Scit (tantum). Cascellius Aulus-See Notes, Ode ii. 11, 2. Aulus Cascellius was a celebrated juris-consult, and a well-known enemy of the triumvirs, B.c. 42. For the position of the words, see Notes on line 1. 372. Mediocribus-poëtis-A Grecism for mediocres poetas.

873. Columnae-See Notes, Sat. L 4, 71. Middling poetry will not repay the trouble of advertising. Everything, according to Horace, declares against a mediocrity in poetry.

874. Gratas-"pleasant." Symphonia

discors-"inharmonious music."

his productions.
1, 33.

Prematur-Cp. Epode

389. Intus is equivalent in scrinio. 390. Nescit vox missa reverti-Cp. Epist. i. 18, 71.

391. Cp. Epist. ii. 1, 126, &c. Silvestres homines-"the savage race of men." Cp. Sat. i. 3, 99, &c. Sacer interpresque deorum-"the priest and the interpreter of the gods." Cp. Virgil, Æn. vi. 645.

392. Victu faedo-The early race of men are fabled to have lived on acorns and rawflesh like wild beasts. Orpheus-Cp. Ode i. 12, 6, &c.

394. Dictus et Amphion, &c.-Cp. Ode. 11. 2, and Epist. 1. 18, 41. Arcissome MSS. give urbis. 396 Fuit haec sapientia quondam—" for this, of old, was accounted wisdom.'

375. Crassum nimis spissum "too thick." Sardo cum melle-Sardinia abound-iii. ed with bitter herbs. The honey was, therefore, in bad repute (Virgil, Ecl. 7, 41). That of Corsica was no better. Cp. Pliny, Hist. Nat. xxx. 4, 10. The best was obtained from Hybla in Sicily, and Hymettus in Greece. See Notes, Ode il. 6, 14. Papaver-The seeds of the white poppy were roasted and mixed with honey as a dessert (Pliny, Hist. Nat. xix. 8, 53).

376. Offendunt-Mediocrity is intolerable in luxuries which may be dispensed with. Poterat duci (=produci)—" could be prolonged."

379. Cp. Epist. li. 1, 114, &c. Campestribus-"used in the Campus Martius." See Notes, Ode i. 8, 4.

380. Pilae discive trochive-See Notes, Sat. ii. 2, 11.

381. Coronae spectatorum catervae-Cr. Epist. i. 18, 53.

382. Qui nescit (versus fingere) tamen, &c. -"though one is unable to compose verses well, still," &c. Quidni-"and why not?" is ironical, as well as what follows.

383. Liber, &c.-omni-"he is free, and of good family; above all, rated at an equestrian fortune, and far removed from every vice." A libertinus is a liber, though not ingenuus, which denotes one born of free parents. Census, the perf. part. of censeo, followed by Greek accusative. Some supply secundum or quod ad. Equestrem summam nummorum — See Notes, Epist. i 1, 58.

384. Vitioque remotus ab omni - Cp. Epist. i. 7, 56.

385. Tu is emphatic. Invita-Minerva"without common sense," or "in defiance of natural ability." See Notes, Sat. ii. 2, 3. 386. Olim "ever." See Notes, Ode ii. 10, 17.

887. Maeci-See Notes, Sat. 1. 10, 38. 388. Et nostras (mei)—" and of me," who am your friend. Nonumque prematur in annum-Horace is here understood to refer to what Catullus (95) says of the Zmyrna of his friend, C. Helvíus Cinna, and to advise Piso not to be in haste to publish

898. Vago- -"promiscuous." Cp. Sat. 1. 3, 109. Maritis -"to those in the married state," i.e., both to husbands and wives, who were equally bound to preserve their chastity inviolate.

399. Leges incidere ligno Laws were originally in verse, cut on tablets of wood, and hence styled džovss or xúgßss. Brazen plates were afterwards employed both among the Greeks and Romans.

400. Divinis Vatibus-Linus, Orpheus, Musæus, and others.

Mares animos-"manly spirits."
402. Tyrtaeus -See Notes on line 76.

were expressed in verse," at Delphi. See
403. Dictae per carmina sortes-"oracles

Note on line 219.

Gra

404. Et vitae monstrata via est is descrip. tive of the didactic poetry of Hesiod, Solon, Theognis, Phocylides, &c. tia regum, &c., of the lyrics of Pindar, Simonides, Bacchylides, &c. RegumHiero, Theron, &c.

405. Pieriis-See Notes, Ode ill. 4, 40. Tentata-" was sought." Ludusque repertus, et longorum operum finis-"sports were introduced, and a festive termination to long continued labours," at the end of the year. The rustic Dionysia, at which dramatic pieces were first performed, were celebrated in December.

407. Lyrae solers" skilled in the lyre." Cantor Apollo-Apollo Citharoedus.

410. Rude is equivalent to incultum. Nature and art must be combined to form a poet.

411. Et conjurat amice-" and conspires amicably to the same end." Conjural= conspirat.

412. Eminence in poety is not to be attained without great preparation, any more than excellence in running or music.

413. Puer-"when young." Cp. Ode i. 9, 16. Sudavit et alsil" has born the sul try heat and been pinched with cold."

414. Qui Pythia cantat tibicen- "the fluter who plays the Pythian air," commemorating the victory of Apollo over the Python. In Greek, the player was called Πυθαύλης; the fute, αὐλὸς Πύθιος; the air, Пubixòs vóμos, and IIubixòv aλμa.

Some would have it to mean merely the one who contends for the prize on the flute at the Pythian Games.

416. Something more than self-praise and flippancy is necessary to constitute a poet. Nec-Some MSS. give nunc, and a few non or num. Poëmata pango-Cp. Epist. i 18, 40.

417. Occupet extremum scabies—" plague take the hindmost," is a proverbial form of expression, like our "devil take the hindmost," and the Greek yog' x Zugaκόσιον. It was used by the boy who was foremost in the race. Cp. Epist. i. 1, 59.

418. Sane utique-"in truth," or "forBooth," is ironical.

419. Praeco-Præcones were used for various purposes, and among others for giving notice of sales by auction. See Notes, Sat. i. 6, 86. The best poet may derive advantage from the criticism of judicious friends (419-450). The wealthy, however, should beware of flatterers, as their

riches like præcones attract the self-inte

rested.

420. Assentatores-"flatterers."

Ad lu

431. Ut (illi) qui conducti plorant in funere-"as those hired to (lit. as those conducti include all the hired mourners, not who being hired) lament at a funeral." Qui tures quae conductae, as the latter are spe merely the praeficae. Kirchmann conjeccially intended. There is no necessity however for a change, as the masculine includes the feminine.

432. Plura dolentibus ex animo-"more than those who grieve from the heart," ie., who sincerely grieve. Sic derisor vero plus laudatore movetur" so the flatterer who laughs in his sleeve is more affected than the sincere applauder."

433. Derisor, gwv-Cp. Epist. 1. 18, 11. 434. Reges-Cp. Sat. L 2, 80, and see Notes, Ode i. 4, 14. Urgere "to ply." Culullis-See Notes, Ode i. 31, 11.

Cp. Epist. 1. 18, 38. Perspexisse" to see 435. Torquere, Bacavísv=explorarethrough." Cp. tetigisse, line 98.

crum ire-"to go to an advantageous bar-lying hid beneath the fox's skin"-dolosi et 437. Animi sub vulpe latentes-"minds gain." 421. This line is borrowed from Sat. i 2. duplices-"deceitful and crafty flatterers." 13, as Sat. i. 4, 92 from Sat. i. 2, 27, and Vulpes is here, as dλárng is sometimes, Epist. i. 1, 56 from Sat. i. 6, 74. for pellis vulpina; and λiwy for pellis

leonina.

438. Quintilio Quintilius Varus. Notes, Ode i. 24. Sodes-See Notes, Sat.

439. Negares-Supply si Cp. Epist. i. 1, 28.

422. Si vero est-"but if he is one." Unctum qui recte ponere possit-"who can give a handsome dinner in good style." Unctum (convivium)-Cp. Epist. i. 15, 44.i. 9, 41. Ponere imponere mensis-Cp. Sat. ii. 6, 64, and 8, 91. Some understand convivam with unctum, as in Epist. i. 17, 12. This, how. ever, would make ponere refer to the disposing of the guests on the couches of the banqueting-room, as in Ovid, Met. xiii. 638, positique tapetibus altis, a sense in which it does not occur in Horace.

423. Et spondere levi pro paupere—"and become security for a poor man, who has little (weight or) credit." Atris-"dismal," or "vexatious." Cp. Ode iv. 11, 35. 424. Mirabor, si sciet-Cp. Epist. i. 17, 26. Inter-Noscere-Cp. Sat. i. 2, 62, and Epist. ii. 2, 93.

425. Beatus-"the happy man," satirically used for dives.

426. Donaris is for donaveris- A venal friend is not likely to be a good critic.

427. Nolito-"you should not," is future

imperative. Tibi factos-Cp. Epist. i. 16, 25.

Ducere-introduce."

440. Bis terque-Cp. line 358. Frustra is to be joined with expertum, not with negares, as some would have it.

441. Male tornatos versus-"your badly turned verses." Cp. Vitruvius, x. 12, Eniboli masculi ex aere, torno politi. For torBentley ter natos. Incudi reddere-"to put natos, Guyet conjectures formatos, and under the anvil again," preparatory to their being re-turned.

Notes, Sat. i. 10, 72.
442. Vertere mutare et corrigere-See

444. Quin depends upon operam insumeadmiring." Sine rivali -The man who bat. Quin-amares-"to keep you from does what others are not willing to imitate, maywell be said to be without a rival. Rivales are properly those who live on the same

river, ouóppulgo, and hence rival suitors ἀντερασταί οἱ ἀντίζηλοι·

or

473. Objectos caveae-ciatnros xλlpa) 462. An an non- Cp. Ode ii. 4, 13.-"the gratings that secure his den."" Prudens prudenter. "of his own accord."

[SACRIFICIAL IMPLEMENTS-From Denarii.]

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

O., denotes Ode; E., Epode; S., Satire; Ep. Epistle; and A., Ars Poetica. The Roman Numerals indicate the Book; the first figures, the Ode, Epode, Satire, or Epistle; and the second, the line in which the Illustrations are given.

S. i. 2, 31 O. i. 20, 12 8. i. 5, 36 Ep. i. 11, 17 8. ii. 6, 105 O. 1. 20, 2 O. iv. 15, 30 O. iii. 30, 16

8. i. 4, 22 O. i. 2, 27 8. i. 1, 114 Ep. ii. 2, 215 S. 1. 3, 92 S. L. 5, 51 S. i. 1, 1 S. ii. 5, 53

Ep. i. 6, 40

E. 1, 34

A. 50

O. iii. 27, 59; S. i. 8, 23

O. i. 1, I

S. ii. 1, 47; Ep. i. 17, 54

Ò. i. 31, 20

S. ii. 3, 242
Ep. i. 1, 91
E. 17, 7
E. 4, 4
S. ii. 3, 25

O. fil. 19, 18

O. ii. 19, 29

O. i. 17, 14

O. i. 88, 2, 7

O. ii. 8, 16

O. ii. 1, 11

O. iv. 4, 20

8. i. 6, 74

E. 2, 63

COS VERSATILIS,
COTHURNUS,
CRATER,

O. i. 2, 42
S. ii. 3, 116
O. iii. 1, 35
S. ii. 3, 30
E. 2, 33; S. ii. 3, 7

CREPIDA,
CROTALA,
CUBITAL,
CYATHUS,
CYMBA,

O. ii. 16, 21; and S. ii. 6, 50