consideration would probably exceed the expense of repairs. I suppose the present rate of carriage from Reading, may amount to about fifty shillings a ton, or more; whereas if a good hauling road was cleared along the, banks of the river, and the current moderated by the means above mentioned, and kept up to the depth of three feet or upwards, the carriage by water might be afforded for fifteen shillings per ton; for a flat of 100 tons burden, might be navigated up and down the river, by four men and two horses, in a week or ten days; the charge of which would not amount to ten pounds a week, whereas allowing a dollar per ton for toll, the remaining dollar on 100 tons downwards and 25 tons upwards, amount to 461. 17s. 6d. each voyage; a profit much more than sufficient. But the advantages derived to the country by this means, would be far more considerable; for admitting the advance on the value of wheat at Reading, to be only nine-pence a bushel, and that only an extent of fifty miles square could receive the benefit of this undertaking, it amounts to one million six hundred thousand acres, of which supposing only a twentieth part in grain, and to produce 20 bushels per acre, half of which to be expended in the country, the advance upon the half exported, at the rate above mentioned, amounts to thirty thousand pound; to which if the profits arising from moderating the carriage of iron, timber, masts and boards (which three last should pay but half toll) and also from the goods returned, be added, the amount may be fairly doubled, amounting to sixty thousand pounds per annum,-a sum probaby equal to more than half the expence of erecting the navigation. To this it will be objected, that the freshes which arise at the breaking up of the winter, are commonly so great, the current so rapid, and the bodies of ice so forcible (accompanied with logs and other incumbrances) that no dams could possibly resist their force, but inevitably be torn down, and the whole project be thereby rendered abortive. (Avot cent. The first payment by way of trial: After whis if the design is approved (the subscriber giving company proper security for their payments) notes credit might be issued, under proper limitations, whe by the navigation might be expeditiously brought perfection; and the profits arising therefrom being a ed to the annual payments, the money would proba be repaid in a few years, and the subscribers becopossessed of a very valuable property, at a trifling pense. Si quid novisti, rectius istis Candidus; imperti si non, his utere mecum. 1|70|75|71|72||29.70|75|81|29.75 Friday 347 WINDS. SE 267 74 73 71 90 93 95 921 SE 96 90 87 91 SE 87 80 76 81 SE 57479 74 726471 69 S 60 55 50 551 SW I shall answer this by observing, that the rivers in England, in many places, are more rapid and furious than Schuylkill; and though the moderation of their winters, in the south of that kingdom, and near the sea, may prevent their rivers freezing, yet, in the mountainous parts of the north, this is by no means the case; they are frequently frozen over to a great thickness; and as those frosts mostly break up with heavy rains, and the country has a great declivity, their rivers swell to a height, and pour down with a rapidity vastly supe. rior to Schuylkill, bringing ice and logs along with them; and yet many of those rivers are made navigable by the means here proposed, and those which are not, have dams across them for the benefit of mills, as well as bridges, many of which continue for ages: And if the trifling profits of a grist-mill (seldom amounting to fifty pounds per annum) can support the expense of a dam, how inconsiderable must it be, compared with the value of so important a navigation as here presents itself. 'Tis true, few of those rivers are as wide as Schuylkill; but as water acts not in proportion to its width but to its weight and rapidity, there can be no doubt but that if dams were erected with equal care and judgment, they would continue as well as those in England; especially considering that the present velocity of the stream, would, by these means, be much | Mean, moderated, and its impression upon the dam proportionably lessened.--Admitting, therefore, the property in this navigation (computed at one hundred thousand 10 11 16 pounds) to be divided into one thousand shares, and vested by law in the subscribers; together with an act of incorporation, and the necessary powers for putting the project in execution; each subscriber to be repul- 589 13 31 ed a member of the corporation, and enjoy as many votes in the choice of managers, &c. as he subscribes shares, the payment to be made annually, at five per 29166 75 71 70 Thermometer. Difference, 14 26 Days of the month. 123412 67 25 1 1 day North-east East. 5 days South-eas 5 South. 3 South-wes 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 27 28 30 11 15 29 REMINISCENSES OF LANCASTER.-RAIL ROADS. A. 1831.] Showery. Range in the month, 40°. Thunder gusts. No clouds seen. Th., heavy rain. at 90°; the highest. at 50°; the lowest. 101 of this "swamp;" one on the lot occupied by Judge An early letter thus says: "The run is called by the "Gibson's pasture," afterwards "Sanderson's pasture," was leased at an early period by Mr. Hamilton to Adam Reigart, Esq., and continues at the present day in the occupancy of his son Emanuel Reigart, Esq. The land of Mr. Montgomery lies nearly contiguous, but includes no part of that known formerly as "Sanderson's pasture." An old letter mentions "the log cabin of the widow Buchanan." We cannot find her name among the purchasers of lots; therefore, suppose she was merely a tenant. Some of the early deeds include both an in-lot and an On the 2d, evening, Barometer, at 29.95; the highest. out-lot, but it does not appear that every purchaser of an in-lot was entitled to an out-lot. The swamp to the On the 23d, evening, do. at 29.37; the lowest. north of Gibson's must have extended from the centre Range in the month, 00.58 inches. The difference of temperature between the mornings Orange streets,) to the swamp (along the run) now Waof the square (bounded by Duke, Queen, Chestnut, and and noons, or mid-days, from 5 to 20°. The wind has been 7 days East of the meridian, 16 days West of it, 3 days North of it, and 5 days South. There was rain on 19 days of this month, viz. 1st, 20, 3d,4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th,14th, 18th, 20th, 22d, 23d, 24th, 26th, 28th, 30th and 31st. The heaviest the 1st, 5th, 6th, 23d, 24th, 26th and 30th. Thunder gusts on the 5th, 6th, 14th, 22d, 23d, 24th, 26th, 30th and 31st. On the 26th and 30th, the streets in Harrisburg were, in many places, covered with water. There were but three days in the whole month perfectly clear of clouds; nine days fair, that is, partly clear and partly cloudy at the same time. On the other nineteen days it rained more or less each day. The rains generally fell in showers, with short intervals of sunshine between them. The mean temperature of this month was 1 degree warmer than last June, and 83 degrees colder than July 1830. I think so wet a summer, in the middle part of the United States, has not been for half a century. REMINISCENSES OF CITY OF LANCASTER. To refer to the early settlement of a town, and rescue from oblivion some of the transactions and original features, must be always attended with difficulty when a long period has elapsed. We have examined documents, and conversed with many of our aged and intelligent citizens; from these sources we have derived the following information: The first deeds for lots in the town of Lancaster, bear the date of one thousand seven hundred and thirty-five. We remark the names of "Jacob Funk," "Frederick Stroble," and "John Powell;" date of their deeds is May twentieth, one thousand seven hundred and thirtyfive. John Powell's lot was situate at the corner of Orange and Duke streets. Dr. De Fresne resides on and owns the lot of "Frederick Stroble." George Gibson's date of deed is fourteenth of January, one thousand seven hundred and forty, for lot number two hundred and twenty-one. Governor Pownall thus writes: "The house in which Gibson resides, is opposite a spring, and was included in the original plot of the town;" again, "a swamp lay in front, another of some extent lay to the north." The question arises, where lay the swamp, to the north of Gibsons? We were informed, that it was situated back of Dr. De Fresne's, but upon further inquiry, we learn that it was back of the yellow frame house in which the Doctor formerly resided, situated on Duke street, between Orange and Chestnut; the remains of which were filled up by direction of Dr. De Fresne. Several fine springs are still in existence in the vicinity in a former notice, that this swamp was drained by a ter street. We have been informed, as we mentioned account of the location of Lancaster, will be fully exditch cut into the brook. The inaccuracies in the former plained by what we have now stated, derived from respectable authorities. When Sanderson gave up the occupancy of the "pasture," consisting of about twenty acres, it was leased to Adam Reigart, Esq. This was the land on which Mr. fine spring on it, is high and commanding, and would Hamilton originally intended for the town. It has a have been a beautiful and judicious scite.-Lancaster Miscellany. RAIL ROADS. We are indebted to a gentleman of this city, who has spent time and money, and exercised talents, on the subject of internal improvement, for the following letter from a congenial spirit. Our readers have once or twice been indebted to the same source, and through the same channel, for important information on the subject of rail-roads.-United States Gazette. Conversation with Mr. Woodhouse, Engineer of the Cromford and Park Forest Rail-Way, when I visited that work, June 17, 1831. This rail-way is 32 miles long, and has been in progress six years, and will be completed on the 1st of July, 1831, at an expense of £140,000. Of the whole length, only 113 miles are a double line of rail-way-the remaining 21 miles are a single line, but so constructed, that an additional tract can be laid at the moderate expense of £20,000. The rails are of cast iron, and are in lengths of 4 feet, each weighing 84 lbs., and they cost about 20 per cent. less than wrought iron rails. They are edge rails. The difficulties overcome are great. In the first place, there are 9 inclined planes, of which 5 overcome an ascent of 1000 feet from Cromford, and 4 a descent of 800 feet to Whaley Bridge. In the second place, there is much deep cutting, several tunnels (one of 590 yards long through a coal measure), and several expensive embankments. At the inclined planes, the steam engines (18 in number) are in pairs; of which, 7 pairs are of 20 horse power each, and 2 pairs of 10 horse power each. The longest plane is 850 yards. The greatest rise on the planes, is at the rate of 44 inches to the yard-the least is 2 inches to the yard. The ve locity in ascending the planes is 4 miles per hour. The cost of transporting coal and lime, is 14d per ton per mile-for merchandise, the cost is 3d per ton per mile. Horse-power is used on the levels, and is not intended to carry passengers. It is supposed this rail-way will 102 TEMPERANCE. AUGUST contrary to his orders, the missing parts were supplied, by a person ignorant of the principles of the machine, and when put in motion, the accident occurred, which you will see mentioned in the newspapers. Mr. Guerney has been most unfairly treated. The distance between Cheltenham and Gloucester is upwards of nine miles, and the journey is accomplished within the hour. When will our abominable turnpikes be made sufficiently good to enable locomotives to travel on them? not, for some years, be productive property, the stock is now selling for £50 to £100 paid, but when united with the Manchester and Liverpool rail-way, it is supposed it will become valuable. This union will be effected in a few years by the Manchester and Sheffield Rail-way Company; of whose road 19 miles will be so much towards the accomplishment of the union, and the remaining 1 mile will be made by the Cromford and Park Forest Rail-way Company. From this you will understand, that the western termination of this rail-way at Whaley Bridge, is 20 miles distant from Manchester. The object in constructing this rail-way is to effect a union between the "Cromford and Derby Canal" and the "Manchester and Whaley Canal," which it may be said is now accomplished. This rail-way is altogether in Derbyshire, and goes over the Peak. The celebrated engineer, Mr. Jessup, planned and laid out this rail-perance to the community. Nearly all the business which engages the attention of our magistrates, and criminal way. The reason for having two steam engines at each courts, originates in the indulgence of that pernicious plane, is, in case of accident to one of them, the other habit. may be used, so that there will be no interruption to COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OFFICE, the traffic. July 25, 1831. LIVERPOOL, June 23, 1831. My Dear Sir-Knowing how deep an interest you feel in all works for the promotion of the prosperity of our country, I send you a memorandum of the heads of a conversation I had with Mr. Woodhouse, of the Derbyshire rail-way, as I think the circumstances of this enterprise are so similar to those of the contemplated rail-way over the Allegheny Mountain, to join the Eastern and Western grand Canal of Pennsylvania, that its success. ful accomplishment may stimulate our state to renewed exertion to finish the portage rail-way in the shortest possible time. You may inquire, why it is thought this rail-way will not be productive property? The reason is, that it is on no great thoroughfare, and its route is over the highest hills in England, where there is little or no population, and the lead mines, for the conveyance of whose produce, this work was principally introduced, are now almost deserted. As soon as the junction of the Manchester rail-way is accomplished, there will be a complete rail-road communication from Liverpool to the Valley of the Derwent, when this work will be a thoroughfare for the traffic between Liverpool and Manchester on the west, and Derby and Nottingham and other rich and populous places on the east. This railway will then be a productive work. Our portage railway is on the great thoroughfare between the Atlantic coast and the immense and fertile region of the west, and cannot fail to be productive of revenue to the state as soon as completed. Pray exert your influence to have our rail-way over the Allegheny completed soon. Without it, our great Eastern and Western Canals will be comparatively of little value. I am sure you will be much gratified with the Liverpool and Manchester Rail-way. I have travelled on it some twelve or fourteen times, and each time I am more pleased with it. The usual number of passengers daily, is about 1,200, who are about one hour and a half on the journey-on a particular occasion, a locomotive went from town to town in fifty-eight minutes. I have been one of 300 passengers in a train; but on the late occa-sion of the Newton races, there was a train consisting of three locomotives and thirty-five carriages, which contained 900 passengers. It was an exceedingly im posing sight to view this immense line of carriages flying along at the rate of (in some places) one mile per minute. Nothing can exceed the magnificence and comfort of this means of conveyance. Every day the importance of this great work is becoming more and more properly appreciated. Guerney's locomotive has been running on the common turnpike road, from Cheltenham to Gloucester for the last four months, full of passengers, without a single accident. The cause of the accident, the other day to his locomotive at Glasgow, was, that when he left that town to return to Cornwall, he took from it several important parts of the machinery, to prevent it from being used during his absence, but TEMPERANCE. The following answers to inquiries made by "the Pennsylvania Society for Discouraging the Use of Ardent Spirits," further illustrating the evils and cost of Intem in your communication of the 22d instant, we now send Dear Sir-In compliance with the request contained Years. Oyer & Ter. $1,234 07 $8,648 46 7,186 36 6,210 25 1,091 46 1829, 1830, Comm'rs of the County of Phil. To ROBERTS VAUX, President of the Pennsylvania Society for Discouraging the Use of Ardent Spirits. PHILADELPHIA, July 28, 1831. Dear Sir-I will with great pleasure give you all the information which you required by your note of 27th instant. There is no situation which exhibits more clearly the evil effects of the too frequent use of Ardent Spirits, than that which I now hold. The whole number of persons brought before the Mayor, on the charge of intoxication, since the 25th of October last, is 628. There has been before him for breaches of the peace, which JOHN S. CASH, Clerk to the Mayor. JUNIATA COUNTY. An Act erecting all that part of Mifflin county South and East of the Black Log and Shade Mountains into a separate county to be called Juniata. SECTION 1. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representative of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in General Assembly met, and it is hereby enacted by the authority of the same, That all that part of Mifflin county laying south and east of a line beginning on the summit of Black Log mountain where the Huntingdon county line crosses the same, and running thence along the Juniata river, thence crosses the same to a marked Black oak standing by the road on the north of said river about the middle of the Long Narrows, known as a line tree between Derry and Fermanaugh townships in said county, thence along the summit of Shade mountain to the line of Union county, and thence along said line down Manhantango creek to the Susquehanna river, shall be, and the same is hereby declared to be erected into a separate county to be called Juniata. SECT. 2. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That the inhabitants of the said county of Juniata from and after the first day of September next, shall be entitled to, and all times thereafter have, all and singular the courts, jurisdictions, offices, rights and privileges to which the inhabitants of other counties of this state are entitled by the constitution and laws of this commonwealth. SECT. 3. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That the several courts in and for the said county of Juniata shall be opened and held at such houses as may be designated by the commissioners of said county to be elected at the next general election, until a court house shall be erected in and for the said county, as is hereinafter directed, and shall be then held at said court hause. 103 niata, before the passing of this act, and all sums of money due to this commonwealth for militia fines in said connty of Juniata shall be collected and received as if this act had not been passed; Provided always, That the money arising from the county taxes assessed or to be assessed within the limits of the county of Juniata, subsequently to the first day of November last, shall from time to time as the same may be collected, be paid into the treasury of the county of Mifflin for the use and benefit of said county of Juniata, and if a treasurer shall be appointed in the county of Juniata, and the treasurer of the county of Mifflin shall keep separate accounts thereof and pay the same to the treasurer of the county of Juniata as soon as he shall have been appointed, and whatever part of said taxes that have been assessed since the first day of November last may remain uncollected, in the county of Juniata at the time of the appointment of the treasurer thereof, the same shall be collected in the usual manner and paid into the treasury of the county of Juniata. SECT. 6. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That the sheriff, treasurer, prothonotary, and all such officers as are by law required to give surety for the faithful discharge of the duties of their respective offices, who shall hereafter be appointed or elected in the said county of Juniata, before they or any of them shall enter on the execution thereof, shall give sufficient security in the same manner and form and for the same uses, trusts, and purposes as such officers for the time being are obliged by law to give in the county of Mifflin. SECT. 7. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That the sheriff, coroner, and other officers of the county of Mifflin shall continue to exercise the duties of their respective officers within the county of Juniata as heretofore until similar officers shall be appointed agreeably to law within said county, and the persons who shall be appointed associate judges for the county of Juniata shall take and subscribe the requisite oaths or affirmations of office before the prothonotary of the court of common pleas of Mifflin county, who shall file a record of the same in the office of the prothonotary of the court of common pleas of the county of Juniata, who may be appointed at any time after the passing of this act. SECT. 8. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That the inhabitants of Mifflin county and of the county of Juniata shall jointly elect two representatives, and in conjunction with Huntingdon and Cambria connties, one senator to serve in the legislature of this commonwealth in the same mode, under the same regulations, and make returns in the same manner as is or shall be directed by the laws of this commonwealth for conducting and making returns of the election of the county of Mifflin any thing in this act, to the contrary notwithstanding. SECT. 4. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That all suits and cases which shall be pending and undetermined in the court of common pleas of Mifflin county on the first day of September next, where both parties in such suit or suits shall at that time be resident in the county of Juniata, shall be transferred to the respective courts of Juniata county, and SECT. 9. And be it further enacted by the authority shall be considered as pending in said court, and shall aforesaid, That the governor be, and he is hereby aube proceeded on in like manner as if the same had been thorized and required, on or before the first day of May originally, commenced in said court, except that the next, ensuing, to appoint three discreet and disinterestfees on the same due to the officers of Mifflin county ed persons not resident in the counties of Mifflin or Jushall be paid to them when recovered by the prothono- niata, whose duty it shall be to fix on a proper and contary or sheriff of Juniata county, and the prothonotary venient scite for a court house, prison, and county of of Mifflin county shall, on or before the first day of fices within the aforesaid county of Juniata, as near the June next, purchase dockets and copy therein all the centre thereof as circumstances will admit, having redocket entries respecting the said suits and cases to be gard to the convenience of roads, territory, population, transferred as aforesaid, and shall on or before the first and the accommodation of the people of the said counday of August next have the said dockets together with ty, generally; and said persons or a majority of them, the records, declarations, and other papers respecting having viewed the relative advantages of the several said suits and cases, ready to be delivered to the pro- situations contemplated by the people, shall on or bethonotary of Juniata county, the expenses of said dock-fore the first day of July next, by a written report unet and copying to be paid by the county of Juniata, on warrants to be drawn by the commissioners of Juniata county on the treasurer thereof. der their hands or under the hands of a majority of them, certify, describe, and limit the site or lot of land which they shall have chosen for the purpose aforesaid, SECT. 5. And be it further enacted by the authority and shall transmit the said report to the governor of aforesaid, That all taxes or arrears of taxes laid, or this commonwealth, and the persons so as aforesaid apwhich have become due, within the said county of Ju-pointed shall each receive three dollars per diem for 104 HISTORY OF THE PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. their services out of the monies to be raised in pursuance of this act; Provided always, That before the commissioners shall proceed to perform the duties enjoined on them by this act, they shall take an oath or affirmation before some judge or justice of the peace well and truly to perform with fidelity said duties, without favor of any person according to the true intent and meaning of this act. SECT. 10. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That it shall and may be lawful for the commissioners of the county of Juniata, who shall be elected at the next annual election, to take assurance to them and their successors in office of such lot or lots or piece of ground as shall have been approved of by the persons appointed as aforesaid, or a majority of them, for the purpose of erecting thereon a court house, jail, and offices for the safe keeping of the records, and the county commissioners are hereby authorized to as sess, levy, and collect in the manner directed by the act for raising county rates and levies a sum sufficient to defray the expenses thereof, and also are hereby authorized to assess, levy and collect for the purpose of building a court house and prison, which they are here by authorized to erect, a sufficient sum to pay the expenses thereof. SECT. 11. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That the said county of Juniata shall form a part of the district composed of the counties of Huntingdon, Centre, Mifflin and Clearfield, for the election of members of Congress. SECT. 12. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That the judges of the supreme court shall have like powers, jurisdictions, and authorities within the said county of Juniata, as by law they are vested with and entitled to have and exercise in other counties of this state, and the said county is hereby annexed to the middle district of the supreme court. SECT. 13. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That the county of Juniata shall be annexed to and compose part of the twelfth jndicial district of this commonwealth, and the courts in said county of Juniata shall be held on the first Mondays of February, May, September, and December, in each and every year and to continue one week at each term if necessary. SECT. 14. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That certioraries directed to, and appeals from the judgment of any justice of the peace of the said county of Juniata, and all criminal prosecutions which may originate in the said county before the test day hereinafter mentioned, shall be proceeded in as heretofore in the courts of common pleas and quarter ses sion of the county of Mifflin, and all process to issue from the courts of the said county of Juniata, returnable to the first terms in said county, shall bear teste on the third Monday of October next. SECT. 15. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That the judges of the district elections with in each of the said counties of Mifflin and Juniata, after having formed the returns of the whole election for senators and representatives, as the case may be within each county, in such manner as is or may be directed by law, shall on the third Tuesday in October, in each year, send the same by one or more of their number to the court house in the borough of Lewistown, in the county of Mifflin, when and where the judges so met shall case up the several county returns, and execute un. der their respective hands and seals as many returns for the whole district as may be requisite, and also transmit the same as is by law required to the return judges in other districts. SECT. 16. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That in all cases when it would be lawful for the sheriff, jailor, or prison keeper, of the county of Juniata, to hold in close custody the body of any person in the common jail of the said county, if such jail were at this time erected in and for the said county, such person shall be delivered to and kept in close custody by the sheriff, jailor, or prison keeper, of the county of [AUGUST Mifflin; who upon delivery of such prisoners to him or them, at the common jail of the said county of Mifflin, shall safely keep him, or her, or them, until they be discharged by due course of law, and shall also be answerable in like manner, and liable to the same pains and penalties, as if the person so delivered were liable to confinement in the common jail of Mifflin county, and the parties aggrieved shall be entitled to the same remedies against them or any of them, as if such prisoner had been committed to his or their custody by virtue of legal process issued by proper authority of the said county of Mifflin: Provided always, That the sheriff of Juniata county be allowed out of the county stock of said county, ten cents per mile as a full compensation for every person charged with a criminal offence which he may deliver to the jail of Mifflin county, by virtue of this act, in orders drawn by the commissioners of Juniata county on the treasurer thereof. SECT. 17. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That the sheriff, jailor, and prison keeper, of the county of Mifflin, shall receive all prisoners as aforesaid, and shall provide for them according to law, and shall be entitled to the fees for keeping them, and also to such allowance as is by law directed for the maintenance of prisoners in similar cases, which allowance shall be defrayed and paid by the commissioners of the county of Juniata out of the county stock. SECT. 18. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That the sixteenth and seventeenth sections of this act shall be and continue in force for the term of three years, or until the commissioners of Juniata county shall have certified to the court, that a jail is erected and ready for the reception of prisoners, and approved by the court and grand jury, who shall enter their appro bation, signed by them on the records of said court, and from thenceforth it shall be lawful for the sheriff of Juniata county to receive all and every person or persons who may then be confined in the jail of Mifflin county, in pursuance of this act, and convey them to the jail of Juniata county, and keep them in close custody, until they be discharged by due course of law. Approved, March 2, 1831. From the Presbyterian. HISTORY OF THE PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. From its origin, A. D. 1706, to A. D. 1831. No. VI. The state of the Church at this period, was truly un happy, and appearances augured unfavorably for its stability and extension. Presbyteries were formed upon the principle of the Old and New Light controversy, without regard to geographical boundaries; and ministers and churches, in the immediate neighborhood of each other, frequently pertained to different judicato. ries, and studiously avoided that friendly intercourse and fellowship which should ever unite the children of a common Lord. By an act of the Synod of New York in 1751, those ministers and churches which favored the new measures, and who were within the natural bounds of the Presbytery of Philadelphia, were erected into a distinct judicatory under the name of the Abington Presbytery. This form was retained until the amalgamation of the two Synods in 1758, at which time the Presbyteries were re-modeled, and those of Abington and Philadel phia were again united. At that time the animosity of party had in a great measure subsided; each side seemed conscious that the heat of controversy had betrayed them into error; mutual concessions were made and a friendly union happily effected. After every abatement has been made for the extravagancies into which human infirmity had hurried the promoters of this excitement, it should be thankfully acknowledged, that through their instrumentality, the Church was revived and many souls were converted to God. A revival, the |