D

RUGS THAT LIVE!

Are few in number compared to the enormous increase of claimants for the physician's approval. The active practitioner cannot afford to risk success by leaving the safe harbor of tried and approved remedies, to follow the leadings of every alleged new remedy brought to his notice through "worked up" testimonials, adroitly presented to catch the unwary. "It requires a long and careful study to determine the true value of the old, and still longer to test a new medicine.'

GOLDEN

SEAL,

FLUID

The representative American remedy, in all its varied forms, is one of the "drugs that live," and its place in medicine is so firmly established, both in America and Europe, that the physician who does not give it a place in his medicine case fails to fully avail himself of his opportunities to combat disease with the best means at his command.

Was orignated and introduced by The William. S. Merrell Chemical Company, and is the one perfect representative of the drug in fluid form. Is what its name implies-the active medicinal principles of the drug in natural combination and in a fluid form.

Has a bright yellow color; perfectly clear; free from sediment; and with an unmistakable odor of the fresh drug.

HYDRASTIS: Is a pure, neutral solution of all the alkaloidal con

MERRELL,

stituents of the drug; rejecting the oil, gum, irritating and offensive resins; and inert extractive matters.

Is indicated in all affections of the mucous surfaces, correcting abnormal conditions characterized by profuse discharge of tenacious mucous, subinflammation, erosions and superficial.

ulcerations.

FLUID HYDRASTIS

Is used in gonorrhoea, leucorrhoea, ulceration of the cervix uteri and vagina, cystitis, nephritis, stomatitis, dyspepsia, constipation, opthalmi tarsi, conjunctivitis, catarrh of the intestines, painful menstruation, and as a local application to prevent decomposition, as an injection into the bowels in diarrhoea and dysentery, and to correct the offensive character of many mucous discharges.

FORMS A CLEAR SOLUTION WITH ALCOHOL, GLYCERINE, SYRUP, WINE OR WATER. "LABORATORY NOTES” review the Hydrastis subject thoroughly, and consider the associated preparations, "Solution Bismuth and Hydrastia" and "Colorless Hydrastis. Copies are supplied without charge.

THE WM. S. MERRELL CHEMICAL CO.,

MANUFACTURING CHEMISTS, CINCINNATI AND NEW YORK. WILLIAMS, DAVIS, BROOKS & CO., Detroit.

WHOLESALE AND DISPENSING DRUGGISTS, Everywhere.

Specify “WM. S. M. CHEM. CO. ̈*

Please mention THE PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON to advertisers.

TONICS, ANTIPERIODICS,

EXPECTORANTS.

We desire to mention the special advantages of a few eligible preparations which meet many indications in Tonic, Antiperiodic and Expectorant Treatment.

ESENCIA DE CALISAYA.

An agreeable, general tonic and stimulant, the equivalent of 40 grains Calisaya Bark in ea h ounce. As a palatable stimulant, antiperiodic and tebrifuge, possessall the medicinal virtues of Calisaya, it may be relied upon.

Emulsion of COD LIVER OIL with HYPOPHOSPHITES

This is the perfection of an emulsion, pure, fluid, palatable. Each fluidounce contains: Cod Liver Oil, 4 fluidrachms; Hypophosphite of Lime, 8 grains; Hypophosphite of Soda, 4 grains; Gum Arabic, Sugar, Glycerin, Water and Carminatives.

COCILLAÑA, GRINDELIA ROBUSTA, QUEBRACHO, CHEKAN, YERBA SANTA, LIPPIA MEXICANA, ANODYNE PINE EXPECTORANT, BRONCHIAL SEDATIVE, all have had their value proven in relieving respiratory affections.

Among Compressed Troches for Throat and Bronchial Trouble, we may mention Ammonium Muriate, Borax, Potassium Bicarbonate, Potassium Bromide, Potassium Chlorate, Potassium Chlorate and Ammonia Muriate, Potassium Chlorate and Borax, Sodium Bicarbonate, Soda Mint.

Descriptive Literature and all information regarding our products promptly furnished on request.

PARKE, DAVIS & COMPANY,

DETROIT, NEW YORK AND KANSAS CITY.

Please mention THE PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON to advertisers.

incapable of resisting a panic-creating disease, a more virulent type than is known in Europe. Ethiopians stand malaria pretty well, without after-effects, as a rule. Pure-blooded negroes do not have yellow fever, nor do Hindoo coolies, and the Chinese are almost exempt. African races incur greatest danger from cholera, dying off with the greatest rapidity and no effort at resistance. There is scarcely time for any treatment. Europeans in oriental countries and the Hindoos suffer similarly. Bronchial catarrh, pneumonia, and consumption are particularly fatal among native dark races in Africa and Asia. Typhoid fever off the coast of Malabar is extremely dangerous to Europeans, though the natives escape with only mild attacks. Visitors to Saint Kilda or the Society Islands will start from some slight cold, an epidemic of influenza among the natives. Even a cold introduced by a passing vessel runs through Ascension. Island as a severe epidemic, necessitating rest in bed and active treatment for days. Recent arrivals are lightly attacked, older sojourners more severely, and the natives often dangerously. In the Island of Tristan d'Acunha the effect is more virulent, leading even to fatal results. Isolation from other race-due to situation, feuds, scant means of locomotion, and to religion-has accentuated through heredity, liability to certain forms of disease and induced distinct racial idiosyncrasy.

The perpetual superiority of native inhabitants of the temperate zone is owing to the formative conditions there, which develop the strongest constitutions. This temperate-zone superiority becomes at last a racial peculiarity that time cannot change. Brain and brawn of such calibre have really nothing to fear. And it is not too visionary to expect for them, on purely anatomical grounds, the conquest and control of the whole world.-Medical Record.

THE KINDRED OF CHOREA.

DR. OCTARIUS STURGES, in an article on this subject in the American Journal of the Medical Sciences, concludes as follows:

(1) Recent endocarditis, with no further heart change, is the cardinal anatomical feature in those dying with chorea without reference to rheumatism. Yet it is not constantly found, and some of the most striking examples of deaths by chorea are without it.

(2) Choreic endocarditis is distinguishable from rheumatic endocarditis both clinically and anatomically. Clinically it is without physical or general signs, often without rheumatism, and only disclosed post-mortem. Anatomically the inflammation is recent, its chief, often its only seat, is the mitral valve, and there are no consecutive changes in the heart. The contrast to this condition is seen in rheumatic children with valve disease who are or who have been choreic. In them the physical signs observed during life correspond with wellrecognized changes in the valves and heart chambers found after death and due to the rheumatism and not to the chorea.

(3) Choreic endocarditis, therefore, is not accurately described as a manifestation of rheumatism. Both chorea and rheumatism are liable to this inflammation, each after its own manner. The common feature may be taken as evidence that the two affections are pathologically allied, not that either of them is a form or expression of the other.

C

(4) The fact of this alliance is best seen by the observation of chorea in very early life, at which period it is often intimately associated with rheumatic polyarthritis in the same subject and at the same time. But with growth, in obedience to the natural history of the two affections respectively, and influenced by the several actions of life, this association is relaxed, and at puberty it has ceased to be intimate.

(5) Both chorea and rheumatism are, it is probable, members of a pathological group which has arthritis for a common factor, and of whose underlying source we are yet in search.

THE HEALTH OF THE AMERICAN GIRL.

In a recent newspaper article, Dr. Louise Fiske Bryson stated that the reign of ignorance and superstition was deplored by those who ought to know better. Because the American girl learned the modern alphabet, her doom was supposed to be sealed. It was feared that man in America would shortly be without a fitting mate and life cease to be delicious. The question of any physical deterioration in the American girl was quickly settled by an appeal to trade, to dollars and cents. The venders of ready-made garments stated that small women, who had formerly found a perfect fit in styles manufactured for girls of sixteen, were now wearing fourteen-year-old sizes. Naturally these women had not decreased in height and weight, but the American girl was larger. Sense and hygiene in the home during the past twenty-five years had had marked results. The maiden of to-day was the outcome of this improved and nobler way of living. Tears might be shed for medical sins, negligences, and offenses, but not for the American girl, who was likely to hold her own for some time to come.

THE DOCTOR'S EARNINGS.

ACCORDING to Dr. Jarvis' tables, the average of the lives of physicians is fifty-six years. If you begin practice at twenty-four, your active life prospect will be thirty-two years, and from a thousand to fifteen hundred dollars will represent your average yearly income. Now, were you (through God's mercy) to practice these thirty-two years without losing a single day, and collect (say) eight dollars every day of the time, you would receive but $93,440. Deduct from that amount your expenses for yourself and your family, your horses, carriages, books, periodicals, and instruments; your taxes, insurance, and a multitude of other items for the whole thirty-two years (eleven thousand six hundred and eighty days), and then, so far from being rich-you would have but little, very little, left to support you after you naturally reach the downhill of life, or are broken down in health, and faculties deteriorated, and in need of a physician yourself, through worry, anxiety, and fatigue, in the discharge of your duty.-Kansas Medical Journal.

THE CHINESE TREATMENT OF HYDROPHOBIA.

A CHINESE journal, referring to the dangers of hydrophobia, points out that the European doctors have not yet discovered an effective treatment for this disease. In order to determine whether the disease is really hydrophobia, the following method is recommended by a Chinese contemporary for this purpose:

Get a gong or any large brass utensil and strike it before the patient. If he is suffering from hydrophobia he will at once show signs of madness, then fan him with a large palm-leaf fan, and he will crouch down as if in great fear. When the presence of the disease is thus ascertained, the next step that should be taken a most important one- is to search the hair of the patient. There will certainly be found one hair of the color of vermilion, and rather stronger and coarser than ordinary hair. This particular hair should be entirely pulled out; not even the smallest part of the root must be left, otherwise the disease cannot be cured. When this has been done, a prescription must be prepared, and the drugs used should be of such a nature as will expel the poison from the place in which it is.-British Medical Journal.

MORTALITY ACCORDING TO OCCUPATION.

AT the recent Congress of Hygiene and Demography, says the Medical News, Mr. Ogle presented statistics as to the comparative mortality among those between twenty-five and sixty-five years old engaged in various occupations in England. The death-rate among clergymen being the least, this was taken as a standard of comparison. The following presents the comparative mortality: Clergymen, 100; gardeners, 108; farmers, 114; husbandmen, 126; papermakers, 129; grocers, 139; fishermen, 143; cabinetmakers, 148; lawyers, 152; brushmakers, 152; mechanics, 155; tradesmen, 158; woolen-drapers, 159; shoemakers, 166; commercial travelers, 171; bakers, 172; millers, 172; upholsterers, 173; masons, 174; smiths, 175; laborers, 185; wool-workers, 186; armorers, 186; tailors, 189; hatters, 192; printers, 193; cotton-workers, 196; clerks, 199; physicians, 202; quarrymen, 202; bookbinders, 210; butchers, 211; glassmakers, 214; plumbers, painters, etc, 216; cutlers, 229; brewers, 245; omnibus-drivers, 267; wine-merchants, 274; bass-singers, 300; potters, 314; miners, 331; and hotelwaiters, 397.

tears to the eyes.

THE PHYSIOLOGY OF TEARS.

THIS subject is considered in a bright and interesting paper recently published in the Asclepiad. Fear, grief, and joy, to say nothing of pathos and anger, bring They are said to come from the heart: and this is true, for no one ever reasoned himself into weeping without a first appeal through the imagination to some emotion. Tears are the natural outlet of emotional tension. They are the result of a storm in the central nervous system, giving rise to changes in the vascular terminals of the tear-secreting glands. These changes induce profuse excretion of water, and weeping results. In a mild degree some excretion is always in process, to bathe the eye and clear it of foreign matters. The controlling centre is at a distance, though the secretion may be kept up by the small trace of saline substance that is present in the tears themselves. The lachrymal glands lie between the nervous center and the mucous surface of the eyeball. Tears afford a good illustration of the way in which nervous fibers are capable of conveying to a secreting organ exciting impulses from both sides of a gland lying in their course. Afferent and efferent communications bring about a similar result. Internal nervous vibrations and external excitation or reflex action cause a flow of tears. In both instances the exciting impulse is a vibra