& Co., New York City, as a journal devoted NOTICES OF NEW ADVERTISEMENTS. We omitted in our last No. to call attention to Mr. KeiK. is believed to be a successful fruit-grower, and we doubt logg's advertisement of Nursery stock at Janesville. Mr. not that his stock will give good satisfaction. L. J. Bush & Co., of Milwaukee, advertise the Ohio Mowiter and Reaper. As agents they are perfectly reliable, and the machine they advertise is one of the best in the country. A See Fowler & Wells' advertisement of their Phrenological Journal. They stand at the head of their profession in this country and in Europe, and their Journal is full of interest. The Madison Seed Store, as now kept by Messrs. Chapin & Eldred is a credit to this city. They also keep a general and most excellent assortment of family groceries, &c. Hunt's Merchant's Magazine, published by Wm. B. Dana at $5, is absolutely unequalled, so far as we know, by any similar publication. It is a handsome octavo magazine of 140 pages O. S. Willey & Co. advertise a quantity of apple seed. Attention is called to the advertisement of N. J. Moody, Surgeon Dentist. Mr. M. is ingenious in almost any dein his office is evidence of superior skill in his proression. partment of the mechanic arts and the fine work to be seen STATEMENT OF THE monthly, abounding in articles of the highest Madison Mutual Insurance Company, value, and touching a wide range of subjects, including Agriculture, Mechanics, Commerce, Nautical Science, Commercial Law, the Finances of Government, &c., &c. The ablest practical writers of the country are contributors to its pages, and all its articles are original. There is no one of the whole number of most welcome magazines which we would not sooner part with than with this. FOR THE YEAR ENDING JANUARY 1st, 1862. Made to the Governor of the State of Wisconsin, as re- ASSETS: Premium notes of policy holders $180,124 63 policy holders for cash pre- Am't secured by mortgage and 35,408 66 332 47 1,000 00 Office furniture and fixtures,... The Atlantic Monthly.-Among the zines devoted to Literature the "Atlantic" ranks No. 1. Clothed in its neat russet cover, with the glorious old Stars and Stripes persistently floating aloft, it comes to us twelve times a year, laden with the rich gifts of the first statesmen, philosophers, poets, romancers and reviewers of the times. Liberal aud independent in politics, religion, literature and science, it is most admirably adapted to the wants of the best class of the American people, and should have a place in every intelligent family. Published by at Boston, at $3.50 per annum. can " The New York Tribune maintains its high place as a political newspaper of the Republi'persuasion," and has won the credit during the past year of giving the latest, most correct and most complete reports of battles and army movements. Price, a little advanced. See Prospectus on cover of FARMER. Forney's War Press, published at Philadelphia, is one of the ablest and most interesting newspapers of this country. It belongs to the Douglas Wing of the Democracy in politics and wields a strong influence on behalf of the Government as against the traitors of the South and the aiders and abettors of treason everywhere. It is usually embellished with several spirited engravings, and has a growing popularity. Price, $2 per annum. Several interesting communications intended for this No. are necessarily deferred. $1,625 20 of officers and directors-stationery, ex- $216,865 76 $216,865 76 14,357 $10,320,789 00 3,709 80 3,433 89 5,778 $5,315,173 00 93,944 06 48,377 36 15,801 13 6,881 16 1,568 85 7,460 84 3,002 42 6,069 56 88. STATE OF WISCONSIN, DANE COUNTY, We, the undersigned, being the President and a majority of the Directors of the "Madison Mutual Insurance Company," do solemnly swear, and each for himself saith, that the foregoing is a true and correct statement of the affairs of said company in the particulars therein named, as appears by the books of the company, according to the best of our knowledge and belief. D. J. POWERS, President. H. H. GILES, SAM'L R. MCCLELLAN, G. R. MONTAGUE, ORRIN GUERNSEY, THE WISCONSIN FARMER. J. W. HOYT, : VOL. XV. Interesting Letter from New Mexico. I reached this place on the 27th of September last, after a journey of thirty-nine days from Lawrence, Kansas. Though we received two heavy showers on the plains, one of which reached from Pawnee Fork to the mountains, yet the plains have been uncommonly dry the past summer, and the grass was short. These vast prairies of hundreds of miles in every direction are such, because they are without a swell to catch the currents of air which pass in the month of April, May or June, and the The over them from the Gulf of Mexico, to deposit wise over the land and the small ditches cut their waters far off to the north. In New Mexico all cultivation is carried on by irrigation, and consequently is confined to the valleys and plains near the streams. These of course must be the best lands, formed as for future waterings, and the work is done till watering time arrives. Corn is planted in the same manner, except the seed is placed in the bottom of the furrow at proper distances apart, and is covered by the next furrow. Crops re they are from the washings from the mountains, quire about two waterings to perfect them. The yield exceeds belief. Wheat, which excels all other crops, not unfrequently gives fifty times the amount sown, and is of a superior quality. A hundred to one has been known. The other grains yield about the same as in of which the old volcanic ashes, and decomposed felspathic rocks make a large ingredient. The long droughts and hot sunshine of summer draw the salts from these, as well as from the salt-bearing rocks on which they are deposited, to such an extent, that almost every foot of land shows the white incrustations of the singular salts which here abound, and which in many places, where there is more than common moisture, lies like a heavy hoar frost over the whole surface. Such places produce only those plants that would thrive on the sea-shore, and are the resort of cattle for their supply of salt. the States. After the crop is taken off, the land is trampled over and fed by the cattle until the next plowing time, when, without having received any manure, or even water, it is again replanted as before. But that is not all. There is never sufficient frost here to penetrate to the depth of eight inches, and seldom lasting more than ten days at one time. From January to April there is scarcely a day in which the wind does not blow with such force as to remove ev The lands which are cultivated are productive to a degree perfectly astounding to a strangery particle of dust from the face of the earth er, when the mode of cultivation they have undergone, and exposure suffered for all past time, are taken into the account. Sometime as if it were snow. In many places all the earth which has been stirred by the plow during summer, is carried off during winter, no one knows where, as there is not a tree, bush or fence in any Mexican field to prevent it, nor water in the soil to hold it together. An entirely new soil has then to be broken up for the next crop. All this might be prevented by watering the land during the winter months; and such watering would be of vast service to the next crop. Deep fall plowing would be of as much service here as in Wisconsin, if followed by proper waterings during the winter; without that, it would only tend to deprive the land of its soil. Last winter there was a fall of three feet of snow in the Taos valley, which lay on the ground from Christmas to April, all of which melted and soaked into the ground. The result has been that this summer they have reaped on that land, which has been in cultivation, without any manure, for a hundred and fifty years past, from fifty to seventy-five times the amount of wheat sown. Without winter irrigation of some kind, the water will never penetrate below where the plow has broken the soil, and there will be no spare moisture for vegetable life ten days after the waterings have taken place. Showers fall in July and August, which help out the crops, and sometimes within the mountains, (that is, beyond the first ranges,) corn is made by the rains alone. well for cultivating the soil as New Mexico. While he expends no more labor here than in Wisconsin, and reaps as large a crop, he gets from three to sixteen times as much for it. The following are a few of the prices this) is year: Corn, wheat and oats $5 00 a fanega, (21⁄2 bushe's); Beans and peas $10 to $12 & fanega; Turnips, beets, carrots and parsnips $5 to $8 a fanega; cabbages, kohl-rabies, ruta bagas 25 cts. each; onions and red peppers 4 cents each; winter squashes 50 cts. to $1 each; Mexican calabazas 25 to 50 cts- each; oats unthrashed $50 per ton; prairie hay, corn-stalks and straw $30 to $40 per ton. All merchandise three or four times as high as in Madison. Mexican men labor for $25 a month and board themselves. Butter is seventy-five cents a pound, and scarce at that price. I am told that a tract of about seven acres of land here, this year, planted in corn and oats, has yielded crops to the value of $750, and another patch cultivated as a market garden. has yielded $1,200 from an acre; and if it had been cultivated as some of the gardens about Madison, and other places in Wisconsin, are cultivated, its value might have been doubled. I know of no land so well adapted to the culture of all the tap roots, as are the bottoms of the streams in New Mexico. I have not The grain crops consist of spring wheat. corn, oats, beans and peas; and the green veg-mentioned the price of potatoes in the above etables are onions, cabbages, red peppers, beets, carrots and calabazas, (a sort of hard shelled squash). Few of these are raised, owing to the fact that there are no enclosed gardens, and eattle are free commoners by the first of October. The food of the Mexicans is meat, wheat and corn. All the green food is consumed by Christmas. Wheat is ground, sifted in a wire seive, and made into tortillas (tor-teel-yas), and corn into atole (a-to-le). Tortillas are wheat meal mixed hard with water, platted very thin with the hands, and baked on a hot iron. They are very tough, and pieces answer the purpose of spoons for eating soup or beans. Atole is made from the meal of parched corn, like a thick porridge, and is drank from a cup. No portion of the Union pays the laborer to list, because they do not thrive well here, and their production is seldom attempted, notwithstanding there is a small wild one which grows spontaneously. Last year, owing to failure of snow in the mountains, there was no water in this river, the Mora, and no planting could be done at the proper season; but on the 30th of June there was a heavy shower, so that the land could be plowed. On the first of July the owner of this place commenced with five teams to plant corn and oats, planted till the tenthmost of the corn in drills for feed; and without any water from the river, his ten days work yielded him $7,000 in cash after harvest. These yields and prices are not confined to this portion of the Territory. As much produce, and as high and higher prices may be obtained at any place, where cultivation can be had, from here to Fort Craig, a distance of 400 miles. Farming here pays better than gold digging in California or Pike's Peak. J. G. KNAPP. BARCLAY'S FORT, near FORT UNION, New Mexico. Dec 5. ΝΟ. V. GREAT BRITAIN, CONTINUED. In our last we completed such brief account as it seemed advisable to give of the mineral resources and products of the British Kingdom. And although much more might well be said of such products and of Processes, yet, through fear of becoming tedious, in view of the much that remains to be said of the splendid contributions of this and other nations, we hurry on to consider, in this number, the next branch, in logical order, of the English Department, to wit: VEGETABLE AND ANIMAL PRODUCTS. or Woolly-eared wheats are the most popular. Chiddaw, or Cheltham, is a round, fair, evengrained wheat, adapted to soft, rich soils, and grown in the finest wheat districts of England. It is a free-grower, long-strawed, ripens early, and is not liable to lodge or mildew. Weight in dry summers, often as high as 67 pounds. It is not so well adapted to the latitude of Scotland. The Hunter's wheat was chiefly from the eastern counties of Scotland. Samples shown by the Messrs. Lawson, distinguished seedsmen of Edinburgh, grown in east Lothian, were very fine. It is adapted to medium and even to inferior soils, has a moderate length of straw, a hard, flinty kernel, and is a great favorite with millers and bakers. The Talavera wheat is regarded in England as the best spring variety for black and gravelly soils. As a winter wheat, it is rather short strawed. Grain large, oblong, thin-skinned, very white. The Forests of Great Britain were not very well represented in the Exhibition; still there were samples of some of the more common varieties of timber, such as the oak, ash, maple, elm, sycamore, birch, poplar, pine, larch, chestnut, &c., from the numerous small forests belonging to private estates, which, however, together with those of Hampshire, Gloucestershire and Nottinghamshire, constitute in the aggregate what by an American must be considered a very moderate supply of timber. There is, nevertheless, so exhaustless a sup-ing with softer and whiter sorts. ply of coal and of peat in the British Islands that there is but little suffering for want of fuel, while the importations of timber of all kinds, and at moderate rates-owing to the extent of their matchles smerchant marine-furnish their ship builders and other workers in wood with needed material. Velvet variety, (common, originally from Dantzic), adapted to rich, loamy soils, and a great favorite in the counties of Sussex and Kent. The grain is semi-transparent, and yields an excellent flour. The Irish White is, as the name implies, popular in Ireland; also cultivated in some parts of England with good success. It is a winter wheat and is never sown in spring; adapted to light soils; grain, large, oblong, rather brownish, flinty; in favor with bakers for mix OF THE CEREALS OF GREAT BRITAIN there were 25 exhibitors-some of the collections being very fine. Among the red wheats of England, are the Lamma, adapted to inferior soils and to a mild climate, and hence grown chiefly in the south and southwest of England, Spaulding's Prolife, Clover's, and the Red Nursery. REMARKABLE RESULTS OF THE CAREFUL "BREED- Samples of the last named were shown by Mr. Hallett, of Sussex county, as "Hallett's Pedigree Nursery Wheat." They purported to Wheat was there in several varieties and from have been "bred" on the same principle of most of the grain growing districts of the repeated selection which has produced our pure kingdom. Of the white varieties, the Chid-races of animals. "A certain quantity of the daw, Hunter's. the Talavera, and the Velvet best Red Nursery wheat was sown, and on the |