the Maritime Provinces; declared that if they were to hold their own in competition with the Western Provinces it was necessary to act together and strengthen the influence of this organization.

He denounced the waste of bye-products at the mill and the agricultural waste which meant deserted farms and dilapidated buildings; urged better immigration arrangements, improvement in fishery regulations and methods and promotion of the coal and iron industry by prohibiting the export of iron-ore; suggested that people in the Provinces with money for investment should put it into manufactures instead of into stocks, bonds and Western lands; urged the purchase of supplies and goods in the home towns instead of in the distant departmental stores of other Provinces; pointed an Insurance moral from the Campbellton fire. Resolutions were passed favouring Provincial construction of roads between the main centres of the several Provinces-such roads to be placed under the control of a skilled expert in each Province; asking the Dominion Government to facilitate and hasten the carriage of English mails and passengers landed at Rimouski for the Maritime Provinces; demanding more attention from the Dominion Immigration Department to the needs of these Provinces; urging the Dominion Government to reduce existing passenger and freight rates on the Intercolonial Railway; declaring in favour of Provincial guarantees for future issues of municipal bonds; asking for the more stringent enforcement of laws relating to Forest conservation, water-powers, sea-fishing, game animals, and birds; opposing the sale of lumber-lands to aliens. A Resolution in favour of closer trade relations with the United States was withdrawn after some discussion and Moncton was chosen for the next place of meeting. The following officers were elected, after Mr. F. W. Sumner of Moncton had declined the Presidency: President, Captain J. E. Master, Moncton; 1st Vice-President, Captain Augustus Cann, Yarmouth; 2nd Vice-President, James Paton, Charlottetown; Corresponding Secretary, Lea B. Reed, Moncton; Secretary, Thomas Wiliams, Moncton.

The Canadian Federation of Boards of Trade met at Ottawa on Mch. 2nd with Mr. Peter Whelan, President, in the chair. The main object of this organization was the helping of the Georgian Bay Canal project. It had 125 Boards of Trade in affiliation though, as Mr. Peter White, K.C., pointed out, only $1,000 of cash receipts. Regulations were approved as to substantial fees for future membership in the Association. A large deputation waited upon the Government composed of Delegates from 113 Municipal or Board of Trade organizations and presented the following Resolution: "That the Federation desires to re-affirm the paramount importance to Canada of the Georgian Bay Canal, and deems it advisable to urge upon the Government to make arrangements for the commencement of the work, either as a public undertaking or by private enterprise, under proper safeguards and with such

assistance as may be necessary, at the earliest possible date." The Premier replied in sympathetic but vague terms. Mr. Whelan

was re-elected President and A. J. Forward Secretary.

On Nov. 3rd a preliminary meeting of various Ontario Boards of Trade Toronto, Belleville, Berlin, Brantford, Brockville, Galt, Hamilton, Peterborough, Ingersoll, Kingston and St. Catharines— took place in Toronto to discuss the formation of an Associated Board of Trade for the Province. Mr. W. J. Gage presided, F. G. Morley acted as Secretary and it was decided to go ahead with organization and to try and interest all the Provincial Boards in the subject. In Montreal, on May 25-26, the 2nd annual meeting of the Federation des Chambres de Commerce de la Province de Quebec had met with M. Isaie Préfontaine in the chair. Delegates were present from the French Boards of Trade in Chicoutimi, Drummond County, St. Hyacinthe, Ville-Marie, Quebec, Three Rivers, Montreal, Lake Megantic, Fraserville, and Lachine. Resolutions were passed congratulating the Federal Government upon its work in improving the St. Lawrence Waterway and suggesting that Fraserville be given certain Port privileges and facilities; asking for a codification of the Federal laws relating to commerce; approving proposed Federal legislation making the salaries of Civil servants liable to distraining process; supporting the Georgian Bay Canal project as a national undertaking; suggesting a study of the Postal rates with a view to reductions in the interior of Canada; declaring the winter navigation of the St. Lawrence possible and urging that continuous experiments be made with a certain class of boat; asking for a uniform Federal bankruptcy law; supporting the movement for better roads throughout Quebec. Officers were elected as follows:

In the West the Associated Boards of Trade of Western Canada met in Convention at Brandon on June 9-10 with President William Cousins of Medicine Hat in the chair. A number of Resolutions were passed: (1) urging the Dominion Government to grant longer time, in certain cases, to cattle ranchers with notice of termination to be increased from two to four years; (2) recommending the three Provincial Western Governments to each engage a transportation Expert who should study the tariffs of the operating railways in each Province and endeavour to adjust differences between mercantile and railway interests; (3) inviting the co-opera

tion of the Dominion and Western Governments with the Railway Companies" through the agents of the latter and with the Labour Exchanges in the older countries to procure the supply of labour necessary to assist in harvesting the grain crop" and asking a modification in the Immigration laws to facilitate the admission of farm-hands; (4) requesting the Dominion Government to construct adequate Immigration halls for incoming settlers and for increased facilities at customs offices throughout the West; (5) asking legislation to make overdue debts bear interest in the same way as overdue notes; (6) urging the three Western Governments to "introduce and pass such legislation as would make the using of a standard form of fire insurance policy compulsory"; (7) suggesting a reduction of commercial telegraph rates and the appointment of a Western man, with commercial training, to the vacant place on the Railway Commission; (8) urging the improvement of navigation on the Saskatchewan River; (9) favouring Dominion legislation for a re-adjustment of the duties on imported fresh fruits and vegetables on a straight ad valorem basis; (10) requesting an investigation into the "combine" prices said to be charged for cement by the Canadian Cement Company.

By a standing vote the Convention passed a Resolution of regret at the King's death and of felicitations to his successor upon the Throne. Invitations had been sent to 49 Boards in Manitoba, 47 in Saskatchewan and 39 in Alberta. The absence of representation from Edmonton, hitherto an active Board in the Association, caused some comment. Lethbridge was chosen for the next meeting-place and E. M. Saunders of Moose Jaw was elected President with William Georgeson of Calgary, M. Isbister of Saskatoon, C. G. K. Nourse of Lethbridge, and E. D. Martin of Winnipeg, as Vice-Presidents. John T. Hall of Brandon remained Secretary-Treasurer. Meanwhile, at Saskatoon, a meeting of the Consolidated Boards of Trade had been held with seven Boards represented and President M. Isbister in the chair. Resolutions were passed urging the early completion of the Grand Trunk Pacific between Saskatoon and Edmonton and the establishment of a longdistance telephone between those points; asking the Provincial Government not to extend the charter of the Canadian Northern Railway for the completion of the road from Prince Albert to Battleford in order to ensure immediate construction; and proposing that the Government should grant towns, having 25 phones, a local exchange instead of requiring 50 phones.

The 12th annual Convention of the Associated Boards of Trade of Eastern British Columbia was held at Nelson on Jan. 26th with President G. O. Buchanan of Kaslo in the chair and delegates present from Wakusp, Creston, Fernie, Nelson, Kaslo, Trail, Moyie, Greenwood, Rossland and Cranbrook. Mr. Buchanan in his address drew attention to the increased United States duty

upon zinc and the lighter duties upon lumber and coal and stated the mineral production of Southern Kootenay and Southern Yale at $17,220,000 in value during 1909 with $1,125,000 worth of lumber. Resolutions were passed re-affirming the desire for Provincial legislation providing for the immediate construction, maintenance and operation by the Government of a public telephone system in British Columbia; calling the Provincial Government's attention to the need for prompt construction of certain specified roads and bridges in the District represented by the Convention; asking for a dredge on Kootenay Lake, locks on the Lower Arrow Lake, and resumption of the Kaslo and Slocan Railway; urging the Dominion Government to establish Experimental Farms in the Kootenay and the Provincial Government to establish Fruit Farms of the same character; favouring the Dominion purchase of gold and silver at the Trail (B.C.) Refinery and the coinage of silver dollars at the Royal Mint, Ottawa; asking for a uniform interProvincial Boiler Inspection Act; demanding relief from unfair United States lumber competition by the imposition of a Dominion duty of $2.00 per 1,000 feet on rough lumber; protesting against any extension of time, or of concessions, to the Vancouver, Victoria and Eastern Railway until it shall have completed its promised and authorized line from Grand Forks to Midway and fulfilled other obligations in Southern British Columbia; suggesting the establishment by the Dominion Government of a Permanent Trade Tribunal with power to act as a court of commercial men sitting in all cases of alleged trade combines; urging the Provincial Government to abolish entirely its Personal Property Tax. It was decided to hold the next Convention at Creston. Mr. Buchanan retired after holding the Presidency for eight years and was succeeded by Fred A. Starkey of Nelson. H. Giegerich of Kaslo was elected Vice-President and A. B. Mackenzie re-elected Secretary-Treasurer.

During this year a vigorous effort was made by C. H. StuartWade, Secretary of the New Westminster Board, to organize new Boards in the Fraser River Valley and combine them for purposes of mutual interest. He was successful at Surrey, Maple Ridge, Matsqui, Sumas, South Vancouver, Burnaby, Delta, Richmond and Point Grey, Langley and Ladner. Chilliwack and Mission already had Boards in existence. Local meetings were held frequently and the Secretaries met once a month at New Westminster to discuss plans for advertising and co-operation for the betterment of commercial and agricultural conditions in the Valley. A Printers' Board of Trade for the Boundary and the Kootenays was organized at Nelson, B.C., on July 18 with Delegates present, or proxies, from practically every Printing Office in those large districts. F. J. Smyth of Moyie was elected President and W. M. Foster of Nelson, Secretary-Treasurer.

The annual Convention of the Associated Boards of Trade of the Okanagan Valley was held at Kelowna on Feb. 3rd with representation present from that place, Vernon, Summerland, etc. Resolutions were passed asking the Provincial Government to increase the Okanagan representation to the Assembly; requesting the Dominion Minister of Agriculture to establish Experimental Farms in the Valley; suggesting a uniform system of book-keeping in the Province and the appointment of an Inspector of Audits; urging the Canadian Northern and Great Northern to bring their Lines into the Okanagan; arranging for an advertising campaign -particularly in England-and asking for better rates on canned goods to the Coast. The Associated Boards of Trade of East Kootenay was organized at Fernie on Apr. 28th with M. A. Macdonald of Cranbrook as President and J. T. Brenner as SecretaryTreasurer. Besides Cranbrook the Fernie and Michel Boards were represented and Hosmer was affiliated. Resolutions were passed asking improved local services on the Canadian Pacific Railway and additional Fire Wardens in the Forest region; urging the Provincial Government to pay all personal taxes back to the municipalities concerned. The Moyie Board declined to leave the Eastern British Columbia organization to which it belonged.

Of incidents during the year amongst individual Boards it may be stated that the Toronto Board took credit to itself and deserved much for a long and active agitation on the Canadian copyright issue; that the Victoria Board on Oct. 14th declared its appreciation of the Provincial Government's policy in building waggon roads and urged the continuance and expansion of this policy; that the same Board approved on Nov. 8th a suggestion of the Vancouver Board looking to the formation of a Provincial Bureau of Transportation to take charge of Coast business interests in that connection; that the Winnipeg Board (Nov. 1) endorsed the organization of a local Charities Bureau, urged the building of the Hudson's Bay Railway as a national work under perpetual Government ownership, and declined to express an opinion on British Preferential Trade as being a party question in the United Kingdom. The Dartmouth, N.S., Board (Nov. 16) urged the Provincial Government to take steps for the establishment of permanent roads between the centres of Nova Scotia, and the Dominion Government to pay more attention to the Province in its Immigration literature.

The Montreal Board during the year received a special Report on the Long Sault Development Co. project of draining the St. Lawrence, from R. Wilson Reford and G. F. Benson, and memorialized the Government against the scheme; re-affirmed its belief in the extension of the Intercolonial to Georgian Bay and the canalling and deepening of the Georgian Bay and French and Ottawa River route in preference to any deepening of the Welland Canal;