DRUGS THAT LIVE!

Are few in number compared to the enormous increase of claimants for the physician's approval. The active practitioner cannot afford to risk success by leaving the safe harbor of tried and approved remedies, to follow the leadings of every alleged new remedy brought to his notice through "worked up" testimonials, adroitly presented to catch the unwary. “It requires a long and careful study to determine the true value of the old, and still longer to test a new medicine."

GOLDEN

SEAL,

FLUID

The representative American remedy, in all its varied forms, is one of the "drugs that live," and its place in medicine is so firmly established, both in America and Europe, that the physician who does not give it a place in his medicine case fails to fully avail himself of his opportunities to combat disease with the best means at his command.

Was orignated and introduced by The William S. Merrell Chemical Company, and is the one perfect representative of the drug in fluid form. Is what its name implies-the active medicinal principles of the drug in natural combination and in a fluid form.

Has a bright yellow color; perfectly clear; free from sediment; and with an unmistakable odor of the fresh drug.

HYDRASTIS: Is a pure, neutral solution of all the alkaloidal con

MERRELL,

stituents of the drug; rejecting the oil, gum,

irritating and offensive resins; and inert extractive matters.

Is indicated in all affections of the mucous surfaces, correcting abnormal conditions characterized by profuse discharge of tenacious mucous, subacute inflammation, erosions and superficial ulcerations.

FLUID HYDRASTIS

Is used in gonorrhoea, leucorrhoea, ulceration of the cervix uteri and vagina, cystitis, nephritis, stomatitis, dyspepsia, constipation, opthalmi tarsi, conjunctivitis, catarrh of the intestines, painful menstruation, and as a local application to prevent decomposition, as an injection into the bowels in diarrhoea and dysentery, and to correct the offensive character of many mucous discharges.

FORMS A CLEAR SOLUTION WITH ALCOHOL, GLYCERINE, SYRUP, WINE OR WATER. "LABORATORY NOTES" review the Hydrastis subject thoroughly, and consider the associated preparations, "Solution Bismuth and Hydrastia" and "Colorless Hydrastis." Copies are supplied without charge.

THE WM. S. MERRELL CHEMICAL CO..

MANUFACTURING CHEMISTS, CINCINNATI AND NEW YORK. WILLIAMS, DAVIS, BROOKS & CO.. Detroit.

Specify

WHOLESALE AND DISPENSING DRUGGISTS, Everywhere.

"WM. S. M. CHEM. CO."

Please mention THE PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON to advertisers.

AN IDEAL PEPSIN!

PHYSICIANS PRESCRIBE

P., D. & CO.'S

ASEPTIC PEPSIN.

Pepsins as heretofore known have left very much to be desired, most of them indicating by their odor the putrescent mucus and other objectionable constituents which must necessarily prove irritating, especially to the delicate stomach of an infant, invalid or dyspeptic.

We now supply a new and improved Pepsin Product (ASEPTIC PEPSIN, 1 to 4000, P., D. & Co.'s), in the full confidence that it will at once recommend itself to the favorable attention of the Medical Profession.

It is twice as active as any other pepsin now on the market, and by the process of manufacture which we pursue, is deprived of all septic constituents. This process renders it very palatable so that the most fastidious palate could not possibly object to its taste.

Samples and literature will gladly be supplied upon application.

MANUFACTURED ONLY BY

PARKE, DAVIS & COMPANY,

DETROIT, NEW YORK AND KANSAS CITY.

Please mention THE PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON to advertisers.

REFERENCES.

BOOKS AND PAMPHLETS.

'Tobacco, Insanity and Nervousness." By L. Bremer, M. D., Saint Louis. "Eighteenth Report of the Superintendent of the Cincinnati Sanitarium.

1891."

"Insanity as Related to Civilization." By Orpheus Everts, M. D., Cincinnati sanitarium.

"Aphasia due to Sub-dural Hæmorrhage without External Signs of Injury; Operation, Recovery." By L. Bremer, M. D., and N. B. Carson, M. D., Saint Louis. Reprinted from American Journal of Medical Sciences.

MEDICAL PROGRESS.

MEDICINE.

THE MIGRAINOUS STATE.

CHARLES FERE (Rev. de Med.) likens the condition in which subintrant attacks of migraine are followed by stupor to the epileptic state. He relates the following case. A man, aged forty-three, first had, when eighteen years of age, ordinary attacks of migraine, recurring twice a month. Two or three years later homonymous hemianopsia was noted during the attack and for the quarter of an hour preceding it. In addition to the visual troubles there were sometimes noises in the left ear, and abnormal olfactory and gustatory sensations. Further, there were motor symptoms, namely, paralysis of the left face with difficult. articulation of the left arm, and more rarely of the whole of the left side. These symptoms lasted for one to two hours and then disappeared slowly. On two occasions there was spasm of the face. These attacks, varying in character, were repeated twice a month for eighteen years. In July, 1888, one attack was quickly followed by another, and then by stupor for nine hours, and this condition of attacks and stupor lasted for three days. The seizures then resumed their wonted frequency. In February, 1889, there was a similar succession of attacks, and in July a single paroxysm was accompanied by complete motor aphasia. A little later there was a further series of attacks resembling those above mentioned. He was then treated with large doses of potassic bromide up to eight grains a day, and for four months he was free from migraine. There was no evidence of general paralysis, hysteria, diabetes, or arterio-sclerosis. Sensory and motor paralysis accompanying ophthalmic migraine may become permanent owing to the obliteration of the arteries involved in the spasm. The patients in whom this permanency occurs are mostly over fifty, and the author says this would appear to depend on the anatomical condition of the vessels. The urgency of treatment is the greater according to the age of the patient.British Medical Journal.

DYSPNEA AFTER TEA-DRINKING.

MR. JONATHAN HUTCHINSON, in the January issue of the Archives of Surgery, describes a case of alarming attacks of dyspnoea that were probably due to teadrinking. The patient was a rather delicate man, of nervous temperament, and there was a suspicion of gouty heredity. The attacks occurred after breakfast, at which he drank tea freely, the meal being brought to him while he was yet in bed. During the attacks he had a corpse-like pallor, and seemed quite unable to take a respiration, on account of a pain like that of angina pectoris caused by the effort. The pain was referred to the epigastrium and lower part of the chest, rather than to the shoulder. Inspiration was accompanied with the greatest pain. The pulse was feeble during the time of the attack, and the patient could speak only in a whisper. The duration of the attacks was about an hour. An injection of morphine terminated the seizure quite promptly on two or more occasions. A careful thoracic examination, made by Dr. Gowers, resulted for the most part, negatively. At any rate, no organic affection was discovered that could explain the difficulty. The man was not a user of tobacco, but would imbibe tea freely, and this was sometimes followed by flatulence and a feeling of distention of the stomach. An over-indulgence in tea, especially with little or no food taken at the same time, will in some persons produce a sense of constriction behind the sternum, with some feeling of dyspnoea. In the case of a medical man who partook of tea of unaccustomed strength, and without eating any food, a distressing attack of dyspnoea occurred which lasted over thirty minutes. The recurrence of somewhat similar attacks having followed other indiscretions of tea-drinking on subsequent occasions, the mind of that physician became strongly impressed with the agency of strong tea in causing such attacks; so much so that for a long time he never ventured to drink tea except in his own home, where he knew its strength and quality. Mr. Hutchinson states that the painful attacks of the patient first above referred to bring to mind very distinctly those from which John Hunter suffered, and which he himself so graphically described.-New York Medical Journal.

SURGERY.

ON THE POWERS OF ABSORPTION OF THE MUCOUS MEMBRANE OF THE URINARY BLADDER IN HEALTH.

THE investigation of the question as to the powers of absorption of the mucous membrane of the urinary bladder when in health, has brought forward during several decades such contradicting results, notwithstanding numerous experiments and many chemical observations, that it is but right to say, that there are as yet no positive and tenable conclusions, to be deduced from them.

All the experiments in reference to the question have hitherto been made, either with drugs introduced into the bladder, or with the normal ingredients of the urine itself.

Orfila, the two Segalas, Berard, Kaupp, Demarquay, Longet, Hicks, Paul Bert, Brown-Sequard, Gubler and Treskin, have made observations, both, on patients and also have performed experiments on dogs, and found that there

was clear evidence of absorbing power in the capillaries of the urinary organ in reference to drugs, also that slight endosmotic absorption took place of the normal components of the urine, especially of urea.

But these presumably positive data, have lost much of their force, in consequence of the published results of the following specialists.

Civiale denies in his "Traite des maladies des voies urinaires," all power of absorption by the bladder. Moreover, the clinical observations of Kuss in Strassbourg, of Sir Henry Thompson, the physiological experiments of Alling in Paul Bert's laboratory, of Susini, and lastly of Paul Cazeneuve and Charles Livon, have produced negative results only; although these experiments have been conducted with the greatest accuracy and conscientiousness, especially by Susini, partly on animals and partly on the experimenters themselves.

The reason of this non-absorbing quality of the organ, according to Susini, Cazeneuve and Livon, is to be ascribed to the peculiar quality of the epithelium of the bladder. In the opinion of these authors the epithelium of the bladder in health, is endowed with absolute impermeability, forming a regular barrier to all absorption of either medicinal substances or of the component parts of urine. It is only in consequence of traumatic or other inflammatory lesions that the epithelium loses its normal quality, and so becomes unable to withstand the absorptive process.

According to Susini's experiments, the impermeability of this epithelium continues for several hours even after the death of the animals.

Cazeneuve and Livon found moreover, that if absorption of the mucous membrane has been established the same is carried on much more rapidly when the bladder is dilated than when in a state of contraction.

But in what manner these phenomena are to be explained, whether it was owing to the shifting of the epithelial layers, or whether it depended on an actual loss of continuity of the same, not one of these observers has ventured to say.

All the results therefore of the numerous experiments on both sides are still without any definite conclusion. It is evident, therefore, that the question, so important both in a physiological as in a pathological point of view, requires further elucidations in order to arrive at a final conclusion.

With the view of further elucidating this subject, I have undertaken certain experiments during the last winter, and have performed them in the physiological laboratory at Leipzic.

To enable a more fundamental investigation of this important question, I determined to base my experiments not only on chemical researches alone, by examining analytically the absorbed substances, but also by keeping the histological basis as well in view. With this object I have examined microscopically the condition of the epithelium of the dilated and of the contracted urinary bladder in a great number of cases.

In consequence of their exquisite diffusive quality I have used solutions of urea and of common salt as an injection in dogs, whose ureters had been extirpated by Professor Ludwig; but these labors of testing the absorption of the natural ingredients of the urine have not as yet been completed.

The experiments of Susini consisted in injecting a warm solution of one-half per cent. of iodide of potassium in his own bladder. These I have repeated on