one Walter Walker, a respectable grocer in Cheapside, was executed, as Shakespeare makes Richard truly declare, "Only for saying he would make his son Heir to the Crown, meaning indeed his house, Which by the sign thereof was called so." A Grocer at present merely designates a seller of sugar, tea, plumbs, and spices; but its original signification was a wholesale merchant, one who dealt in large quantities of any merchandize, or in the gross. By a similar use of the figure synecdoche, or putting the whole for a part, the general name of Stationer, which originally meant any one that kept a station or shop, is now confined to a seller of pens, ink, and paper; and a Mercer, which formerly was synonimous with Merchant, is now applied to a mere dealer in silks. The word Millener, one who sells ribands and dresses for women, is a corruption of Milainer, by which name the incorporated company of Haberdashers in London was originally known, and was so called from dealing in merchandize chiefly imported from Milan. Cord wainer, the common legal appellation of a shoe-maker, as I have before mentioned in the article "Crispin," is derived from Cordovan, a peculiar kind of leather, originally made at Cordova in Spain. There are two trading companies of the city of Loudon, the names of which are becoming obsolete, viz. Fletchers or arrowmakers, from flêche, an arrow; and Loriners or horse-accoutrement makers, from the French Lormiers, derived from the Latin lorum, a bridle or horse-harness. Cheapside, where Walker the grocer lived, obtains its appellation from Cheap, or Cheaping, the antient name of a market. A Chapman, therefore, is a market-man, and its abbreviation Chap is often used by the vulgar for any person of whom they mean to speak with freedom or disrespect. The Crown is often joined on our sign-boards with some other representation. The Crown and Anchor in the Strand, is a tavern much celebrated for public meetings. The Bell and Crown is a large coach inn in Holborn. The Rose and Crown is a very frequent sign. The principal inn at Leicester is called the Three Crowns. The following anecdote was related by Horace Walpole: "Queen Caroline spoke of shutting up St. James's Park, and converting it into a noble garden for the palace of that name. She asked my father what it might probably cost, who replied, only three crowns.' This reply has been erroneously attributed to Lord Chesterfield. Gallot derives the word corona, whence crown, from the Latin cornu, horn, because the antient crowns were pointed in the manner of horns, which both by Jews and Gentiles were of old esteemed as marks of power, strength, authority, and empire. Hence in the Holy Scriptures horns are used for the Regal dignity, and accordingly horn and crown in the Hebrew are expressed by the same word. The English crown is adorned with four Maltese crosses, between which are fleurs de lys. From the top of the crosses arise four circular bars, which meet at a little globe supporting a cross. It is of gold, enriched with diamonds, rubies, emeralds, sapphires, and pearls. It is kept at the Tower with the other Regalia, which are altogether valued at above two millions sterling. Henry V. fought in his crown at Agincourt, which preserved his life by sustaining a stroke from a battle axe, which cleft it. Richard III. also fought at Bosworth field in his crown, which was picked up by a private soldier, who secreted it in a bush, most probably intending to secure it for himself; but, being discovered, it was delivered to Sir Reginald Bray, who gave it to Lord Stanley, who placed it on Richmond's head, and hailed him "King" on the field. Hence arises the device of a crown in a hawthorn bush at each end of Henry VII's tomb in Westminster Abbey. THE CUP. THE THREE CUPS. These certainly are appropriate signs. Brady, in his "Clavis Calendaria," says, "The Saxons were remarkable for immoderate drinking, and when intoxicated with their favourite ale, were guilty of the most outrageous violences. Dunstan endeavoured to check this vicious habit, but durst not totally obstruct their much-loved intemperance; he introduced therefore the custom of marking or pegging their cups at certain distances, to prevent one man taking a greater draught than than his companions. Some of these occurs often in Shakspeare, and is sometimes used for general intemperance or festivity. To this day it is the constant custom in Glamorganshire for the country people to bring a cup of spiced ale, which they call Wassel, and sing gratulatory songs at the doors of their more opulent neighbours at Christmas. HINYBORO. Mr. URBAN, WITH July 2. 7ITH this you will receive a sketch of an old building at Dunnington on the Heath, in the parish of Ibstock, and County of Leicester, (See Plate II.) The building is of stone, and is now used as a farm-house. It stands in a field; which field, with two others, are called "The Parks:" the quantity of land in the three fields, is between 20 and 30 acres. The hen we imply we shall check him in any forwardness, a saying which originated from a regulation that deprived all those of their turn of drinking, or of their peg, who had become troublesome in their liquor: from the like rule in society came also the expression of "he is a peg too low," i. e. has been restrained too far, when we say that a person is not in equal spirits house and the farm belong to the Hoswith his company; whilst we also remark of an individual that he is get-ty; and the family of Burgess have pital at Osgathorpe, in the same counting on peg by peg," or, in other words, he is taking greater freedoms than he ought to do, which formerly meant, he was either drinking out of his turn, or, contrary to express regulation, did not confine himself to his proper portion or peg, but drank on to the next, thereby taking a double quantity." Our custom of drinking healths, and the Wussel bowl, appear to have originated in the introduction of the British Monarch Vortigern to Rowena the beautiful blue-eyed daughter (or, according to other writers, niece) of the Saxon Hengist. She kneeled down, and presenting to the King a cup spiced wine, said, "Lord King, Waes heil," Health be to you; to which Vortigern, instructed by his interpreter, replied, “Drinc heil," I drink your health; and then, as Robert of Gloucester says, of been so long tenants, that it is generally known by the name of "Bur gess's Old House." OLIV VISOR LEIC. Anecdotes of Dr. GOLDSMITH. LIVER GOLDSMITH was born at Pallice, on the Southern banks of the river Inny, in the adjoining pas rish of Cloncalla. As he was educated at the school of the Rev. Mr. Hughes, in Ballymahon, and passed his earlier years in that town with his mother; the following brief Memoirs of him may be given, with propriety, in this Survey +. The family of Goldsmith has been long settled in Ireland. One of them, Dr. Isaac Goldsmith, was Dean of Cork about the year 1730; but they seem to have resided chiefly in the province of Connaught.-For many generations, they have regularly fur nished a Minister for the Established Church, being what is termed "a Clerical family." On the 30th of December, 1643, the Rev. John Goldsmith, Parson of Brashoule, in the County of Mayo, was examined upon oath by Henry This valuable article is extracted from the Statistical Survey of Shruel, in the diocese of Ardagh, and county of Longford, now in the press, with Mr. Shaw Mason's third volume of the "Parochial Account of Ireland." Jones Jones and Henry Brereton, two of the Commissioners appointed for ascertaining the extent of the calamity of -It appears by this examination, which is preserved in Sir John Temple's Collections, that this Mr. Goldsmith was also Chaplain to Lady Mayo a circumstance which saved hini from suffering with the unfortunate persons who fell in the massacre at Shruel. 1740 to 1756. Some of the entries in the earliest of these accounts ran thus:Tea by Master Noll - Cash by ditto-from which it appears, that the young Poet was then his mother's principal messenger on such occasions, One of these accounts, in 1756, may be considered as a statistical curiosity, ascertaining the use and price of green tea and lump sugar, &c. in this part of the country, sixty years ago: Mrs. Goldsmith to Sarah Shore, Dr. Brought forward 15s. 6d. Jan. 16, Half an ounce of green Tea. 3 A quarter of a pound of lump sugar, A pound of Jamaica sugar. An ounce of green Tea Half a pound of Rice. ... The father of the Poet was the Rev. Charles Goldsmith, who married Anne, daughter of the Rev. Oliver Jones, Diocesan Schoolmaster of Elphin, in the county of Roscommon. By the residence of Charles Goldsmith at Pallice, on the 29th of November, 1728, when his son Oliver was born there, it is probable he was Curate of the Chapel of Ease in the parish of Cloncalla or Forgeny, which is now under the care of the Rev. James Moffett, of Ballymabon. He was afterwards promoted to a benefice in the county of Roscommon, but died early; for we find his widow residing, with her son Oliver, in Ballymabou, in the year 1740 so the Poet was an orphan at the age of twelve years. The house in which they lodged is still standing; it is situated on the entrance to Ballymahon from the Edgeworthstown road, on the left-hand side, and is occupied by Mr. John Lanigan. Here Mrs. Gold-peated the following couplet: smith lived in narrow circumstances, and indifferent health, nigra veste sènescens, till the year 1772, or 1773, when she died, having been for some time before her death nearly blind. A lady who died in this neighbourhood about two years ago was well acquainted with Mrs. Goldsmith, and stated, that it was one of Oliver's habits to sit in a window of his mother's lodgings, and amuse himself by playing the flute. He was then of reserved and distant habits, fond of solitary walks, spending most of his time among the rocks and wooded islands of the river Inny, which is remarkably beautiful at Ballymahou. The writer of this account purchased some books, a few years ago, at an auction in Ballymahon, and among them an Account-book, kept by a Mrs. Edwards, and a Miss Sarah Shore, who lived in the house next to Mrs. Goldsmith. In this village record, were several shop accounts kept with Mrs. Goldsmith, from the year 7 Goldsmith was always plain in his appearance ;* but when a boy, and immediately after suffering heavily from the small pox, he was particularly ugly. When he was about seven years old, a Fiddler, who reckoned himself a wit, happened to be playing to some company in Mrs. Goldsmith's house. During a pause between two sets of Country dances, little Oliver surprized the party, by jumping up suddenly, and dancing round the room. Struck with the grotesque appearance of the ill-favoured child, the fiddler exclaimed "Esop," and the company burst into laughter; when Oliver turned to them, with a smile, and re "Heralds, proclaim aloud, all saying, See Esop dancing, and his Monkey playing." This anecdote is given on the authority of a direct descendant of the Rev. Henry Goldsmith, of Lissoy, Curate of Kilkenny, West, and the elder bro ther of our Poet. 66 On the 11th of June, 1744, the following entry was made on the books of Trinity College, Dublin: “ Olivarius Goldsmith, Siz. filius Caroli Clerici, ann. agen. 15, natus in Comitatu Westmeath, educatus sub ferulâ M. Hughes, admissus est, Tutor. M. Wilder." The error with respect to the County in which he was born arose from the vicinity of Pallice to the borders of Westmeath-or, as stated by one of his biographers, from the circumstance of his having at that time lived in that county. But it is probable that he did not enter College till some time after his father's death; for, from what has been already mentioned |