Dixi ad id tempus quod mihi a tr. pl. praestitutum est: a vobis peto quaesoque ut hanc meam defensionem pro amici periculo fidelem, pro rei publicae salute consularem putetis.

Servius ad Verg. Aen. i. 13: Cicero pro Rabirio. Et cum universo populo Romano, tum vero equestri ordini longe carissimus.

in their opinion about the purpose of this oration, whether it was to save Rabirius from death or from exile or some penalty. I conclude with the following note of Klotz: "This passage also shows, that only the external form of procedure of the old process for Perduellio could be retained, since at this time Leges protected the Roman citizen from the penalty of death; and accordingly also the grievous complaint of our orator (c. 4) about the cruel execution of the condemned was altogether superfluous, and only calculated to deceive the

multitude who had to decide."

Niebuhr, in his edition of this fragment, has supplied the defects of the MS., and I have followed his text except in a few instances. Halm's text differs from Niebuhr's in a few places. All the restorations of Niebuhr are not certain, but most of them are. I have not printed in Italics the restored words and letters, as Halm has done, but the reader must remember that the incomplete text of the Palimpsest has been restored.

The title of the Second Edition of the orations is :-" M. Tullii Ciceronis orationes. Ad codices ex magna parte primum aut iterum collatos emendaverunt I. G. Baiterus et Car. Halmius. Pars Prior. Turici. 1854." See p. 136 of this Vol.

This is a very excellent edition. The various readings are given much more completely than in Orelli's edition; and the text is improved in many parts. The editors have prefixed their names to the orations which they have respectively edited. The Verrinae are edited by C. A. Jordan. It is possible that I may in the notes have sometimes written Halm for Baiter, or Baiter for Halm; but I have stated in the Introductions the name of the editor of each oration, whose text I have used or compared with this.