enjoyments to be derived from the performance of these duties, and inculcate as earnestly the theory of good conduct in promoting physical and mental comfort as they would do the advantages of eat. ing when we are hungry, or of resting when we are weary! We expend time and money in attempting to cultivate the intellect; but we leave the moral feelings, the chief part of man, to the growth and direction of chance, as if they, blind as they are in their impulse, must necessarily go right of their own accord.

As to religion, I consider its consequences, in relation to futurity, of too momentous a character to be disposed of in the compass of an essay; but this much I must say, in a mere practical point of view, that the morality of Christianity is demonstrated by phrenology to be in perfect harmony with the nature of man, and to lead directly to happiness in this world. Phrenology points out faculties of Benevolence, giving a warm sympathy with, and desire for, the happiness of our fellows, which can reap full gratification only by being actively employed in promoting the welfare and alleviating the miseries of man. It points to a principle of Conscientiousness which has a direct reference to the active duties of life, and which can find no scope when secluded from society. It points to a principle in Veneration, which leads to the adoration of God, and to veneration for all his institutions, and a strong desire of yielding them obedience, and of rendering respect to every thing great and excellent. It points to Hope, to Firmness, to Cautiousness, and to many other faculties which are little called into exercise in the quiet retirement of entirely domestic life, but which, in the wider relations of society, find ample and pleasing scope.

On every principle, then, physiological, philosophical, moral, or religious, it becomes an imperative duty on those who are charged with the education of the young to do their utmost to draw out and invigorate the various mental and physical powers with which man is endowed, and not to leave any of them in passive weakness and languor where it can possibly be avoided.

Some object, that the study of any department of science, even of that of the human mind, is unfeminine and unbecoming; but who is the better judge here?-God, who gave the capacity that it might be used, or man, who tries to destroy it by its abuse and neglect ? The same objectors hold it proper and feminine, that a lady who has no taste for music should waste five or six hours a day in its toilsome cultivation; but they think it wrong that she should take an hour of that time to acquire some useful and pleasing, but homely accomplishment. Your readers, however, are beyond the influence of such

absurdities, and I shall not stop to notice any of the thousand and one equally frivolous objections made against female education.

The most rational objection which is likely to be started is, that the institutions of society do not yet afford the means of acting up to what reason points out as right. In this there is, unfortunately, too much truth, for education is only in its infancy; but still it is highly useful to draw public attention to the deficiencies of existing systems; and much may be done at home in the proper regulation of employments and of reading, and in fulfilling the ordinary duties of life towards all with whom we are connected above and below us. It thus becomes as imperative a duty to exercise and ttain the moral sentiments as to cultivate the intellect; to employ Benevolence in promoting happiness, in relieving suffering, in administering to the wants of others, and in seeking out deserving objects of compassion; to use Conscientiousness as the regulating principle between ourselves and others: to cultivate and direct Veneration to the worship of God and submission to his will, and to train every sentiment to healthy activity and vigour, by exercising it on its own objects. In those whose active sympathies never extend beyond their own families, the best feelings languish in painful inactivity, and both mind and body suffer; for it must never be forgotten, that in this world the state of the mind hinges of necessity upon that of the body, and is influenced by its every change. Improve the health and strengthen the tone of the one, and you will also improve and strengthen the other. The grand principle which lies at the foundation of education, moral and intellectual, is to exercise the respective faculties on their own objects, as it is only by exercise that the mental organs can be duly developed, nourished, and invigorated; and consequently, if, knowing this, we leave many of them unexcited and unemployed, and nervous debility remain, we ought to acknowledge that in so far we are falling short of our duty, and have no reason to be surprised at the nature of the result.

What, therefore, is wanted, is a system of education in harmony with the constitution of the human mind, and a mode of life and of occupation which shall give, not only full play to the intellectual powers, but also healthy excitement and activity, and a direct direction to the moral, religious, and affective feelings.

ARTICLE V.

CHARACTER OF EUSTACHE.

The above cuts are designed to present two different views of the head of a negro, by the name of Eustache, who was eminently distinguished for the qualities of virtue and benevolence. This individual died at Paris in the year 1835. Some years previously, the Paris Phrenological Society had obtained an accurate cast of his head, and forwarded specimens to the Edinburgh Phrenological Society, a copy of which was brought to this country by Mr. George Combe. Our object in introducing them in this article, is to show a remarkable developement of the coronal region of the head, and its corresponding manifestations in character. It is doubtful whether another such instance of pure virtue and disinterested benevolence can be found recorded in the annals of history. It is the more striking, inasmuch as the individual belonged to a race generally regarded as deficient in those qualities; and, besides, they were exhibited in the present case under circumstances of such ignorance and oppression, that we might naturally have expected traits of character directly the reverse. But we will let the facts speak for themselves.

The forty-second number of the Edinburgh Phrenological Journal gives the following account of Eustache, which is, in part, as indicated by quotation marks, copied from the Phrenological Journal of Paris:

"On the 9th of August, 1832, this negro, when sixty years of age, obtained the prize of virtue from the Institute, on account of the devoted attachment he had displayed, in St. Domingo, towards his

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