(12.) 9870796–8405962 rem.1464834|(27.) 9789658- 4981

(13.) 6058962-5039780 (14.) 3179845-2349007 (15.) 8119764-7209840 (16.) 6008971-5006472 (17.) 8429060-7984597 (18.) 7980065-6400458 (19.) 8402510-7098079 (20.) 4807610-3907009 (21.) 3450789-1458062 (22.) 6479870-5476801 (23.) 1230245-1198760 (24.) 5830796–4804976 (25.) 4201451-3098207 (26.) 3698079-2478090

1019182 (28.) 4259076— 6009 830838 (29.) 4158430- 7409 909924 (30.) 6589421—80091 1002499 (31.) 598040- 3989 444463 (32.) 7009100-79945 1579607 (33.) 6580910-64208 1304431 (34.) 5670959—30098 900601 (35.) 6789765– 1992727 (36.) 4321459-7890 1003069 (37.) 6487071— 8979

999

31485 (38.) 5214861- 8458 1025820 (39.) 3145670-68798 1103244 (40.) 7490910-40094 1219989 (41.) 8456780— 7589

(42.) If you have 2190 bushels of wheat, and 907 bushels of corn, how many more bushels of wheat have you than

corn?

Ans. 1283. (43.) If 54798 bricks are required to build a house, and you have received 29094, how many more are required?

Ans. 25704. (44.) General Washington was born in 1732; how many years from that period to 1847? Ans. 115 years. (45.) How many years since the discovery of America by Columbus, in 1492, to the present time (1847)?

Ans 355 years. (46.) The population of Maryland is 470019; Virginia, 1239797: how many more has Virginia than Maryland?

Ans. 769778. (47.) A. has 7965 dollars-he will pay 3790; B. has 8742 dollars-he will pay 4071: which will have the most money after the payments?

Ans. B. will have 496 dollars more than A. (48.) A. sold two farms for 7492 dollars each; and B. sold one farm for 14984 dollars: which will receive the most money ?

(49.) A merchant purchased goods to the amount of 42692 dollars, but, being damaged, he must lose 1597 dollars on them; for how much must he sell them?

Ans. 41095 dollars. (50.) What is the difference between 7987645 and 47815? (51.) A grocer purchased 127 hogsheads of sugar weighing 106840 pounds, and sold 43 hogsheads weighing 48620

pounds; how many hogsheads has he left, and what is their weight?

Ans. 84 hogsheads; and their weight is 58220 pounds. (52.) The larger of two numbers is 6497, and their difference is 4281; what is the less number? Ans. 2216.

(53.) How much must be added to 947 to make 1691?

Ans. 744. (54.) A man borrowed 1200 dollars and paid 742; how many dollars did he then owe? Ans. 458. (55.) A man has an estate of 25642; if he should give 3640 dollars to each of his two daughters, and the remainder to an only son, how much would the son receive?

Ans. 18362 dollars. (56.) What is the difference between 1000001 and 10009? Ans. 989992.

(57.) From 7070707070 take 909090909.

ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION.

(58.) Add 97, 804, 607, 3414, 7111; then subtract 8409. Ans. 3624.

(59.) Add 6092+7084+49+68+400+97840-50946.

Ans. 60587.

(60.) A clerk went out to collect money: he collected of one man 150 dollars; of another, 124 dollars; of another, 221 dollars; and paid a debt, out of the money collected, of 97 dollars: how much did he have left? Ans. 398 dollars.

(61.) A gentleman wishing to establish his son in business, had deposited in bank 5692 dollars, for which he drew checks as follows: one of 984 dollars, one of 1296 dollars, one of 1421 dollars, and one of 789 dollars; after receiving those four sums, how much would remain in bank?

Ans. 1202 dollars. (62.) Mr. Brown holds a note-of-hand against Mr. White for 2692 dollars; and Mr. White has paid, at one time 794 dollars, at another 681 dollars, at another 459 dollars: now, how much does Mr. White owe Mr. Brown on the note?

Ans. 758 dollars. (63.) From the sum of 6804978, 794604, subtract the sum of 408, 976, 432, 978, 6458, 79642. Ans. 7510688.

(64.) From the sum of 40987642, 789765, subtract the sum of 78094, 760298. Ans. 40939015. (65.) Maine has 501793 inhabitants; New Hampshire, 284574; Vermont, 291948; Massachusetts, 737699: how

many more inhabitants have Vermont and Massachusetts than Maine and New Hampshire? Ans. 243280. (66.) The population of the city of New York is 331642, and that of Philadelphia 263741; required the difference.

Ans. 67901. (67.) If you add 760, 5840, 72, 96, 4127, and then subtract that amount from 59784, how much will remain ?

Ans. 48889. (68.) If you should lend your friend 3 sums of moneythe first, 500 dollars; the second, 642; the third, 489—and he should make two payments, one of 398 dollars, the second 999 dollars, how much does your friend owe you?

Ans. 234 dollars. (69.) A farmer has 3 farms; the 1st contains 640 acres, the 2d 221 acres, the 3d 384 acres; the 1st is worth 18492 dollars, the 2d 7849 dollars, the 3d 11820 dollars: how many acres has he in all, and how much are they worth? if he should sell 629 acres, how many would he have left?

Ans. Number of acres, 1245-629–616 acres left; worth of the 3 farms, 38161 dollars. (70.) 78964215+642790420-4567842+4850976.

MULTIPLICATION.

BY MULTIPLICATION, we can perform a number of additions by a shorter and more easy method; or it is a number repeated a given number of times: for if we multiply 5 by 5, the product is 25, because the 5 is repeated 5 times; so if we add five 5s together, it would be the same, thus: 5+5+5+5+5=25.

2. There are three parts in Multiplication, which require particular attention :—

1. The multiplicand, the number given to be multiplied. 2. The multiplier, the (less) number by which you mui tiply.

3. The product, which is the result, or sum produced by the operation of multiplying, and is just as many times larger than the multiplicand as there are units in the multiplier.

4. The multiplicand and multiplier, together, are called factors.

REVIEW.

1. What is Multiplication? Which is the most convenient to multiply several numbers, or to add them together? 2. How many parts are there in Multiplication? Name them. 1. What is the multiplicand? 2. What is the multiplier? 3. The product? How many times larger is the product than the multiplicand? 4. By what name are multiplier and muliplicand together called? How many terms, or numbers, are given in multiplication? Ans. Two-mul tiplicand and multiplier. How many are required? Ans. Three; by multiplying the two given numbers together, the third is produced, which is the product, called also the answer, to the question. Repeat the table, beginning with 1, to 144, then begin with 144 and repeat it back: the reason of this is evident-it will enable you to multiply with ease and facility; then there will be no occasion for counting fingers, nor straight marks on the slate, which is a very improper practice.

Exercises.

In Multiplication, we use this sign (×), and when written between two or more numbers, it means that they are to be multiplied together; thus 3×3=9; 3×3×3=27; 3x3=9x3=27, &c.

Multiply 2 by 4; 4 by 3; 5 by 3; 3 by 6; 4 by 7; 9 by 4; 8 by 5; 6 by 8; 7 by 9; 6 by 9; 9 by 9; 9 by 8; 10 by 11; 11 by 9; 10 by 4; 11 by 7; 11 by 11; 6 by 11; 5 by 2, by 3; 4 by 6, by 4; 7 by 2, by 6; 4 by 8, by 2; 7 by 2, by 3; 5 by 4, by 6; 8 by 3, by 2; 11 by 4, by 3; 5 by 2, by 5; 4×2×8; 3×2×4; 7×2×5; 4×2×3; 7×4×3; 5x4×3×2..

RULE I.

When the multiplier does not exceed 12.)

1. Write down the multiplicand, and at the right, beginning with units and under the figures of the multiplicand, write the multiplier.

2. Then begin with the units, and multiply all the figures in the multiplicand in succession, and set down their several products, observing to carry one for every ten to the product of the next figure, and set down the whole of the last product.