corner of the townships, and for convenience, are subdivided into quarters; and we frequently see lands described as a quarter of a quarter. The following is a plan of a township, the subdivisions representing sections: The United States government gave to Michigan, section sixteen, in every township, of the public lands, for the use of schools, and in addition thereto, seventy-two sections for the support of the State University. Questions-What two lines were adopted as a basis for surveying the Territory of Michigan? How was the Territory divided? How many miles square are the townships of Michigan? In what way are the Townships designated? Will you make a diagram explaining this? How are the townships subdivided? How many sections are there in a township? How are they numbered and designated? Will you make a diagram explaining this? How many acres are there in a full section? How are the sections subdivided? Are these subdivisions always uniform? In what way are some of the subdivisions made fractional? Will you illustrate the subdivisions of sections by a diagram? What is said of a grant from the United States of certain lands to this State? CHAPTER VI. GOVERNMENT OF MICHIGAN-DIVISIONS OF THE POWERS OF GOVERNMENT. The powers of Government are divided into three departments: the Legislative, Executive and Judicial. The Legislative department is that which enacts the laws for the government of the people, and its power is vested in a Senate and House of Representatives. The Senate has thirtytwo members and the House of Representatives has one hundred members. These officers are elected by the people, from districts into which the State is divided, and hold their offices for two years. The Executive department of the Government is vested in a Governor, who is assisted by such other officers as are necessary to carry out and execute the laws. Indeed, it is the business of this department to see to it that the laws are carried into effect. The judicial department is that which administers justice according to the laws, and is composed of the different Courts. of Justice. The Judges and Justices of the Peace are Judicial officers. Questions-Into how many departments are the powers of government divided? Name them. What is the Legislative department? How many members are there in each house? How are such members selected? How long do they hold their terms of office? In whom is the Executive department vested? What is the special duty of this department ? What is the Judicial department? Of what officers is this department composed CHAPTER VII. ELECTION OF STATE, COUNTY AND TOWNSHIP OFFICERS. In order that the government may be administered, it is necessary that officers should be elected for that purpose. As the duties of some of these officers pertain to the whole State, we call them State officers; those whose duties are limited to the county, we call county officers; and those whose duties are limited to, and pertain to the government of the townships, cities and villages, we call township, city or village officers, as the case may be. Once in two years, on the Tuesday succeeding the first Monday in November, a general election is held throughout the State, at which the people choose, by ballot, their Governor, Lieutenant-Governor, Secretary of State, Superintendent of Public Instruction, State Treasurer, Commissioner of the Land Office, Members of the State Board of Education, Auditor General, Attorney General, members of the Legislature and Representatives in Congress, Sheriff, County Clerk, County Treasurer, Register of Deeds, Prosecuting Attorney and Circuit Court Commissioners; and once in fouryears, in addition to these, a Probate Judge and Electors of President and Vice President of the United States. The State is divided into ht districts, for the election of Representatives in Congress. On the first Monday in April, of each year, in each or ganized township, the people elect a Supervisor, a Justice of the Peace, a Township Clerk, a Commissioner of Highways, a Township Treasurer, a School Inspector, not exceeding four Constables, and one overseer of highways for each highway district. Judges of the Supreme and Circuit Courts and Regents of the State University are also elected at the April elections. In addition to these, elections are held in cities and villages, of officers to discharge the duties required of them under the charter and by-laws of such city or village. Questions-In treating of the officers required to carry on the government, under what general classification do we refer to them? At what time is the general election for the State and county officers held? Name the officers elected at the general election. Into how many districts is the State divided for the election of Representatives in Congress? At what time are township officers elected? Name the township officers. What other officers are elected at the spring election? CHAPTER VIII. QUALIFICATIONS OF ELECTORS-NATURALIZATION EIGNERS. OF FOR Persons who have the right to make choice of public officers, and to vote, are called electors. In all elections, every male citizen, every male inhabitant residing in the State, on the twenty-fourth day of June, 1835; every male inhabitant residing in the State, on the first day of January, 1850, who has declared his intention to become a citizen of the United States, pursuant to the laws thereof, six months preceeding an election, or who has resided in the State two years and six months, and declared his intention as aforesaid, and every civilized male inhabitant of Indian descent, a native of the United States and not a member of any tribe, |