cadets may be attached to the military academy as students, by the instructions of the president. Candidates must not be less than fourteen, nor above twentyone years of age, and well versed in reading and arithmetic. With the consent of the parent or guardian, they sign articles to serve for five years. They receive pay and emoluments as provided for cadets in the corps of engineers; and, on receiving degrees, they may become candidates for commissions. If there be no vacancy, the president may attach cadets to corps by brevet, of the lowest rank, as supernumerary officers, with the pay and emoluments of the rank, until a vacancy occurs; but not more than at the rate of one supernumerary officer to one company at a time. An appropriation of 25,000 dollars was made for the erec tion of buildings, and such contingent expences as the president might judge necessary and proper for the institution. The present academical staff is composed of a superintendent of the academy, who is the senior officer of engineers; a professor of natural and experimental philosophy, of mathematics, of engineering; a teacher of the French language, and of drawing; a surgeon, chaplain, and professor of ethics. The number of cadets authorized by law is 250, and there was this number in the school in 1816.

The expences of the army, in 1810, were about two millions; in 1813, they were increased to more than fourteen millions; and the expenditure for 1814 was estimated at more than twenty-four millions and a half. The military establishment of this last year, including rangers, sea-fencibles, and troops of all de

scriptions, officers and men, consisted of 63,422. In the yearly expence is included ordnance, fortifications, the Indian department, and permanent appropriation for Indian treaties, and for arming and equipping the militia. In the war of independence, the whole number of regulars raised in 1775 was 27,443, and in 1785 but 13,476. The amount of treasury payments in specie for war expences, during that period of eight years, was 135,103,703 dollars, which gives an annual expence of 16,889,089 dollars,

A Table of the Total Expenditure for the Military Department from the year 1800 to 1815.

In 1802 and 1803, the sum of 263,611 dollars was paid for the fabrication of cannon. In 1809, 150,ʊ00 dollars were voted for the purchase of saltpetre, and 300,000 for additional arms.

We subjoin a statement of the regular troops in the continental service, and of the expences of the war for independence, in order to give a view of the resources of that period:

"To the above is to be added, the militia of each state, equal to one-half of the regulars. Their pay was included in the list of expences, which were reduced in funding the public debt. Besides this, the states gave large bounties in money and lands, and made good depreciations which would double the estimate.'

By an act of congress of the 3d of March 1815, the military peace establishment was reduced to 10,000 men, consisting of the following proportions of artil lery, infantry, and riflemen. 1. Artillery, 32 companies, or 8 battalions, making 3200 men. 2. Light artillery, 10 companies, or one regiment of 660 men. 3. Infantry, 80 companies, or 8 regiments, 5440 men. 4. Riflemen, 10 companies, or one regiment of 680 men. Total, 9980. The chief officers are two major-generals, with one aid-de-camp each. Four brigade inspectors. Four brigade quarter-masters. The

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departments preserved are, the ordnance department: the purchasing department: the pay department: the office of judge advocate: the hospital department, and military academy. The United States are divided into two military divisions, that of the north and of the south, each of which is subdivided into military departments. The first comprises five, namely, No. 1. New York, above the high lands, and Vermont. 2. New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut. 3. New York, below the high lands, and that part of New Jersey which furnishes the first division of militia. 4. Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, and that part of New Jersey which furnishes the second division of militia. Ohio, and the territories of Michigan and Indiana. The division of the south comprises four departments. 6. Virginia, North Carolina, and the district of Columbia. 7. South Carolina and Georgia. 8. Louisiana, and the Mississippi territory. 9. Tennessee, Kentucky, and the territories of Missouri and Illinois. The regiments and corps are distributed in the following manner: in the northern division; for the posts and fortresses on the coast of New England, ten companies of the regiment of light artillery, and four of the corps of artillery. For the harbour of New York and its dependencies; four companies of the corps of artillery. For Fort Miflin and its dependencies; two companies of the corps of artillery. For Fort M'Henry and its dependencies; two companies of the corps of artillery. For Sackett's harbour; a company of the corps of artillery. For Plattsburgh;

a company of the corps of artillery. For Niagara ; a company of the corps of artillery. For Fort Washington, on the Potomac; a company of the corps of artillery. For Detroit and its dependencies; ten companies of infantry, four of riflemen. In the division of the south: for Norfolk harbour and its dependencies; three companies of the corps of artillery. For Forts Johnson and Hampton, North Carolina; a company of the corps of artillery. For Charleston harbour and its dependencies; four companies of the corps of artillery. For Savannah; one company of the corps of artillery. For Mobile; a company of the corps of artillery. For Plaquemine; a company of the corps of artillery.. For Forts St Charles, St John, and Petite Coquille; three companies of the corps of artillery. For Natchitoches; one company of the corps of artillery, two of riflemen. For St Louis and its dependencies; ten companies of infantry, four of riflemen. For Chefuncti; ten companies of artillery. For the vicinity of Augusta and Georgia; ten companies of infantry.

Promotion.-1. Original vacancies are supplied by selection; those which are accidental by seniority, except in extraordinary cases. 2. Promotions to the rank of captain is made regimentally; to that of field officers appointments, by the line, the light artillery, dragoons, artillery, infantry, and riflemen, being kept always distinct. Salutations to be paid by the troops are proportionate to the office or situation; and the highest honours are due to the president and vicepresident of the United States. The national salute