A Survey of English SpellingPublished at a time when literacy and spelling are issues of topical concern, A Survey of English Spelling offers an authoritative, comprehensive and up-to-date account of this important but hitherto neglected area of the English language. The text brings together an extensive body of knowledge, both synthesized from diverse sources and original, unpublished research. The emphasis is on a functional exploration of the spelling regularities and markers that underpin literacy in English. There are four core sections: a critical survey of the methods and problems involved in describing the regularities of English spelling, including the influence of dialect and the classification of spelling errors; an analysis of speech-to-text correspondences, phoneme by phoneme; an analysis of text-to-speech correspondences as a set of rules; and a description of homographs and homophones, including affixes. Carney also gives a detailed account of the spelling conventions found in names and a description and critique of the main proposals for the reform of English spelling. A large database has been used throughout to provide a wealth of examples, statistics and analyses. A Survey of English Spelling will be an invaluable reference book for students, professionals, teachers and academics in all areas of English Language, Linguistics and Speech Pathology. The carefully signposted text and detailed contents listing will allow the reader pursuing a specialist interest to access specific information with ease. |
Contents
IV | 1 |
V | 3 |
VI | 5 |
VII | 6 |
VIII | 7 |
IX | 8 |
X | 9 |
XI | 11 |
CXVII | 214 |
CXVIII | 216 |
CXIX | 223 |
CXX | 226 |
CXXI | 227 |
CXXII | 228 |
CXXIII | 231 |
CXXIV | 232 |
XII | 14 |
XIII | 15 |
XIV | 16 |
XV | 18 |
XVI | 20 |
XVII | 21 |
XVIII | 24 |
XIX | 26 |
XX | 28 |
XXI | 29 |
XXII | 30 |
XXIII | 32 |
XXIV | 34 |
XXV | 35 |
XXVI | 36 |
XXVII | 38 |
XXVIII | 40 |
XXIX | 41 |
XXX | 42 |
XXXI | 45 |
XXXII | 46 |
XXXIII | 47 |
XXXIV | 48 |
XXXV | 50 |
XXXVI | 51 |
XXXVII | 52 |
XXXVIII | 54 |
XXXIX | 55 |
XL | 56 |
XLI | 58 |
XLII | 60 |
XLIII | 61 |
XLIV | 62 |
XLV | 63 |
XLVI | 66 |
XLVIII | 69 |
XLIX | 76 |
L | 77 |
LI | 78 |
LII | 79 |
LIII | 81 |
LIV | 82 |
LV | 84 |
LVII | 86 |
LVIII | 87 |
LIX | 88 |
LX | 89 |
LXII | 92 |
LXIII | 94 |
LXIV | 95 |
LXV | 96 |
LXVII | 97 |
LXVIII | 100 |
LXIX | 102 |
LXX | 104 |
LXXI | 107 |
LXXII | 109 |
LXXIII | 112 |
LXXIV | 114 |
LXXV | 119 |
LXXVI | 121 |
LXXVII | 122 |
LXXIX | 123 |
LXXXI | 124 |
LXXXV | 125 |
LXXXVII | 129 |
LXXXVIII | 130 |
XC | 131 |
XCI | 134 |
XCII | 135 |
XCIII | 141 |
XCIV | 143 |
XCV | 144 |
XCVI | 147 |
XCVII | 149 |
XCVIII | 151 |
XCIX | 155 |
C | 164 |
CI | 169 |
CII | 171 |
CIII | 177 |
CV | 181 |
CVI | 186 |
CVII | 190 |
CVIII | 192 |
CIX | 194 |
CX | 196 |
CXI | 200 |
CXII | 202 |
CXIII | 203 |
CXIV | 210 |
CXV | 211 |
CXVI | 212 |
CXXVI | 238 |
CXXVII | 240 |
CXXVIII | 242 |
CXXIX | 243 |
CXXX | 244 |
CXXXI | 246 |
CXXXII | 248 |
CXXXIII | 249 |
CXXXIV | 251 |
CXXXV | 253 |
CXXXVI | 254 |
CXXXVII | 256 |
CXXXVIII | 257 |
CXL | 258 |
CXLI | 263 |
CXLII | 267 |
CXLIII | 270 |
CXLIV | 273 |
CXLV | 275 |
CXLVI | 280 |
CXLIX | 300 |
CL | 301 |
CLI | 306 |
CLII | 307 |
CLIII | 322 |
CLV | 328 |
CLVI | 329 |
CLVII | 337 |
CLIX | 338 |
CLX | 339 |
CLXII | 341 |
CLXIII | 356 |
CLXIV | 357 |
CLXV | 358 |
CLXVI | 359 |
CLXVII | 365 |
CLXVIII | 371 |
CLXIX | 376 |
CLXXI | 377 |
CLXXII | 378 |
CLXXIII | 380 |
CLXXIV | 381 |
CLXXV | 395 |
CLXXVI | 398 |
CLXXVII | 401 |
CLXXVIII | 407 |
CLXXIX | 409 |
CLXXX | 410 |
CLXXXI | 413 |
CLXXXII | 417 |
CLXXXIII | 420 |
CLXXXIV | 421 |
CLXXXV | 422 |
CLXXXVI | 424 |
CLXXXVII | 426 |
CLXXXVIII | 428 |
CLXXXIX | 429 |
CXCII | 430 |
CXCV | 431 |
CXCVII | 432 |
CXCVIII | 433 |
CCI | 438 |
CCIII | 440 |
CCIV | 441 |
CCV | 443 |
CCVI | 446 |
CCVII | 448 |
CCVIII | 449 |
CCIX | 451 |
CCX | 452 |
CCXI | 454 |
CCXII | 458 |
CCXIII | 459 |
CCXIV | 461 |
CCXV | 462 |
CCXVI | 463 |
CCXVII | 464 |
CCXIX | 465 |
CCXX | 467 |
CCXXI | 468 |
CCXXII | 473 |
CCXXIII | 474 |
CCXXIV | 477 |
CCXXV | 479 |
CCXXVI | 481 |
CCXXVII | 483 |
CCXXVIII | 489 |
494 | |
512 | |
522 | |
527 | |
531 | |
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Common terms and phrases
99 per cent accents algorithm allomorphs bias towards high bias towards longer bias towards low bias towards shorter C>-doubling cent correct cluster common consonant letter context core rule default rule default spelling derived forms digraph diphthong Distribution of variant double e>-marking Efficiency empty letter English spelling English writing system Examples Exceptions ǝʊ final free variation free-form French frequency words function words grapheme Greek Hanna heavy workload high TF words homographs homophones instances lexical words literacy loan-words long vowel longer words low TF words marginal rule marked marker minority spellings monosyllables Mont Follick morpheme names nouns percentage points phoneme phonological plural predictions prefixes reader regular represent short vowel simply speller spelling pronunciation spelling reform spelling rules spelt stem stressed strong bias suffix syllable-medial text frequency unstressed syllables usually variant spellings verb vowel letter vowel reduction vowel spelling word-final writing system