5. What is the sum of $170, $400.02, $130, $250.10, and $845.22? 6. What is the sum of $268.45, $800.05, $192.125, $80.625, and $90.25? 7. What is the sum of $1500.20, $1050.07, $100.70, $95.025, $360.437, and $425 ? 8. What is the sum of $2600, $1927.404, $1603.40, $3304.17, $165.47, and $2600.08? 9. A man bought a load of hay for $19.675, a horse for $73.25, a yoke of oxen for $69.56, a cow for $17, and a calf for $5.80: what did he pay for all? 10. A lady gave $21.50 for a dress, $9.25 for a bonnet, $28.33 for a shawl, and $15.25 for a muff: what was her bill? 11. A jockey bought a span of horses for $276.87, and sold them so as to gain $73.45: how much did he sell them for? 12. A man gave $4925.68 for a farm, and sold it so as to gain $1565.37: how much did he sell it for? 13. A man sold a sloop for $7623.87, which was $1141.25 less than cost: how much did it cost? 14. A man bought a block of stores for $15268, which was $1721 less than cost: what was the cost? 15. What is the sum of 134 dolls. 3 cts. 7 mills, 108 dolls. 6 cts. 8 mills, 90 dolls. 9 cts. 4 mills, and 46 dolls. 18 cts. 4 mills? 16. What is the sum of 61 dolls. 1 ct. 2 mills, 19 dolls. 11 cts. 4 mills, 140 dolls. and 80 dolls. 4 cts.? 17. What is the sum of 140 dolls. 10 cts., 69 dolls. 3 cts. 8 mills, 18 dolls. 7 cts., and 29 dolls. 5 mills? 18. What is the sum of 860 dolls. 8 cts., 298 dolls. 4 cts. 8 mills, 416 dolls., 280 dolls. 13 cts., and 91 dolls.? 19. What is the sum of 14209 dolls., 65241 dolls., 1050 dolls., 610 dolls. 7 cts., and 1000 dolls. 10 cts.? 20. What is the sum of 1625 dolls., 4025 dolls., 1863 dolls. 75 cts., 16000 dolls., and 48261 dolls. ? 21. What is the sum of 8 thousand dolls., 2 hundred and 60 dolls. 5 cts., 19 thousand dolls. 60 cts., 6 hundred dolls. 9 cts.? 22. What is the sum of 19 thousand dolls. 50 cts., 61 thousand dolls. 10 cts., 18 hundred dolls. 3 cts.? SUBTRACTION OF FEDERAL MONEY. for Ex. 1. A merchant bought a quantity of molasses for $75.40, and a box of sugar for $42.63: how much more did he pay one than the other? Operation. $75.40 42.63 $32.77 We write the less number under the greater, placing dollars under dollars, &c., then subtract and point off the answer, as in subtraction of decimals. Hence, 375. We derive the following general RULE FOR SUBTRACTING FEDERAL MONEY. Write the less number under the greater, with dollars under dollars, cents under cents, &c.; then subtract and point off the remainder as in subtraction of decimal fractions. (Art. 322.) OBS. If either of the given numbers have no cents expressed, it is customary to supply their place by ciphers. 2. A man bought a horse for $75.50, and sold it for $87.63: how much did he make by his bargain? 3. If a man deposits $204.65 in a bank, and afterwards checks out $119.83, how much will he have left ? 4. A man owing $682.40, paid $435.25: how much does he still owe? 5. A man owing $982.68, paid all but $64.20: how much did he pay? 6. A merchant bought a quantity of goods for $833.63, and retailed them for $1016.85: how much did he make by the bargain? 7. A merchant bought a lot of goods for $1265.82, and sold them for $942.35: how much did he lose? 8. A grocer sold a lot of sugar for $635.20, and made thereby $261.38: how much did he pay for the sugar ? 9. A man sold his farm for $12250.62, which was $1379.87 more than it cost: how much did it cost? QUEST.-375. How is Federal Money subtracted? How point off the remainder? Obs. When either of the given numbers have no cents, how is their place supplied? 10. From $10600.75 take $8901.26. 15. From 506 dolls. take 316 dolls. and 8 cts. MULTIPLICATION OF FEDERAL MONEY. 376. In multiplication of Federal Money, as well as in simple numbers, the multiplier must always be considered an abstract number. (Art. 82. Obs. 2.) Ex. 1. What will 8 bbls. of flour cost, at $5.62 per bbl.? Analysis. Since 1 bbl. costs $5.62, 8 bbls. will cost 8 times as much; and $5.62×8=$44.96 Ans. 2. What cost 21.7 bushels of apples, at 15 cts. per bushel? Operation. 21.7 .15 1085 217 $3.255 Ans. Reasoning as before, 21.7 bushels will cost 21.7 times 15 cents. But in performing the multiplication, it is more convenient to make the .15 the multiplier, and the result will be the same as if it was placed for the multiplicand. (Art. 83.) Point off the product as before. Hence, 377. When the price of one article, one pound, one yard, &c., is given, to find the cost of any number of articles, pounds, yards, &c. Multiply the price of one article and the number of articles together, and point off the product as in multiplication of decimals. (Art. 324.) QUEST.-376. In Multiplication of Federal Money, what must one of the given factors be considered? 377. When the price of one article, one pound, &c., is given, how is the cost of any number of articles found? 3. What cost 17.6 yards of cloth, at $4.75 per yard? 4. Multiply $25.625 by 20.2. 378. From the preceding illustrations we derive the following general RULE FOR MULTIPLYING FEDERAL MONEY. Multiply as in simple numbers, and point off the product as in multiplication of decimal fractions. (Art. 324.) OBS. 1. When the price, or the quantity contains a common fraction, the fraction may be changed to a decimal. (Art. 337.) 2. In business operations, when the mills in the answer are 5, or over, it is customary to call them a cent; when under 5, they are disregarded. 5. What cost 12 yards of cotton, at 94 cts. per yard? Solution.-12 yards=12.5, and 94 cts.=.0925; now .0925X 12.5=$1.15625. Ans. lbs. of pork come to? bbls. of flour cost? 6. What cost 45 yards of satin, at 87 cts. per yard? 7. What cost 1694 bbls. of pork, at $8 per barrel? 8. What cost 3244 lbs. of sugar, at 124 cts. a pound? 9. What cost 97 gals. of oil, at 87 cts. per gallon? 10. What cost 310 lbs. of tea, at 624 cts. a pound? 11. What cost 23 tons of hay, at $84 per ton? 12. What cost 45 bbls. of flour, at $74 per barrel? 13. At 15 cts. per doz., what cost 13 dozen of eggs ? 14. At 84 cts. per pound, what will 32 15. At $64 per bbl., what will 145 16. At 221 cts. per doz., what will a gross of buttons cost? 17. At 314 cts. per doz., what cost 45 doz. skeins of silk? 18. At 174 cts. per yard, what cost 914 yards of calico? 19. What cost 45 doz. plates, at 62 cts. per doz.? 20. What cost 63 doz. pen-knives, at $3 per doz.? 21. What cost 19 doz. silver spoons, at $7 per dozen? 22. What cost 1865 bushels of wheat, at $14 per bushel? yds. of broadcloth, at $5 per yard? 23. What cost 2560 QUEST.-378. What is the rule for Multiplication of Federal Money? Obs. When the price or quantity contains a common fraction, what should be done with it? DIVISION OF FEDERAL MONEY. Ex. 1. A man bought 8 sheep for $42.24: what did he give apiece? Analysis. If 8 sheep cost $42.24, 1 sheep will cost of $42.24; and $42.24-8=$5.28. Ans. $5.28. PROOF.-If 1 sheep costs $5.28, 8 sheep will cost 8 times as much; and $5.28X8=$42.24. Hence, 379. When the number of articles, pounds, yards, &c., and the cost of the whole are given, to find the price of one article, one pound, &c. Divide the whole cost by the whole number of articles, and point off the quotient as in division of decimal fractions. (Art. 330.) 2. A shoemaker sold 15 pair of boots for $67.50: how much did he get a pair? 3. A merchant sold 65 lbs. of sugar for $3.93: how much was that a pound? 4. A man bought 6.5 yards of cloth for $20.345: how much was that per yard? 5. How many bbls. of flour, at $5.38 per bbl., can be bought for $34.97? Analysis. Since $5.38 will buy 1 bbl., $34.97 will buy as many bbls. as $5.38 are contained times in $34.97. We divide as in simple numbers, and point off one decimal figure in the quotient. Operation. 5.38)34.97(6.5 Ans. PROOF.-$5.38X6.5=$34.97, the given amount. 32 28 2 690 2 690 380. Hence, when the price of one article, pound, yard, &c., and the cost of the whole are given, to find the number of articles, &c. Divide the whole cost by the price of one, and point off the quotient as in division of decimals. QUEST.-379. When the number of articles, pounds, &c., and the cost of the whole are given, how is the cost of one article found? 380. When the price of one article, one pound, &c., and the cost of the whole are given, how is the number of articles found? |