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facturers, for an improvement or improvements on the instrument or apparatus commonly known by the name of vices. March 14th, 6 months.

E. Jelowicki, of No. 8, Seymour Place, Bryanstone Square, Middlesex, Esquire, for certain improvements in steam-engines. March 14th, 6 months.

T. Alcock, of Claimes, Worcestershire, Lace Manufacturer, for his invention of certain improvements in machinery for making bobbin net lace, for the purpose of producing certain kinds of ornamental bobbin net lace, and other fabrics, by aid of the improvements which are in part applicable to machinery constructed according to his former improvements, for which two several letters patent were granted to him on the 8th day of December, 1832, and other letters patent on the 12th day of February, 1835. March 17th, 6 months.

A. W. Webster, of Regent Street, Middlesex, Aurist, for an instrument or apparatus to be applied to the ear, to assist in hearing. March 17th, 6 months.

J. Birkby, late of High Town, but now of Upper Rawfolds, both in Liversedge, near Leeds, Yorkshire, Card Maker, for improvements in machinery in making needles. March 17th, 6 months.

L. E. Seignette, of Mincing Lane, in the City of London, Merchant, for improvements in preserving animal and vegetable substances. Communicated by a foreigner residing abroad. March 17th, 6 months.

W. Hancock, of Stratford, Essex, Engineer, for an improved arrangement and combination of certain mechanical means of propelling vessels through water. March 17th, 6 months.

R. B. Bate, of No. 21, Poultry, in the City of London, Optician, for certain improvements upon hydrometers and saccharometers, for the term of seven years, being an extension of former letters patent for the said invention. March 21st.

F. G. Spilsbury, of Newman Street, Oxford Street, Engineer, for certain improvements on machinery or apparatus for stamping up and compressing metals or other substances. March 22nd, 6 months.

W. Maugham, of Newport Street, Lambeth, Surrey, Chemist, for certain improvements in the production of chloride of lime, and certain other chemical substances. March 22nd, 6 months.

W. Hale, of Greenwich, Kent, late of Colchester, Essex, Civil Engineer, for certain improvements on machinery applicable to vessels propelled by steam or other power, which improvements, or parts thereof, are applicable to other useful purposes. March 22nd, 6 months.

W. W. Richards, of Birmingham, Warwickshire, Gun Maker, for certain improvements in primers for discharging fire arms by means of percussion. March 22nd, 6 months.

J. Cox, of the City of Bristol, of the firm of Harding, Cox, and Shaw, Soap Manufacturer, for certain improvements in the manufacture of soap, which will be particularly applicable to the felting or fulling of woollen cloths. March 22nd, 6 months.

Sir J. S. Lillie, Knight and Companion of the Most Honourable Military Order of Bath, of Saint John's, in the Parish of Fulham, Middlesex, for an improved mode of acquiring power for the purpose of propelling carriages, barges, and other the like contrivances, for conveying goods and passengers. March 23rd,

6 months.

J. L. Hood, of the Town and County of the Town of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Gentleman, and A. Smith, of Princes Street, Leicester Square, Middlesex, Engineer, for an improved mode of manufacturing belts, bands, and straps to be employed in place of ropes or chains, and for other useful purposes. March 26th,

6 months.

W. Blurton, of Field Hall, near Staffordshire, Gentleman, for an improved method of, and apparatus for, extracting milk from cows and other animals. March 26th, 6 months.

MISCELLANEOUS, PHILOSOPHICAL, &c.

DISCOVERY AT POMPEII.-Professor Zahn has announced to the world, that a rich discovery has just taken place at Pompeii, in a house forming part of the Strada di

Mercurio. Although of insignificant appearance, there were found in this dwelling, pictures in fresco, representing Narcissus and Endymion; fourteen vases of silver, and a great quantity of coins, among which were twenty-nine pieces of gold, struck during the reign of the first Roman emperors. Also, two other vases of silver, five inches in diameter, and ornamented with carving, representing Cupids, Centaurs, and emblems of Bacchus and Ceres.

NEW CELESTIAL BODY.-M. Wartmann, of Geneva, in the year 1831, having laid down, on a sheet of paper, the positions of certain stars near which the planet Uranus was to pass, observed on the following evening that one of them had changed its place, he continued to watch its motion for two months, and found that at the end of that time it had moved (contrary to the order of the signs) 1° 9′ in right ascension, and 31′ in declination. He subsequently lost sight of it, on account of the weather, and other circumstances, and has not since been able to discover it. It had the appearance of a star of the 7th or 8th magnitude, and its position was in the constellation Capricorn.

HISTORICAL REGISTER.

POLITICAL JOURNAL.-APRIL, 1836.

HOUSE OF LORDS, March 27.-The House was almost exclusively occupied in receiving petitions on the subject of Newspaper Stamps, Agricultural Distress, Ecclesiastical Courts' Bill, and other matters not involving debates of any importance. March 28.-The Irish Municipal Reform Bill was read a first time, and the second reading fixed for the 28th of April.-The Lord Chancellor moved the second reading of the English Municipal Act Amendment Bill. The Duke of Wellington regretted that the Government should think proper to press the measure at a time when many Noble Lords were absent. He thought the House had not been fairly treated in the matter, for it ought to have an opportunity of having the principle discussed in the same way as other measures submitted to Parliament possessed. -Lord Melbourne defended the course adopted by Government. Lord Lyndhurst stated several objections to the provisions of the Bill.-The Bill was then read a second time. The Stafford Disfranchisement Bill was, on the motion of the Marquis of Clanricarde, read a first time.-Adjourned.

March 29.-The Duke of Newcastle, after stating his anxiety to support the Protestant church as by law established, alluded to the fearful increase of the Roman Catholic religion in this country, and moved for certain documents to show that increase. The following is the motion with which his Grace concluded:—“ A return of the number of religious establishments of the Roman Catholic persuasion, together with the date of the erection of each; also, a return of the number of monasteries, stating the order to which they belong, and distinguishing such as are Jesuits; also, for a return of Roman Catholic colleges for the education of youth, whether for males or females, distinguishing such as are Jesuits; also, for a return of the number of Roman Catholics in the year 1799, and their number in 1836, showing their increase." A conversation of some length ensued, in which several lords took part. It ended in the adoption of the order for the two first-mentioned returns, so far as they could be made out, the last two rejected. The House then adjourned to the 12th of April.

April 12.-Their Lordships met this day, pursuant to adjournment. The Lord Chancellor intimated that he had prepared two bills respecting the business of the Court of Chancery, and the powers of the Lord Chancellor in that House, and that he should bring them under the consideration of their Lordships next week.-Lord Duncannon then moved the second reading of the Irish Constabulary Bill, upon which an interesting debate took place, in which the Earl of Haddington, the Duke of Wellington, the Earl of Wicklow, &c. took part. His Grace contended that it would cause an increased expenditure of 200,000l. a year, and observed that their Lordships ought to be well convinced of the benefits which would accrue from this force, before they adopted such a system. His Grace felt a great objection-an objection which would be also strongly felt in the country-to the enormous ap

pointments which were at once to take place - upwards of one hundred, at salaries of 300L., 400l., 500l., and so on, though hitherto the police force had been carried on at half that expense.-Lord Melbourne defended the bill, after which it was read a second time.-djourned.

April 13.-No house.

April 14.-Earl Grey took his seat for the first time this session.-The Marquis of Londonderry adverted to the outrage committed in Dublin in the destruction of the fine statue of William III., and inquired whether the Government had adopted measures to discover the perpetrators?-Lord Melbourne answered in the affirmative, 100l. reward having been offered. The Marquis of Londonderry complained of the smallness of the sum.-On the motion that the Municipal Corporations Act Amendment Bill be read a second time, Lord Lyndhurst proposed, on account of the multifarious interests involved in the Bill, and its different provisions, that it be referred to a select committee. This was agreed to, and the committee named.Adjourned.

April 15.-The Marquis of Londonderry renewed his motion for copies of the instructions transmitted to Lord John Hay from the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty, and upon the authority of which the letter of that Noble Lord had been written. After some discussion, in the course of which the Premier said that if the House insisted on the production of these instructions, they would be declaring themselves partisans of Don Carlos.-The Marquis of Londonderry consented not to press his motion.-The Marquis of Clanricarde then moved the second reading of the Stafford Disfranchisement Bill.—Lord Lyndhurst proposed that counsel be heard at the bar on behalf of those who were opposed to the Bill, which was, after some conversation, agreed to, and their Lordships adjourned.

April 18.-Lord Melbourne, after a speech of some length, moved the second reading of the Irish Municipal Corporations Bill.-Lord Lyndhurst, by a variety of powerful arguments, showed the Bill to be a mere transfer of power from the lawful holders of it to those who have imposed the measure on government. In coming to a decision, be warned the House to remember that the only choice was between tranquillity in Ireland, and a civil war.-After a few remarks by the Earl of Winchelsea, the Marquis of Clanricarde and the Earl of Roden, the Bill was read a second time without a division, Lord Lyndhurst having given notice that on Tuesday next he would move an instruction to the committee of the same purport as that proposed by Lord F. Egerton in the Commons.-Their Lordships adjourned.

April 19.-In answer to a question, the Earl of Minto stated it to be the intention of Government that the Naval College at Portsmouth should be suppressed in the course of next year, and that the means by which naval architecture could be taught were under the consideration of the Government.-On the motion of the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Pluralities and Non-residence Bill was read a second time. The Mutiny Bill was also read a second time.-Adjourned.

April 20.-Some private bills were forwarded a stage, and the Mutiny Bill and Marine Mutiny Bill passed through committees, after which their Lordships adjourned.

April 21.-Lord Ellenborough complained of serious inaccuracies in the returns made on the subject of the Irish constabulary force.-The Duke of Wellington, and several other Noble Lords concurred in this complaint.-The Marquis of Londonderry accepted the offer of the Earl of Minto, to lay on the table a copy of Lord J. Hay's letter to General Cordova, and their Lordships then adjourned."

April 22.-The royal assent was given by commission to the Mutiny and the Marine Mutiny Bill, the Small Debts (Macclesfield) Bill, the Birmingham and Gloucester Railway Bill, the Bristol Gas Company Bill, the Manchester Improvements Bill.-Adjourned.

HOUSE OF COMMONS, March 27.-Sir W. Molesworth gave notice of a motion for an inquiry into the appointment of Lord Brudenell to the 11th Dragoons.-Lord John Russell announced that he would, on Wednesday, move the committal of the Tithe Commutation Bill pro formá, and take the discussion on the 22nd of April.-The Order of the Day for the third reading of the Irish Corporation Bill was then moved by Mr. O'Loghlin.—Mr. F. Shaw rose to propose as an amendment, that the Bill should be read a second time that day three months.-Mr. Blackstone seconded the motion. Mr. Ward opposed the amendment, Sir R. Inglis supported it.-Mr. Sheill spoke at considerable length in favour of the Bill.-Sir Robert Peel then addressed the House, and entered into an elaborate and triumphant defence of his own

conduct in promoting the measure of Roman Catholic Emancipation in 1829. He then went at considerable length into the details of the Bill before the House, and concluded by expressing his intention to vote for the amendment.-Mr. O'Loghlin replied, and the House divided-For Mr. Shaw's amendment, 199; against it, 260. -The Bill was then read a third time and passed.-The House adjourned.

March 28-Lord John Russell moved for a copy of a circular letter addressed by himself to Municipal Town Councils, on the appointment of local magistrates.—Sir R. Peel availed himself of this opportunity to complain that in many towns the bias of the Government in the choice of the magistrates was manifest by the great preponderance of Whig appointments over those of a Conservative character. The right hon. baronet entered at great length into the subject, and particularly instanced Guildford, Rochester, Coventry, Leicester, Plymouth, and Bristol, as places in which the favouritism of the Government had been exercised.The motion for the production of the paper moved for was agreed to; and some Bills having been passed a stage, the House adjourned.

March 29-Some discussion, and two divisions, took place on the motion for the third reading of the Hull and Selby Railway Bill. The third reading was carried, and a clause for prohibiting Sunday travelling on the railway was lost.-The Lord Advocate withdrew his Bill for the regulation of Universities in Scotland.-The remaining Orders of the Day, which were numerous, were then gone through, and the House adjourned till the 11th of April.

April 11.-The Tithe Commutation Bill was committed, pro forma, and ordered to be re-committed on Wednesday.—The House having gone into a Committee of Supply, Sir A. L. Hay moved the Ordnance estimates, which were agreed to.-Lord Howick then rose to move the Army Estimates. To several items Mr. Hume took objections. The House divided on the motion "That a sum not exceeding 106,211l. 6s. 8d. be granted for the support of the volunteer corps."-Ayes, 53; noes, 9.

April 12.-Mr. Poulter moved the second reading of the Bill relating to the mu nicipal elections in the borough of Poole. The Bill was read a second time.—Mr. Ewart then moved for leave to bring in a Bill to provide for the equal division of landed property among the children or next of kin of persons dying intestate.-Mr. Hume supported the motion. Mr. Roebuck, in a violent speech, defended the proposition, as calculated to destroy the baneful influence of the House of Lords.-The Chancellor of the Exchequer, the Attorney and Solicitor General, Sir R. Inglis, and Mr. A. Trevor spoke against the Bill, as tending to bring about those ulterior effects so undisguisedly alluded to by Mr. Roebuck.-Mr. Aglionby, Colonel P. Thompson and Mr. Warburton, were in favour of the Bill; and Mr. S. O'Brien moved the previous question, which was seconded by Mr. Jarvis.-On a division the numbers were For the Bill, 29; against it, 45.

April 13.-The House went into Committee pro forma on the Tithe Commutation Bill, when Lord J. Russell described the alterations which he was desirous to make. -After some further discussion the amendments were reported, and the Bill ordered to be printed. On the question for going into Committee on the Mutiny Bill being moved, Major Fancourt submitted the following resolution :-"That it is the opinion of this House that the punishment of flogging should be entirely abolished in the British army."-Captain Boldero seconded the motion. Mr. C. Fergusson, in a speech of great length, and considerable research, opposed the resolution.--The right hon. gentleman stated incidentally that it was the intention of Government to make 200 lashes the maximum of punishment for the future.-Mr. Poulter and Col. P. Thompson supported the motion. The discussion proceeded to a considerable length, and concluded with the rejection of Major Fancourt's proposition-the numbers being 95 to 212.-The Mutiny Bill then passed through a Committee, after which the House adjourned.

April 14.-Several petitions were presented for and against the London and Norwich Railway Bill, the second reading of which was subsequently carried by a majority of 99 to 20.-On the motion that the Report of the Mutiny Bill be received, Mr. Lennard proposed a clause providing that flogging in the army in time of peace should be discontinued.-Mr. O'Connell supported this proposition. -Mr. Pemberton resisted it, contending that it was requisite to continue the power and the mode of punishment.-Lord W. Bentinck defended the course he had adopted with regard to the native Indian army-The House divided; when there appeared-For Mr. Lennard's motion, 62; against it, 135.-The report on the Mutiny Bill was then brought up; as, immediately afterwards, was that on the Marine Mutiny

Bill.

April 15.-The Registration of Births Bill was, after a few observations from some Hon. Members, read a second time, and ordered to be committed on Monday; as was the Marriages Bill, to which Mr. Goulburn stated his serious objection, as tending to afford facilities to clandestine marriages.-On the motion for the second reading of the Bishopric of Durham Bill, Lord John Russell said that this Bill left the question of the Durham University entirely open.-After some strong remarks on this course, as rendering nugatory the munificent act of the late Bishop, by Mr. A. Trevor and Sir R. Inglis, the Bill was read a second time.-The Mutiny Bill and the Marine Mutiny Bill were read a third time and passed; as was the Abolition of Slavery (Jamaica) Bill. The remainder of the sitting was occupied in Committee on the remaining Navy Estimates.

April 18.-In answer to a question from Mr. P. Scrope, Lord J. Russell said it was not the intention of Government, during the present session, to bring forward any Poor Law Bill for Ireland.-Mr. M. Philips having asked a question on the subject, Lord J. Russell stated that it was in the contemplation of Ministers to adopt a measure for rendering the corporations effective in those towns that had petitioned for a charter.

April 19.-The Dublin Steam Packet Company Bill was thrown out on the third reading, the ayes being 120, the noes 170.-În reply to an inquiry by Mr. Buckingham, the Chancellor of the Exchequer stated that it was intended to allow the publication of additional half-sheets to newspapers at one halfpenny each; but a double sheet was to be charged with double duty.—On the motion of Mr. D W. Harvey the House was called over. The Hon. Member then brought forward his motion for a revision of the Pension List. The Hon. Member then proceeded to show the importance of the question even in point of economy, by contrasting the amount of the pensions with the paltry savings for which the Government took credit, and after complaining of the gross injustice of the Pension List, concluded by appealing to the justice of both sides of the House, Reformers and Conservatives, that they would no longer permit Englishmen to live under unequal laws.-The motion, which was discussed at considerable length, was opposed by Ministers, and negatived by a majority of 70, the numbers being 216 and 146.

April 20.-After the presentation of two petitions from certain merchants of London and Glasgow, complaining of the influence exercised by Russia with Turkey to the disadvantage of the trade of this country, Mr. P. M. Stewart brought forward his promised motion for an address to the Throne for the appointment of a diplomatic agent at Cracow, and for the adoption of measures for the protection of British commerce in Turkey, and on the shores of the Euxine.-Sir E. Codrington seconded the motion. Sir R. Peel deprecated these continual discussions, as interfering with the duties of the Executive, and calculated to excite the very aggressions complained of. The Right Hon. Baronet urged Mr. Stewart to withdraw his motion-a suggestion which the Hon. Member eventually complied with.

April 21.-Sir A. Agnew renewed his motion for leave to bring in a Bill to enforce the better observance of the Sabbath.-Sir O. Mosley seconded the motion; and Mr. Gisborne opposed it, as uselessly occupying time and occasioning expense after the numerous decisions of the House on the subject; he therefore moved the "previous question."--On a division the numbers were-ayes, 200; noes, 82; be ing a majority of 118 in favour of the motion for leave to bring in the Bill.-Mr. Hardy again brought forward the O'Connell and Raphael affair, connected with the Carlow election, moving that it was a high breach of privilege, &c.-Mr. O'Connell said that had he not risen in the heat of the moment, he would have taken no notice of the motion. He considered that the report of the Committee was his shield, and that no such motion could succeed until its allegations were reversed.Lord F. Egerton entered into a detailed statement of the motives that had actuated him as a Member of the Committee, and seconded the motion.-Lord J. Russell admitted that the course pursued by Mr. O'Connell was not precisely the proper one in a Parliamentary election; but thought the "mitigated censure in the report was all that it deserved. His Lordship concluded by moving a series of counter-resolutions.-Lord Stanley addressed himself in a very able manner to the consideration of the whole subject, and expressed his intention to support the first resolution of Mr. Hardy. After a long defence of Mr. O'Connell by Mr. Serjeant Wilde, the debate was adjourned.

April 22.-The O'Connell and Raphael affair was resumed, and led to a protracted discussion, which occupied the remainder of the sitting. On a division the numbers were-For Lord John Russell's resolutions, 243; for Mr. Hardy's, 169.

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