ing "fly proof." It may be sown with advantage on north lying land where it may be sown with safety early enough to balance the loss of growth in vegetation by early cold, thereby less liable to be frozen out in winter. More injury from rust, for the last 20 years, than all other diseases together, except bad culture. One plowing is better than two if sufficiently pulverized, after plowing, by a three horse harrow, cultivators, &c. 3. Corn. The average crop is probably about 45 bush. to the acre; 134 is o: r highest yield. The present crop is fully an average one. White and yellow are both cultivated. White yields most per The best mode of culture is deep and thorough plowing, thorough harrowing with three horse harrow, with teeth very sharp; after the corn is up, keep the cultivators at work. Rust on them is acre. as bad as rust on wheat. to each section of land. The amount grown is probably 1600 bush. 4. Oats. The average yield is 35 to 40 bush, per acre. The present crop is an average one; it will lose something in weight from the heat of the season at filling. 5. Rye and Barley.-Very little grown. Wheat, corn and oats, make a cheaper food for stock than rye or barley. We are too much of temperance men to grow barley for beer. 6. Grass and Hay-Timothy and clover are most used for hay and pasture. Timothy is most profitable for hay, but clover is the best improver of soil. They may be mixed for pasture, but should not be for hay, as they do not ripen at the same time. Timothy, 2 tons per acre, clover 1; value $4 per ton. 7. Root Crops.-No crop varies more in yield than potatoes. The difference may be from 40 to 400 bush. per acre. We know of no adequate remedy for the rot. Our present crop has been much less injured than last year's. Early planting, early digging; spread them on an airy floor and cover them with straw, frequently removing the diseased ones, and packing in small quantities for winter, is perhaps the best preventive from loss by rot. The long red variety is the most profitable for hogs-persons like something better. We raise but very limited quantities of other root crops for stock. Sugar beets have gone out of fashion. 8. Fruit. We have as good fruit as any county in the State, and pay much attention to its improvement. It is an article of export both in a green and dry state. No data by which to ascertain the amount. 9 Seeds. Considerable quantities of clover and timothy seeds. are grown for sale. Clover yields from one to three bush. per acre. Timothy from three to four. The growth of flax is almost unknown. 11. Dairy Products.-About 35,000 lbs. of butter are exported; but more cheese is imported than exported. Premiums offered by our Agricultural Society brought out fine samples of butter. Some attention is paid to the improvement of cattle; more would pay well. 12. Sheep and Wool,-About 300,000 lbs. of wool are produced; We challenge comparison with any county in the State. Much attention is paid to the improvement of flocks. Saxony and Merino are preferred. Both varieties are esteemed for fineness of fibre and length of staple. Saxony wool is said to be more easily cleansed. 13. Pork. The value of our pork, may be put, at present prices $75,000. Hog stock has been improved. 14. Beef. Very few beef cattle raised in the county for export. Farmers are very wide awake to their interest, and are improving their stock. They are introducing imported breeds. 15. Horses and Mules.-Have no means of ascertaining the number annually produced in the county, and have some doubts whether our stock has been much improved by importations. Not more than three mules in the county; they are not fashionable. 17. Other Improvements.-Much attention is paid to the improvement of soils. Nature has drained our lands on a grand and magnificent scale. We do not need artificial drains. KNOX COUNTY. (BY T. T. TRESS, SEC'Y.) 1. Principal Crops-Wheat, corn, oats, rye, buckwheat, potatoes, clover seed, timothy seed, flax seed, and barley. 2. Wheat-The wheat crop of the present year was greatly injured by the rust, and to some extent by the red weevil or midge. On the whole, probably less than half an average crop was realized. The White, Blue Stem, Mediterranean, and Lancaster White succeeded best. 3. Corn.-Average yield, 40 bushels per acre; variety, amalgamation of gourd seed and yellow flint-cultivator and plow used. 4. Oats-Usual average yield per acre, 40 bushels; this year, 20 bushels. Different varieties, principally the small. 5. Rye and Barley But little raised. 6. Grass and Hay-Timothy and clover; average yield, two tons per acre. 7. Root Crops-Average yield per acre, of potatoes, 200 bushels. Pink eye and Nova Scotia, most approved. 8. Fruit-Medium. 9. Seeds-We have no means of ascertaining the amount. Clover seed averages two bushels per acre-worth $3 per bushel. Flax seed 10 bushels per acre-worth 75 cents per bushel. Timothy seed, worth $1 50. 11. Dairy Products.--Operations by farmers, on a small scale; no means of ascertaining the amount. 12. Sheep and Wool.-Amount of wool estimated at 255,000 lbs.; one half of which is first and second quality Merino-the remainder, common and mixed; value, $63,750. 13. Pork.-Product, 24,657 barrels; value, $61,642. 14. Beef No means of ascertaining the number of beef cattlevalue, at three years old, $16. 15. Horses and Mules.-Number of horses exported, supposed to be 250-average value $75. Heavy draught horses preferred. 16. Implements.-Hussey's and McCormick's reapers have been introduced the past season, and give satisfaction. Pennock's and Palmer's wheat drills also introduced with success, as far as tried. 19. Mills, &c.-About forty-five flouring mills, 67 saw mills, 10 woolen factories, 3 oil mills, 3 iron foundries, 4 distilleries, and 3 potteries. Report of the President and Secretary of the Knox county Agricultural Society. This society was organized on the 14th day of April last, by the adoption of a constitution, in accordance with the rules of the State Board of Agriculture, and which was subscribed at the time by more than thirty members. The society now numbers more than one hundred and fifty members, of whom one hundred and forty-two have paid their fee for membership. The board of managers met on the 8th day of June, and adopted a tariff of premiums, a copy of which, marked B., is annexed and made a part of this report. They appointed Oct. 23d and 24th as the time for holding the annual fair. The annexed paper, marked C., contains the reports of awarding committees, the names of the successful competitors, and the mode of tillage, &c., and which is made a part of this report. The aggregate amount awarded for premiums at the annual exhibition, was $135 00, and there is yet due for premiums awarded and not called for, about $40. The wheat crop the present year was greatly injured by rust, and to some extent, by the red weevil or midge; on the whole, probably less than half an average crop was realized. The White Blue Stem, Mediterranean, and Lancaster White succeeded best. Our crops of corn are better, and our crops of oats and hay are lighter than usual; the two latter suffered from drought in the month of June-but little if any rain fell during that month. Potatoes are better than we have had for the past three years, but not equal to former years. The rot still remains in some locations, while it has almost disappeared in others. 66 'The cause and the reme dy" are equally unknown to us. Barley, hemp and flax are but little cultivated. The same may be said of the root crops in general. The crops of tobacco have continued to diminish until but little is raised in the county. The low price of the article does not justify the exhaustion of the soil incident upon its culture. There is at present a laudable spirit awakened, and efforts making in our county to improve the different kinds of stock, but more especially cattle and sheep. As early as 1826 or 1827 there were brought into the south part of our county, some Devonshire cattle, purchased of Mr. Thomas McGiffin, of Washington co.. Pa. From this importation, considerable improvement was made in that part of the county. At a later period, say in 1836 or '37, Gen. Morrison imported from Ireland a number of Durhams; soon after, Bryan Leonard, Esq., of our county, procured also, a lot of Durhams from one of the Mr. Renicks, of the Scioto Valley. These cattle were the produce of the Ohio Company's purchase. From these, and other efforts to improve our stock, considerable improvement has been made, and the foundagion laid for much more, which with the spirit now manifested will, in our opinion, in a few years prove of great benefit to those engaged in this branch of business, and add much to the wealth of our county. In the article of sheep, we are making rapid improvement, not only in numbers, but also in the quality of fleece. Our stocks of fine wooled sheep are mostly the descendents of the flocks of the Messrs. Wells & Dickenson, formerly of Steubenville, and attempts are now being madeto improve the quality by crossing with late importations of Merinos and Saxons from highly improved flocks brought from Vermont and other States. And judging from what has been done during the last four years. we may with confidence anticipate that at the end of the next four years, Knox county will stand side by side in this business with the most favored county in the State. Of horses and hogs we will only say that we are gaining in improvement. Our Agricultural Society, as already stated, was organized in April last, and held its first fair in October. It was very numerously attended by the farmers, merchants and professional gentlemen of our county; the crowd was immense, every body seemed to be in attendance. The show of horses, cattle, and sheep, exceeded our most sanguine expectations. In the department of domestic manufactures, the exhibition was highly creditable, being graced and much heightened in interest by a handsome attendance of the fair manufacturers, the yard of the Episcopal Church being liberally adorned with ladies, while the fences and the basement of the building were literally strewed with beautiful specimens of their handiwork. This part of the fair was exceedingly gratifying, and seemed a source of pride and pleasure to all, exhibiting as it did, useful enterprise, taste and skill, and eliciting a very commendable interest. All of which is respectfully submitted. THOS. T. TRESS, Secretary. WM. BONAR, President. Report of the Committee on Farms. The undersigned Committee on Farms, appointed by the Knox county Agricultural Society, in discharge of the duty imposed upon them, respectfully submit the following Report: Having been called by several members of the society to examine farms of the several classes and dimensions authorized by the Society, as well as the different modes of culture adopted by each, and the manner of stocking them, they were highly gratified to find not only a spirit of inquiry diffusing inself among our highly respectable agricultural community, as to the most approved system of tilling the soil, but in many instances a scientific developement of their favorite pursuits, in the excellent arrangement and sub-division of their cultivated lands into fields of convenient size, and the high state of cultivation they exhibit to the observer. The first farm of magnitude to which your committee would refer, is that belonging to William Bonar, Esq., containing about one hun |