Cherokees, and part of the Miamis, and about eight miles from this place the town of Big Cat-this town the last on the river."

On the 1st of August, while waiting the arrival of deputies from western tribes, Hendricks says: "At this time I went up to Big Cat's town with my brother; arrived there in the evening; went to the house of Pohquonnoppet, the Sachem-the Delawares having left word that we should give them notice of my coming. Early in the morning of the 2d instant, my uncle sent a runner to inform the chiefs that we were arrived, and will meet them in council. My business was to comfort Big Cat for the death of his brother, who died last spring. He was the chief Sachem of the Delawares; also, Pukonchehluh for the death of his son." After an expression of condolence, Hendricks mentions that the "Head Heroe, whose name is Puckonchehluh, got up with the strings and belt," and made a suitable response. He alludes to him afterwards as "the great heroe." On the 28th of August, "Wunummon, or Vermillion, a Heroe" (probably Wingemund), appears on the stage, and although the Delaware chiefs seemed pacific in their dispositions, yet the outside pressure was too great for the Mohican envoy to accomplish any thing. McKee was active-an " alarming voice" from the Shawanese villages near the Ohio, announced new aggressions by the Long Knives-Simon Girty made his ill-omened appearance on the 29th, and finally there arrived some messengers from the wily Brant, to turn the scale against the Americans. The peace party went with the tide, “the head warrior, Puckonchehluh, in response to the message of the Five Nations, admitting that the Indians, who were one color, had one heart and one head, and that if one nation was struck all must feel it." Captain Hendricks was wholly unsuccessful, although, as he says, "endeavoring to do his best in the business of peace."

Drake, in his "Book of the Indians," thus notices an act of magnanimity by Bockengehelas in the following year, 1792: "Col. Hardin, Major Trueman, and several others, were sent, in May of that year, by Washington, with a flag of truce, to the Indian nations of the west, particularly the Maumee towns. They having arrived near the Indian town of Au Glaize, on the south-west branch of the Miami of the Lake, fell in with some Indians, who treated them well at first, and made many professions of friendship, but in the end took advantage of them, while off their guard, and murdered nearly all of them. The interpreter made his escape, after some time, and gave an account of the transaction. His name was William Smalley, and he had been some time before with the Indians, and had learned their manners and customs, which gave him some advantage in being able to save himself. He was at first conducted to Au Glaize, and soon after to 'Bukungahela, king of the Delawares,' by his captors. The chief told those that committed the murder, "he was very sorry they had killed the men; that instead of so doing, they should have brought them to the

Indian towns, and then, if what they had to say had not been liked, it would have been time enough to have killed them then. Nothing, he said, 'could justify them for putting them to death, as there was no chance for them to escape.' The truth was, they killed them to plunder their effects. Buckongahelas took Smally into his cabin and showed him great kindness; told him to stay there while he could go safely to his former Indian friends. (He having been adopted into an Indian family in place of one who had been killed in his former captivity.) While here with Buckongahelas, which was near a month, M. Smally said the chief would not permit him to go abroad alone, for fear, he said, that the young Indians would kill him."

Judge Burnet, in his Notes on the North-west Territory, page 68, gives a spirited description of a visit to "the venerable old Delaware chief, Bukongehelas, who was living at the Ottawa town, on the Auglaize," during which an Indian game of ball was ordered for the amusement of the white guests. At the celebrated treaty of Greenville, August 3, 1795, “Bukongehelas, a Delaware chief," in his speech immediately before the council closed, remarked, proudly: "All who know me, know me to be a man and a warrior; and I now declare, that I will, for the future, be as strong and steady a friend to the United States as I have heretofore been an active enemy." An incident of the war then closed, with some further particulars of this remarkable character, are copied from Thatcher's Indian Biography, vol. ii. p. 177-9, as follows:

"He (Buckongahelas) was indeed the most distinguished warrior in the Indian confederacy, and as it was the British interest which had induced the Indians to commence, as well as to continue the war, Buckongahelas relied on their support and protection. This support had been given, so far as relates to provisions, arms, and ammunition; and in the celebrated engagement, on the 20th of August, 1794, which resulted in a complete victory by General Wayne over the combined hostile tribes, there were said to be two companies of British militia from Detroit on the side of the Indians. But the gates of Fort Mimms being shut against the retreating and wounded Indians, after the battle, opened the eyes of Buckongahelas, and he determined upon an immediate peace with the United States, and a total abandonment of the British. He assembled his tribe and embarked them in canoes, with the design of proceeding up the river, and sending a flag of truce to Fort Wayne. Upon approaching the British fort, he was requested to land, and he did so: 'What have you to say to me?' said he, addressing the officer of the day. It was replied, that the commanding officer wished to speak with him. Then he may come here,' was the reply. He will not do that,' said the officer, and you will not be suffered to pass the fort if you do not comply.' 'What shall prevent me?' said the intrepid chief. 'These,' said the officer, pointing to the cannon of the fort. 'I fear not

your cannon,' replied the chief.

After suffering the Americans to defile your spring, without daring to fire on them, you cannot expect to frighten Buckongahelas; and he ordered the canoes to push off, and passed the

fort.

"Never after this would he, like the other chiefs, visit the British, or receive presents from them. 'Had the great Buckingehelos lived,' says Mr. Dawson, alluding to these circumstances, 'he would not have suffered the schemes projected by the prophet (brother of Tecumseh) to be matured.' And the same writer states, that on his death-bed he earnestly advised his tribe to rely on the friendship of the United States, and desert the cause of the British. This was in 1804.

"In Dawson's Memoirs of Harrison, Buckongahelas is mentioned as being present at a council of the chiefs of various tribes, called at Fort Wayne in 1803, for the purpose of ratifying a negotiation for land, already proposed in a former one which met at Vincennes. The Governor carried his point, chiefly by the aid of an influential Miami chief, and by being 'boldly seconded in every proposition by the Pottawatamies, who (as Mr. Dawson states), were entirely devoted to the Governor.' It is not our intention here to iscuss at length the character of this transaction, which rather belongs to the general history of the period. How the Delaware chief and the Shawanees understood it, and how they expressed their sentiments, may be inferred from the following statement of Dawson :

"When the transaction at the council of Vincennes was mentioned, it called forth all the wrath of the Delawares and the Shawanese. The respected Buckingehelos so far forgot himself that he interrupted the Governor, and declared with vehemence, that nothing that was done at Vincennes was binding upon the Indians; that the land which was there decided to be the property of the United States, belonged to the Delawares; and that he had then with him a chief who had been present at the transfer made by the Piankishaws to the Delawares of all the country between the Ohio and White rivers, more than thirty years before. The Shawanese went still further, and behaved with so much insolence that the Governor was obliged to tell them that they were undutiful and rebellious children, and that he would withdraw his protection from them until they had learnt to behave themselves with more propriety. These chiefs immediately left the council house in a body.'

"Subsequently the Shawanees submitted, though it does not appear that Buckongahelas set them the example: and thus, says the historian, the Governor overcame all opposition, and carried his point.

"It is said of Buckongahelas, that no Christian knight ever was more scrupulous in performing all his engagements. Indeed he had all the qualifications of a great hero-a perfect Indian independence-the indeendence of a noble nature, unperceived to itself, and unaffected to others."

XII.

(Page 459.)

SUBSEQUENT INDIAN TREATIES.

The following signatures of Ohio Indians to subsequent treaties are compiled for the sake of comparison by the curious. To the treaty at Greenville, Aug. 3, 1795, the following names, among many others, are attached: Wyandots.—Tarhe, (or Crane), J. Williams, jr., Tey-yagh-taw, Ha-ro-enyow, (or Half King's son), Te-haaw-to-rens, Aw-me-yee-ray, Staye-tah, Sha-tey-ya-ron-yah, (or Leather Lips), Daugh-shut-tay-ah, Sha-aw-run-the. Shawanese.-Mis-qua-coo-na-caw, (or Red Pole), Cut-the-we-ka-saw, (or Black Hoof), Kay-se-wa-e-se-kah, Wey-tha-pa-mat-tha, Nia-wym-se-ka, Way-the-ah, (or Long Shanks), Wey-a-pier-sen-waw, (or Blue Jacket), Neque-taugh-aw, Hah-goo-see-kaw, (or Captain Reed.)

Delawares.-Teta-boksh-kee, (or Grand Glaise King), Le-man-tan-quis, (or Black King), Wa-bat-thoe, Magh-pi-way, (or Red Feather,) Kik-tha-wenund, (or Anderson), Bu-kon-ge-he-las, Peikee-lund, Welle-baw-kee-lunds, Peikee-tele-mund, (or Thomas Adams), Kish-ko-pe-kund, (or Captain Buffalo), Ame-na-he-han, (or Captain Crow), Que-shawk-sey, (or George Washington), Wey-Win-gins, (or Billy Siscomb), Moses.

Ottawas.-Au-goosh-away, Kee-no-sha-meek, La Malice, Ma-chi-we-tab, Tho-wo-na-wa, Se-cah, Che-go-nicks-ka, (an Ottawa from Sandusky).

Delawares of Sandusky. - Haw-kin-pum-is-ka, Pey-a-mawk-sey, Reyntue-co, (of the Six Nations living at Sandusky).

Witnesses.-H. De Butts, first A. D. C., and Secretary to M. G. Wayne, Wm. H. Harrison, Aid-de-Camp to M. G. Wayne, T. Lewis, Aid-de-Camp to M. G. Wayne, James O'Hara, Quarter Master General, John Mills, Major of Infantry and Adjutant General, Caleb Swan, P. M. T. U. S., Geo. Demten, Lieut. Artillery, Vigo, P. fris La Fontaine, Ant. Lasselle, H. Laselle, Jn. Bean Bien, David Jones, Chaplain U. S. L., Lewis Beufait, R. Lachambre, Jas. Pepen, Baties Coutien, P. Navarre.

Sworn Interpreters.-Wm. Wells, Jacques Laselle, M. Morins, Bt. Sans Crainte, Christopher Miller, Robert Wilson, Abraham Williams, Isaac Zane.

June 7, 1803.-Gen. Harrison concluded a treaty defining the extent of the reservation at Vincennes by the treaty of Greenville. Among the Delawares signing it was "Bu-kon-ige-helas" and John Johnston, U. S. Factor, and Hendrick Aupaumet, chief of Muhhecon, were witnesses.

On the 18th of August, 1804, the Delawares ceded a tract of country between the Ohio and Wabash rivers, and below the tract ceded by the treaty

of Fort Wayne and the road leading from Vincennes to the Falls of the Ohio. The Delawares signing it were, Teta Buxika, Bokongehelas, Alimee, or George White Eyes, Hocking Pomskann, Tomaquee, or the Bearer.

The United States recognized the right of the Delawares to the country bounded by the White River on the north, the Ohio on the south, the general boundary line running from the mouth of the Kentucky river on the east, and the tract ceded by the treaty of Fort Wayne on the west and south.

At the treaty of Fort Industry, on the Maumee river (July 4, 1805), relinquishing the title to the Western Reserve, the following Indians participated:

Ottawas.-Nekirk, or Little Otter, Kanachewan, or Eddy, Mechimenduck, or Big Bowl, Aubaway, Ogonse, Sawgamaw, Tusquagan, or McCarty, Tondawgame, or the Dog, Ashawet.

Shawanees.-Weyapurscawaw, or Blue Jacket, Cutheaweasaw, or Black Hoof, Anonaseehla, or Civil Man, Isaac Peters.

Wyandots.—Tarhee, or the Crane, Miere, or Walk in Water, Thateyyanayoh, or Leather Lips, Tschanendah, Tahunehawetee, or Adam Brown, Shawrunthie.

Munsee and Delaware.-Puchconsittond, Paahmelot, Pamoxet, or Armstrong, Pappellelond, or Beaver Hat.

XIII.
(Page 513.)

ORDINANCE OF 1787.

The following important document is transferred from Land Laws of the United States (Edition of 1828), page 356:

An Ordinance for the government of the Territory of the United States Northwest of the river Ohio.

Be it ordained by the United States in Congress Assembled, That the said territory, for the purposes of temporary government, be one district, subject, however, to be divided into two districts, as future circumstances may, in the opinion of Congress, make it expedient.

Be it ordained by the authority aforesaid, That the estates, both of resident and non-resident proprietors in the said territory, dying intestate, shall descend to, and be distributed among, their children, and the descendants of a deceased child, in equal parts; the descendants of a deceased child or grandchild to take the share of their deceased parent in equal parts among them: