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Art thou that steppest between heart and heart?
Cain. He is a god.

Adah.

Cain.

A god.

How know'st thou ?

[that

Adah. So did the serpent, and it lied.
Lucifer. Thou errest, Adah!—was not the tree
Of knowledge?
Adah.

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Must not my daughter love her brother Enoch?
Lucifer. Not as thou lovest Cain.
Adah.
Oh, my God!
Shall they not love and bring forth things that love
Out of their love? have they not drawn their milk
Out of this bosom? was not he, their father,
Born of the same sole womb, in the same hour
With me? did we not love each other? and
In multiplying our being multiply

Things which will love each other as we love
Them? And as I love thee, my Cain! go not
Forth with this spirit; he is not of ours.

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Hast pluck'd a fruit more fatal to thine offspring
Than to thyself; thou at the least hast pass'd

He speaks like Thy youth in Paradise, in innocent
And happy intercourse with happy spirits:
But we, thy children, ignorant of Eden,
Are girt about by demons, who assume
The words of God, and tempt us with our own
Dissatisfied and curious thoughts-as thou
Wert work'd on by the snake, in thy most flush'd
And heedless, harmless wantonness of bliss.
I cannot answer this immortal thing
Which stands before me; I can not abhor him;

Ay-to our eternal sorrow.

Lucifer. And yet that grief is knowledge—so he
lied not:

And if he did betray you, 't was with truth;
And truth in its own essence cannot be

But good.

Adah.

But all we know of it has gather'd
Evil on ill: expulsion from our home,
And dread, and toil, and sweat, and heaviness;
Remorse of that which was-and hope of that
Which cometh not. Cain! walk not with this spirit.
Bear with what we have borne, and love me-I
Love thee.

Lucifer. More than thy mother, and thy sire?

[The first interview of Lucifer with Cain is full of sublimity. JEFFREY.]

[It is impossible not to be struck with the resemblance between many of these passages and others in Manfred.]

3 [Mr. Jeffrey's eulogium on this, perhaps the most Shak

I look upon him with a pleasing fear,

And yet I fly not from him in his eye

There is a fastening attraction which
Fixes my fluttering eyes on his; my heart
Beats quick; he awes me, and yet draws me near,
Nearer and nearer:- -Cain-Cain-save me from

him !3

Cain. What dreads my Adah? This is no ill spirit.
Adah. He is not God-nor God's: I have beheld

spearian speech in Lord Byron's tragedies, seems cold enough. He says, "Adah, the wife of Cain, enters, and shrinks from the daring and blasphemous speech which is passing between him and the Spirit. Her account of the fascination which he exercises over her is magnificent."]

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In the same hour! They pluck'd the tree of science
And sin-and, not content with their own sorrow,
Begot me- thee. and all the few that are,
And all the unnumber'd and innumerable
Multitudes, millions, myriads, which may be,
To inherit agonies accumulated

By ages! and I must be sire of such things!
Thy beauty and thy love-my love and joy,
The rapturous moment and the placid hour, 2
All we love in our children and each other,
But lead them and ourselves through many years
Of sin and pain-or few, but still of sorrow,
Intercheck'd with an instant of brief pleasure,
To Death-the unknown! Methinks the tree of

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Alone! Oh, my God!

Who could be happy and alone, or good?
To me my solitude seems sin; unless
When I think how soon I shall see my brother,
His brother, and our children, and our parents.
Lucifer. Yet thy God is alone; and is he happy?
Lonely, and good?

Adah.
He is not so; he hath
The angels and the mortals to make happy,
And thus becomes so in diffusing joy.
What else can joy be, but the spreading joy?
Lucifer. Ask of your sire, the exile fresh from
Eden;

Or of his first-born son: ask your own heart;
It is not tranquil.

Adah.

Are you of heaven?

Lucifer.

Alas! no! and you

If I am not, inquire

The cause of this all-spreading happiness
(Which you proclaim) of the all-great and good
Maker of life and living things; it is
His secret, and he keeps it. We must bear,
And some of us resist, and both in vain,
His seraphs say; but it is worth the trial,
Since better may not be without: there is
A wisdom in the spirit, which directs
To right, as in the dim blue air the eye
Of you, young mortals, lights at once upon
The star which watches, welcoming the morn.
Adah. It is a beautiful star; I love it for
Its beauty.

Lucifer. And why not adore?
Adah.

Adores the Invisible only.
Lucifer.

Our father

But the symbols

Of the Invisible are the loveliest
Of what is visible; and yon bright star
Is leader of the host of heaven.
Adah.

Our father

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Save in my father, who is God's own image;
Or in his angels, who are like to thee -
And brighter, yet less beautiful and powerful
In seeming as the silent sunny noon,
All light, they look upon us; but thou seem'st
Like an ethereal night, where long white clouds
Streak the deep purple, and unnumber'd stars
Spangle the wonderful mysterious vault
With things that look as if they would be suns;
So beautiful, unnumber'd, and endearing,
Not dazzling, and yet drawing us to them,
They fill my eyes with tears, and so dost thou
Thou seem'st unhappy: do not make us so,
And I will weep for thee. 3

which it will do Lord B. no credit to name, - the romance of "Faublas."]

[In the drawing of Cain himself, there is much vigorous

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Out of old worlds this new one in few days?
And cannot I, who aided in this work,
Show in an hour what he hath made in many,
Or hath destroy'd in few?

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He shall.

In sooth, return within an hour?
Lucifer.

With us acts are exempt from time, and we
Can crowd eternity into an hour,

Or stretch an hour into eternity:

We breathe not by a mortal measurement —
But that's a mystery. Cain, come on with me.
Adah. Will he return?
Lucifer.

Ay, woman! he alone
Of mortals from that place (the first and last
Who shall return, save ONE),-shall come back to
thee,

To make that silent and expectant world

As populous as this: at present there

Are few inhabitants.

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expression. It seems, however, as if, in the effort to give to Lucifer that spiritual politeness" which the poet professes to have in view, he has reduced him rather below the standard of diabolic dignity, which was necessary to his dramatic interest. He has scarcely "given the devil his due." We thought Lord Byron knew better. Milton's Satan, with his faded majesty, and blasted but not obliterated glory, holds us suspended between terror and amazement, with something like awe of his spiritual essence and lost estate; but Lord Byron has introduced him to us as elegant. pensive, and beautiful, with an air of sadness and suffering that ranks him with the oppressed, and bespeaks our pity.-Brit. Crit.]

ACT II.

SCENE I.

The Abyss of Space. 2

Cain. I tread on air, and sink not; yet I fear To sink.

Lucifer. Have faith in me, and thou shalt be
Borne on the air, of which I am the prince.
Cain. Can I do so without impiety?
Lucifer. Believe-and sink not! doubt
perish thus

Would run the edict of the other God,
Who names me demon to his angels; they
Echo the sound to miserable things,

and

Which, knowing nought beyond their shallow senses,
Worship the word which strikes their ear, and deem
Evil or good what is proclaim'd to them

In their abasement. I will have none such :
Worship or worship not, thou shalt behold
The worlds beyond thy little world, nor be
Amerced for doubts beyond thy little life,
With torture of my dooming. There will come
An hour, when, toss'd upon some water-drops, 3
A man shall say to a man, "Believe in me,
And walk the waters;" and the man shall walk
The billows and be safe. I will not say,
Believe in me, as a conditional creed
To save thee; but fly with me o'er the gulf
Of space an equal flight, and I will show
What thou dar'st not deny, -the history

Of past, and present, and of future worlds.
Cain. Oh, god, or demon, or whate'er thou art,
Is yon our earth?

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[The act concludes with the departure of Cain, under the guidance of his new monitor, to see the place of departed spirits. Their flight, in the next, across the abyss of space, and amid the unnumbered suns and systems which it comprises, is very fine. — HEBER.]

[In the second act, the demon carries his disciple through all the limits of space, and expounds to him, in very lofty and obscure terms, the destinies of past and future worlds. They have a great deal of exceptionable talk. - JEFFREY.] 3["An hour, when, walking on a petty lake,

A man shall say, &c."— MS.]

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Know nought of death, save as a dreadful thing
Of which I have heard my parents speak, as of
A hideous heritage I owe to them
No less than life; a heritage not happy,
If I may judge, till now. But, spirit! if
It be as thou hast said (and I within
Feel the prophetic torture of its truth),
Here let me die: for to give birth to those
Who can but suffer many years, and die,
Methinks is merely propagating death,
And multiplying murder.

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The Other

All die-there is what must survive.
Cain.

Spake not of this unto my father, when
He shut him forth from Paradise, with death
Written upon his forehead. But at least
Let what is mortal of me perish, that

I may be in the rest as angels are.

Lucifer. I am angelic: wouldst thou be as I am?
Cain. I know not what thou art: I see thy power,
And see thou show'st me things beyond my power,
Beyond all power of my born faculties,
Although inferior still to my desires
And my conceptions.

Lucifer.

What are they which dwell

So humbly in their pride, as to sojourn
With worms in clay ?

Cain.

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Is it not glorious?
Cain.

Oh, thou beautiful

And unimaginable ether! and

Ye multiplying masses of increased

And still increasing lights! what are ye? what
Is this blue wilderness of interminable
Air, where ye roll along, as I have seen

The leaves along the limpid streams of Eden?
Is your course measured for ye? Or do ye
Sweep on in your unbounded revelry
Through an aërial universe of endless

Expansion at which my soul aches to think –
Intoxicated with eternity?

Oh God! Oh Gods! or whatsoe'er ye are !
How beautiful ye are how beautiful
Your works, or accidents, or whatsoe'er
They may be! Let me die, as atoms die
(If that they die), or know ye in your might
And knowledge! My thoughts are not in this hour
Unworthy what I see, though my dust is;

Spirit! let me expire, or see them nearer.

Lucifer. Art thou not nearer? look back to thine

earth!

Cain. Where is it? I see nothing save a mass
Of most innumerable lights.
Lucifer.

Cain. I cannot see it.
Lucifer.

Cain. That! - yonder !
Lucifer.
Cain.

Look there!

Yet it sparkles still.

Yea.

And wilt thou tell me so ?

Why, I have seen the fire-flies and fire-worms
Sprinkle the dusky groves and the green banks
In the dim twilight, brighter than yon world
Which bears them.

Lucifer. Thou hast seen both worms and worlds,
And what art thou who dwellest Each bright and sparkling - what dost think of them?

[It is nothing less than absurd to suppose, that Lucifer cannot well be expected to talk like an orthodox divine, and that the conversation of the first Rebel and the first Murderer was not likely to be very unexceptionable; or to plead the authority of Milton, or the authors of the old mysteries, for such offensive colloquies. The fact is, that here the whole argument and a very elaborate and specious argument it isis directed against the goodness or the power of the Deity; and there is no answer so much as attempted to the offensive doctrines that are so strenuously inculcated. The Devil and his pupil have the field entirely to themselves, and are encountered with nothing but feeble obtestations and un. reasoning horrors. Nor is this argumentative blasphemy a mere incidental deformity that arises in the course of an action directed to the common sympathies of our nature. It forms, on the contrary, the great staple of the piece, and occupies, we should think, not less than two thirds of it; so that it is really difficult to believe that it was written for any other

purpose than to inculcate these doctrines; or, at least, to discuss the question upon which they bear. Now, we can certainly have no objection to Lord Byron writing an essay on the origin of evil, and sifting the whole of that vast and perplexing subject, with the force and the freedom that would be expected and allowed in a fair philosophical discussion; but we do not think it fair thus to argue it partially and com amore, in the name of Lucifer and Cain, without the responsibility or the liability to answer, that would attach to a philosophical disputant; and in a form which both doubles the danger, if the sentiments are pernicious, and almost precludes his opponents from the possibility of a reply.

JEFFREY. What does Jeffrey mean by elaborate & Why they were written as fast as I could put pen to paper, in the midst of evolutions, and revolutions, and persecutions, and proscriptions of all who interested me in Italy."— Byron Letters.]

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Or I were, or the things which seem to us

Greater than either: many things will have
No end; and some, which would pretend to have
Had no beginning, have had one as mean

As thou; and mightier things have been extinct
To make way for much meaner than we can
Surmise; for moments only and the space
Have been and must be all unchangeable.
But changes make not death, except to clay;
But thou art clay,-and canst but comprehend
That which was clay, and such thou shalt behold.
Cain. Clay, spirit! what thou wilt, I can survey.
Lucifer. Away, then!
Cain.
But the lights fade from me fast
And some till now grew larger as we approach'd,
And wore the look of worlds.

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[It is not very easy to perceive what natural or rational object the Devil proposes to himself in carrying his disciple through the abyss of space, to show him that repository of which we remember hearing something in our infant days, "where the old moons are hung up to dry." To prove that there is a life beyond the grave, was surely no part of his business when he was engaged in fostering the indignation of one who repined at the necessity of dying. And, though it would seem, that entire Hades is, in Lord Byron's picture, a place of suffering, yet, when Lucifer himself had premised

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Cain.

"T is a fearful light: No sun, no moon, no lights innumerable. The very blue of the empurpled night Fades to a dreary twilight, yet I see Huge dusky masses: but unlike the worlds We were approaching, which, begirt with light, Seem'd full of life even when their atmosphere Of light gave way, and show'd them taking shapes Unequal, of deep valleys and vast mountains ; And some emitting sparks, and some displaying Enormous liquid plains, and some begirt With luminous belts, and floating moons, which tock Like them, the features of fair earth: - instead,, All here seems dark and dreadful. Lucifer.

But distinct.

Thou seekest to behold death, and dead things?
Cain. I seek it not; but as I know there are
Such, and that my sire's sin makes him and me,
And all that we inherit, liable

To such, I would behold at once, what I
Must one day see perforce.

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Lucifer. And so it shall be ever; but we will Unfold its gates!

Cain.

Apart-what's this?

Lucifer.

Cain.

Enormous vapours roll

Enter !

Can I return?

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that these sufferings were the lot of those spirits who had sided with him against Jehovah, is it likely that a more accurate knowledge of them would increase Cain's eagerness for the alliance, or that he would not rather have inquired whether a better fortune did not await the adherents of the triumphant side? At all events, the spectacle of many ruined worlds was more likely to awe a mortal into submission, than to rouse him to hopeless resistance; and, even if it made him a hater of God, had no natural tendency to render him furious against a brother who was to be his fellow-sufferer.-HEBER.]

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