one thousand eight hundred and fifty dollars, or so much thereof as may be necessary, be and the same is hereby appropriated and set aside for that purpose. Said work to be done and supplies furnished under the direction and control of the commissioner of public works of the City of Troy.

§ 4. This ordinance shall take effect immediately.

AN ORDINANCE CONCERNING BUILDINGS AND COMBUSTibles to be Known as the Building ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF TROY.

Passed March 20, 1905.

The City of Troy in Common Council convened, does hereby ordain as follows:

ARTICLE I.

GENERAL PROVISIONS.

SECTION I. Name and Nature of Chapter-The provisions of this chapter shall constitute and be known as "The Building Ordinance of the City of Troy." This ordinance hereby is declared to be remedial, and is to be construed liberally to bring about the greatest public good and the least individual hardship. The provisions of article II apply only to buildings hereafter constructed, altered, repaired or moved, unless otherwise stated.

§ 2. Definition of Terms—Terms used in this ordinance shall have the following meanings:

The Bureau-The bureau of buildings and combustibles.

The Commissioner-The commissioner of public safety. Owner-Any person, firm, corporation or agent controlling property.

Measurement of Buildings-"The height" is the perpendicular distance of the highest ceiling above the highest street level opposite the principal front; "the length" is the greatest linear dimension; and "the width" is the linear dimension next the greatest.

Alteration-Any change or addition in or upon any building affecting an external party or partition wall, chimney, floor or stairway.

Ordinary Repairs-The reconstruction or renewal of any existing part of a building or of its fixtures or apparatus by which its fire risk, strength or sanitation is not affected or modified.

Dwelling-A building which shall be designed for, or used as, a residence for not more than two separate and distinct families or households.

Apartment House—A building which shall be designed for, or used as, a residence for three or more families or households, living independently of each other, and in which every such family or household shall have provided for it a set bath tub and water closet, separate and apart from any other, and with or without kitchen.

Tenement House-A building, or any portion thereof, which is designed for or used as, a residence for three or more families living independently of each other, doing their cooking on the premises, and having a common right in the halls, stairways, yards and water closets or any thereof.

Hotel-A building designed, or used, for supplying food and shelter to transient guests and having a general public dining-room.

Lodging House—A building designed or used for supplying shelter to lodgers, but in connection with which no public cafe or dining-room is maintained.

Office Building-One which shall be divided into rooms above the first story, and be designed, or used, for busi

ness purposes and no part of which shall be used for living purposes, excepting only for the janitor and his family.

Store-A building, or portion of a building designed, or used, for the sale of merchandise.

Warehouse-A building used for the storage of mer

chandise.

Factory-A building in which goods, wares or merchandise are manufactured.

Public Building-One containing an assembly room with fifteen hundred square feet or more of floor area, which has been, or is to be, used as a theatre, church, school, convention hall, dance hall, or lodge room.

Theatre A public building designed or used for the presentation of dramatic or other performances.

Veneered Building-A frame structure, the walls covered above the foundation wall with brick or stone four inches in thickness.

Frame Construction-Exterior walls of wood, wood veneered with brick or stone, or covered with plaster, corrugated iron, or sheet metal.

Ordinary Construction-Wood joists, with wood or iron posts and beams.

Mill Construction-Wooden girders and joists supporting floors and roof and having a sectional area of not less than sixty square inches, and above the joists a solid timber floor not less than two and five-eights inches thick for spaces less than three feet six inches between joists, and three and one-eighth inches thick for spaces up to four feet six inches between joists, and three and fiveeighths inches thick for spaces up to five feet six inches between joists, all such floors tongued and grooved. These thicknesses may be seven-eighths of an inch less where the said tongued and grooved floor is covered by a floor not less than seven-eighths of an inch thick.

Fire-proof Construction-All parts carrying weights or resisting strains constructed wholly of stone, burnt clay, iron, steel, or Portland cement concrete, and all partitions and stair and elevator inclosures made entirely of incombustible material, and all metallic structural members protected against the effect of fire by coverings of a material which must be incombustible and a slow heat conductor. The interior trim of such buildings, including doors and door and window casings may be of wood.

Skeleton or Steel Construction-All external and internal loads and strains transmitted from the top of the building to the foundation by a skeleton or frame-work of rolled or cast metal.

Footing Course-Projecting course or courses under base of foundation wall.

Foundation, Basement or Cellar Walls-Those below the floors or joists which are on or next above the grade line.

Cellar-The basement or lower story of any building of which one-half or more of the height from the floor to the ceiling is below the highest level of the street or earth level adjoining.

A Story-The perpendicular distance from the top of beams or joists is one floor to the corresponding point in next floor.

Basement Story-One whose floor is less than half the height of the story below the highest level of the street or earth level adjoining.

First Story-One whose floor is first above the basement story or cellar.

Second Story-One whose floor is first above the ground story. Other stories to be numbered in regular succession, counting upwards.

Building Line-The line of demarkation between public and private space.

Areas Outside of Building Line-Sub-surface excavations adjacent to building line for light or ventilation of cellars or basements.

Bearing Wall-One on which joists, beams, trusses or girders rest.

Party Wall-One used, or built in order to be used, as a separation of two or more buildings. A wall built upon dividing line between adjoining premises for their com

mon use.

Partition Wall-Any interior wall in a building.

External Wall-Every outer wall or vertical enclosure of a building other than a party wall.

Retaining Wall-One used for the support and maintenance of a body of earth.

Thickness of Wall-The minimum of thickness of any

wall.

Common Hard Brick-Manufactured by pressure in separate moulds and burnt almost to a point of vitrifaction, and giving out a clear ringing sound when struck with metal.

Common Soft Brick-Called "salmon brick," will not ring when struck with metal.

Pressed Front Brick-Manufactured by high pressure in separate moulds and burned to the highest point of consolidation without vitrifaction.

Reinforced Concrete-Portland cement containing iron or steel bearing, stiffening or tension bars, rods, or cables, uniformly spaced and running in one direction only, without any intermediate ties.

Armored Concrete-Portland concrete which is reinforced by iron or steel lattice, woven or cut work of uniform mesh, usually less but not exceeding the thickness of the concrete.