways to get land and goods that I would slea the most part of all the nobles of Scotland by surmized accusations, to the end I might MACDUFF. This avarice Sticks deeper; grows with more pernicious root Than Summer-seeming lust, and it hath been The sword of our slain kings: yet do not fear; Scotland hath foisons to fill up your will, Of your mere own: all these are portable, With other graces weighed. MALCOLM. The king-becoming graces, If such a one be fit to govern, speak: MACDUFF. Fit to govern! No, not to live!-Oh nation miserable, .Fare thee well! These evils thou reportest of thyself MALCOLM. Macduff, this noble passion, Not less in truth than life: my first false speaking MALCOLM. Let every soldier hew him down a bough, And bear't before him. ACT V.-SCENE 5. MACBETH. I pull in resolution; and begin To doubt the equivocation of the fiend That lies like truth: Fear not, till Birnam wood Comes towards Dunsinane.-Arm, arm and out!- injoy their lands, goods, and possessions.... Makduffe to this made answer, how it was a far worse fault than the other: for avarice is the root of all mischiefe, and for that crime the most part of our kings have been slaine and brought to their finall end; yet notwithstanding, follow my counsell and take upon thee the crowne. There is gold and riches inough in Scotland to satisfie thy greedie desire. Then said Malcolme againe, I am furthermore inclined to dissimulation, telling of leasings, and all other kinds of deceit, so that I naturalie rejoise in nothing so much as to betraie and deceive such as put anie trust or confidence in my words. Then, sith there is nothing that more becometh a prince than constancie, veritie, truth, and justice, with the other laudable fellowship of those faire and noble vertues which are comprehended onelie in soothfastnesse, and that lieing utterly overthroweth the same; you see how unable I am to governe anie province or region and therefore sith you have remedies to cloke and hide all the rest of my other vices, I praie you find shift to cloke this vice among the residue.... Then said Makduffe....Oh ye unhappie and miserable Scottsmen....Ye have one cursed and wicked tyrant that now reigneth over you, without anie right or title. This other that hath the right to the crowne.... .by his owne confession, is not onely avaritious, and given to unsatiable lust, but so false a traitor withal, that no trust is to be had to anie word he speaketh. Adieu, Scotland, for now I accord my selfe a banished man forever, without comfort or consolation.... Malcolme said....I have none of these vices before remembered, but have jested with thee in this manner, onelie to prove thy mind; for diverse times heretofore hath Makbeth sought by this manner of meanes to bring me into his hands. Old Siward Earle of Northumberland was appointed with ten thousand men to go with him into Scotland. CHRONICLES, VOL. II. P. 176. Malcolme....came the night before the battell into Birnam wood....and commanded everie man to get a bough....as big as he might beare to march forth therewith. When Makbeth beheld them coming in this sort ...he remembered himself that the prophesie.... of the coming of Birnane wood to Dunsinane Castell, was likelie to be now fulfilled. Nevertheless he brought his men in order of Battell. SIWARD. CHRONICLES, VOL. II. P. 176. Makbeth perceiving that Makduffe was hard at his backe, leapt from his horsse, saieng, Thou traitor, what meaneth it that thou shouldest in vaine follow me that am not appointed to be slaine by anie creature that is borne of a woman? But Makduffe....answered, saieng, It is true. Makbeth....for I am even he that thy wizzards have told thee of, who was never borne of my mother, but ripped out of her womb. CHRONICLES, VOL. I. P. 192. Earle Siward....sent his sonne with an armie to conquere the land, whose hap was there to be slaine: and when his father heard the news, he demanded whether he received the wound whereof he died, in Why then, God's soldier be he! the forepart of his body or the hinderpart, and when Had I as many sons as I have hairs, I would not wish them to a fairer death. MALCOLM. My thanes and kinsmen, Henceforth be earls, the first that ever Scotland, In such an honour nam'd. it was told him that he received it in the forepart; I rejoise (saith he) even with all my heart, for I would not wish either to my sonne nor myselfe anie other kind of death. CHRONICLES, VOL. II. P. 177. Immediatelie after his coronation he called a parlement at Forfair, in which.... he created manie earles, lords, barons, and knights. Manie of them that before were thanes, were at this time made earles. Parallels with Hollingshed, not less striking of Cardinal Wolsey, put into the mouths of and numerous than those in Macbeth, occur in Queen Katharine and Griffith, are taken almost all the Historical Dramas. They show that word for word from Hollingshed. Yet the few Shakspeare must have been a diligent student changes made by the Dramatist have so stamped of the four folios of the old Chronicler. We upon them the impress of his genius, that there have here only space to present a single example are few passages in his works more thoroughly from King Henry VIII. The two characters | Shaksperian in thought and expression: The clergy ill example. GRIFFITH. [mer. This cardinal, Though from a humble stock, undoubtedly Was fashion'd to much honour from his cradle. He was a scholar, and a ripe and good one; Exceeding wise, fair spoken, and persuading: Lofty and sour to them that lov'd him not; But, to those men that sought him, sweet as sunAnd though he were unsatisfied in getting, (Which was a sin) yet in bestowing, Madam, He was most princely: ever witness for him, Those twins of learning, that he rais'd in you, Ipswich and Oxford! one of which fell with him, Unwilling to outlive the good that did it; The other, though unfinished, yet so famous, So excellent in art, and still so rising, That Christendom shall ever speak his virtue. His overthrow heap'd happiness upon him ; For then, and not till then, he felt himself, And found the blessedness of being little : And, to add greater honours to his age Than man could give him, he died fearing God. CHRONICLES, VOL. IV. P. 922. This Cardinal was a man of a great stomach, for he compted himself equall with princes, and by craftie suggestion gat into his hands innumerable treasure he forced little on simonie, and was not pittifull, and stood affectionate in his own opinion: in open presence he would lie and saie untruth, and was double both in speech and meaning: he would promise much and perform little; he was vicious of his bodie, and gave the clergie evill example. CHRONICLES, VOL. IV. P. 917. This Cardinal (as Edmund Campion in his historie of Ireland describeth him) was a man undoubtedly borne to honour....exceeding wise, faire spoken, high minded, full of revenge, vitious of his bodie. loftie to his enemies, were they never so big, to those that accepted and sought his friendship, wonderfull courteous, a ripe schoolman....insatiable to get. and more princelie in bestowing as appeareth by his two colleges at Ipswich and Oxenford, the one overthrowne with his fall, the other unfinished, and yet ....incomparable through Christendom.... Never happie till this his overthrow wherein he shewed such moderation, and ended so perfectlie, that the houre of his death did him more honour than all the pomp of his life passed. IT ORLEY FARM. BY ANTHONY TROLLOPE.-ILLUSTRATED BY J. E. MILLAIS. CHAPTER XVII. VON BAUHR. T will be remembered that Mr. Crabwitz was sent across from Lincoln's Inn to Bedford Row to ascertain the present address of old Mr. Round. "Mr. Round is at Birmingham," he said, coming back. 'Every one connected with the profession is at Birmingham, except—” "The more fools they," said Mr. Furnival. "I am thinking of going down myself this evening," said Mr. Crabwitz. "As you will be out of town, Sir, I suppose I can be spared?" "You too!" "And why not me, Mr. Furnival? When all the profession is meeting together, why should not I be there as well as another? I hope you do not deny me my right to feel an interest in the great subjects which are being discussed." "Not in the least, Mr. Crabwitz. I do not deny you your right to be Lord Chief Justice, if you can accomplish it. But you can not be Lord Chief Justice and my clerk at the same time. Nor can you be in my chambers if you are at Birmingham. I rather think I must trouble you to remain here, as I can not tell at what moment I may be in town again." "Then, Sir, I'm afraid-" Mr. Crabwitz began his speech and then faltered. He was going to tell Mr. Furnival that he must suit himself with another clerk, when he remembered his fees, and paused. It would be very pleasant to him to quit Mr. Furnival, but where could he get such another place? He knew that he himself was invaluable, but then he was invaluable only to Mr. Furnival. Mr. Furnival would be mad to part with him, Mr. Crabwitz thought; but then would he not be almost more mad to part with Mr. Furnival? "Eh; well?" said Mr. Furnival. "Oh! of course; if you desire it, Mr. Furnival, I will remain. But I must say I think it is rather hard." was jealous of his proceedings with reference to other goddessos. But she had never before done this in the presence of other people; she had never allowed any special goddess to see that she was the special object of such jealousy. Now she had not only committed herself in this way, but had also committed him, making him feel himself to be ridiculous; and it was highly necessary that some steps should be taken; if he only knew what step! All which kept his mind active as he journeyed in the cab. At the station he found three or four other lawyers, all bound for Birmingham. Indeed, during this fortnight the whole line had been alive with learned gentlemen going to and fro, discussing weighty points as they rattled along the iron road, and shaking their ponderous heads at the new ideas which were being ventilated. Mr. Furnival, with many others-indeed, with most of those who were so far advanced in the world as to be making bread by their profession was of opinion that all this palaver that was going on in the various tongues of Babel would end as it began-in words. "Vox et præterea nihil." To practical Englishmen most of these international congresses seem to arrive at nothing else. Men will not be talked out of the convictions of their lives. No living orator would convince a grocer that coffee should be sold without chiccory; and no amount of eloquence will make an English lawyer think that loyalty to truth should come before loyalty to his client. And therefore our own pundits, though on this occasion they went to Birmingham, summoned by the greatness of the occasion, by the dignity of foreign names, by interest in the question, and by the influence of such men as Lord Boanerges, went there without any doubt on their minds as to the rectitude of their own practice, and fortified with strong resolves to resist all idea of change. And indeed one can not understand how the bent of any man's mind should be altered by the sayings and doings of such a congress. "Look here, Mr. Crabwitz; if you think my service is too hard upon you, you had better "Well, Johnson, what have you all been doleave it. But if you take upon yourself to telling to-day?" asked Mr. Furnival of a special me so again, you must leave it. Remember friend whom he chanced to meet at the club that.” Mr. Furnival possessed the master mind which had been extemporized at Birmingof the two; and Mr. Crabwitz felt this as he ham. slunk back to his own room. So Mr. Round also was at Birmingham, and could be seen there. This was so far well; and Mr. Furnival, having again with ruthless malice sent Mr. Crabwitz for a cab, at once started for the Euston Square Station. He could master Mr. Crabwitz, and felt a certain pleasure in having done so; but could he master Mrs. F.? That lady had on one or two late occasions shown her anger at the existing state of her domestic affairs, and had once previously gone so far as to make her lord understand that she "We have had a paper read by Von Bauhr. It lasted three hours." "Three hours! Heavens! Von Bauhr is, I think, from Berlin." "Yes; he and Dr. Slotacher. Slotacher is to read his paper the day after to-morrow." "Then I think I shall go to London again. But what did Von Bauhr say to you during those three hours?" "Of course it was all in German, and I don't suppose that any one understood him—unless it was Boanerges. But I believe it was the old story, going to show that the same man might be judge, advocate, and jury." "No doubt; if men were machines, and if you could find such machines perfect at all points in their machinery." "And if the machines had no hearts ?" "Machines don't have hearts," said Mr. Furnival; "especially those in Germany. And what did Boanerges say? His answer did not take three hours more, I hope." "About twenty minutes; but what he did say was lost on Von Bauhr, who understands as much English as I do German. He said that the practice of the Prussian courts had always been to him a subject of intense interest, and that the general justice of their verdicts could not be impugned." "Nor ought it, seeing that a single trial for murder will occupy a court for three weeks. He should have asked Von Bauhr how much work he usually got through in the course of a sessions. I don't seem to have lost much by being away. By-the-by, do you happen to know whether Round is here?" "What, old Round? I saw him in the hall to-day yawning as though he would burst." And then Mr. Furnival strolled off to look for the attorney among the various purlieus frequented by the learned strangers. “Furnival,” said another barrister, accosting him-an elderly man, small, with sharp eyes and bushy eyebrows, dirty in his attire and poor in his general appearance, "have you seen Judge Staveley?" This was Mr. Chaffanbrass, great at the Old Bailey, a man well able to hold his own in spite of the meanness of his appearance. At such a meeting as this the English bar generally could have had no better representative than Mr. Chaffanbrass. posed that any lawyer could get up at will, as Von At last Mr. Furnival succeeded in hunting up Mr. Round, and found him recruiting outraged nature with a glass of brandy-and-water and a cigar. "Looking for me, have you? Well, here I am; that is to say, what is left of me. Were you in the hall to-day?" "No; I was up in town." "Ah! that accounts for your being so fresh. I wish I had been there. Do you ever do any thing in this way ?" and Mr. Round touched the outside of his glass of toddy with his spoon. Mr. Furnival said that he never did do any thing in that way, which was true. Port wine was his way, and it may be doubted whether on the whole it is not the more dangerous way of the two. But Mr. Furnival, though he would not drink brandy-and-water or smoke cigars, sat down opposite to Mr. Round, and had soon broached the subject which was on his mind. "Yes," said the attorney, "it is quite true "We're to have the Italian to-morrow, are that I had a letter on the subject from Mr. Mawe ?" "No; is he here?" "He must be here. He is the only man they could find who knows enough Italian to understand what that fat fellow from Florence will say to-morrow." "Yes; and Staveley afterward. It's as good as a play; only, like all plays, it's three times too long. I wonder whether any body here believes in it?" "Yes, Felix Graham does." "He believes every thing-unless it is the Bible. He is one of those young men who look for an instant millennium, and who regard themselves not only as the prophets who foretell it, but as the preachers who will produce it. For myself, I am too old for a new gospel, with Felix Graham as an apostle." son. The lady is not wrong in supposing that some one is moving in the matter." "And your client wishes you to take up the case again?" "No doubt he does. He was not a man that I ever greatly liked, Mr. Furnival, though I believe he means well. He thinks that he has been ill used; and perhaps he was ill used—by his father." "But that can be no possible reason for badgering the life out of his father's widow twenty years after his father's death." "Of course he thinks that he has some new "They say that Boanerges thinks a great evidence. I can't say I looked into the matter deal of him." much myself. I did read the letter; but that was all, and then I handed it to my son. As far as I remember, Mr. Mason said that some attorney at Hamworth had been to him." "That can't be true, for Boanerges never thought much of any one but himself. Well, I'm off to bed, for I find a day here ten times more fatiguing than the Old Bailey in July." On the whole the meeting was rather dull, as such meetings usually are. It must not be sup "Exactly; a low fellow whom you would be ashamed to see in your office! He fancies that young Mason has injured him; and though he |