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95. Let the position be erect, and the body Proverbs. 1. Hope-is a good breakfast, but balanced on the foot upon which you stand: a bad supper. 2. It is right to put every thing to banish all care and anxiety from the mind; its proper use. 3. Open confession-is good for let the forehead be perfectly smooth, the the soul. 4. Pride-must have a fall. 5. The lungs entirely quiescent, and make every ef- lower mill-stone-grinds as well as the upper fort from the abdominal region. To expand one. 6. Venture not all in one vessel. 7. What the thorax and become straight, strike the one ardently desires, he easily believes. 8. YieldPALMS of the hands together before, and the ing-is sometimes the best way of succeeding, backs of them behind, turning the thumbs 9. A man that breaks his word, bids others be upward: do all with a united action of the false to him. 10. Amendment—is repentance. 11. body and mind, the center of exertion being 12. The hand of the diligent-maketh rich. There is nothing useless to a person of sense,

in the small of the back; be in earnest, but husband your breath and strength; breathe often, and be perfectly free, easy, independent, and natural.

Patience and Perseverance. Let any one consider, with attention, the structure of a common engine to raise water. Let him observe the intricacy of the machinery,

96. F has two sounds: first, name and behold in what vast quantities one of

sound: FIFE; off with the scarf from the calf's head; the af-fable buf-foon, faith-ful to its gaffer, lifts his wife's fa-ther from

the cof-fin, and puts in the fret- [F in FIFE.] ful cuf-fy; fear-ful of the effects, the frightful fel-low prof-fers his hand-ker-chief to fire off the dan-druff from the fit-ful fool's of-fensive fowl-ing-piece.

97. If you read and speak slow, and articulate well, you will always be heard with attention; although your delivery, in other respects, may be very faulty: and remember, that it is not necessary to speak very loud, in order to be understood, but very distinctly, and, of course, deliberately. The sweeter, and more musical your voice is, the better, and the farther you may be heard, the more accurate will be your pronunciation, and with the more pleasure and profit will you be listened to.

98. Irregulars, Gh and Ph frequently have this sound; Phil-ip Brough, laugh'd enough at the phantoms of the her-maph-rodite phi-los-o-phy, to make the nymph Saphi-ra have a phthis-i-cal hic-cough; the aph's draught of the proph-e-cy was lith-ograph'd for an eph-a of phos-pho-res-ent naph-tha, and a spher-i-cal trough of tough phys-ic.

ser

Notes. 1. To make this dento-labial aspirate, press the under lip against the upper fore teeth, as seen in the engraving, and blow out the first sound of the word fire! 2. Gh, are silent in drought, burrough, nigh, high, brought, dough, flight, etc.; and Ph and h in phthis-i-cal. 3. The difficulty of applying rules, to the pronunciation of our language, may be illustrated by the two following lines, where ough is pronounced in different ways; as o, uff, off, ow, co, and ock. Though the tough cough and hiccough plough me through, O'er life's dark lough my course I will pursue.

Anecdote. Natural Death. An old man, who had been a close observer all his life, when dangerously sick, was urged by his friends, to take advice of a quack; but objected, saying, "I wish to die a natural death."

The patient mind, by yielding-overcomes.

the heaviest elements is forced out of its course; and then let him reflect how many experiments must have been tried in vain, how many obstacles overcome, before a frame of such wonderful variety in its parts, could have been successfully put together: after which consideration let him pursue his enterprise with hope of success, supporting the spirit of industry, by thinking how much may be done by patience and perseverance.

Varieties. Was the last war with England-justifiable? 2. In every thing you undertake, have some definite object in mind. 3. Persons of either sex-may captivate, by assuming a feigned character; but when the deception is found out, disgrace and unhap piness will be the consequences of the fraud. 4. All truths-are the forms of heavenly loves; and all falsities-are the forms of infernal loves. 5. While we co-operate with Nature, we cannot labor too much for the development and perfection of body and mind; but when we force or contradict her, so far from mending and improving “the it below the brute. 6. How ridiculous some human form divine," we actually degrade people make themselves appear, by giving their opinions for or against a thing, with which they are unacquainted! 7. The law has a right to alter, add, or diminish, one of God is divine and eternal, and no person word: it must speak for itself, and stand by itself.

Who needs a teacher-to admonish him, [mist?
That flesh-is grass? That earthly things-are
What are our joys-but dreams? and what our
But goodly shadows in the summer cloud? [hopes,
There's not a wind that blows, but bears with it
Some rainbow promise. Not a moment flies,
But puts its sickle-in the fields of life,
And mows its thousands, with their joys and

[cares.

Our early days!-How often-back
We turn-on Life's bewildering track,
To where, o'er hill, and valley, plays
The sunlight of our early days!

A monkey, to reform the times,
Resolved to visit foreign climes.

99. He who attempts to make an inroad on the existing state of things, though evidently for the better, will find a few to encourage and assist him, in effecting a useful reform; and many who will treat his honest exertions with resentment and contempt, and cling to their old errors with a fonder pertinacity, the more vigorous is the effort to tear them from their arms. There is more hope of a fool, than of one wise in his own conceit.

Proverbs. 1. A good cause makes a stout heart, and a strong arm. 2. Better ten guilty persons escape, than one innocently suffer. 3. Criminals-are punished, that crime may be prevented. 4. Drunkenness-turns a man out of himself, and leaves a beast in his room. 5. He that goes to church, with an evil intention, goes on the devil's errand. 6. Most things have handles; and a wise man takes hold of the best. 7. Our flatterers-are our most dangerous enemies; yet they are often in our own bosom. 8. Pover

100. The second sound of F, is that ty-makes a man acquainted with strange bed

of V: OF; (never off, nor uv;) there-of here-of, where-of; the only words in our language, in which F, has this sound: a piece of cake, not a piece-ucake, nor a piece-ur-cake.

[F in OF. ]

fellows. 9. Make yourself all honey, and the flies will be sure to devour you. 10. Many talk like philosophers, and live like fools. 11. A stitch in time-saves nine. 12. The idle man's head, is the devil's workshop.

Anecdote, School master and pupil. A school master-asked a boy, one very cold winter morning, what was the Latin-for the word cold: at which the boy hesitated, saying, I have it at my finger's ends.

101. Muscle Breakers. Thou waft'd'st the rickety skiff over the mountain height cliffs, and clearly saw'st the full orb'd moon, in whose silvery and effulgent light, thou reef'd'st the haggled sails of the ship-wrecked vessel, on the rock-bound coast of Kam- Ourselves and Others. That manscat-ka. He was an unamiable, disrespect- deserves the thanks of his country, who conful, incommunicative, disingenuous, formi- nects with his own-the good of others. dable, unmanageable, intolerable and pusi-The philosopher-enlightens the WORLD; lanimous old bachelor. Get the latest the manufacturer-employs the needy; and amended edition of Charles Smith's Thu- the merchant-gratifies the rich, by procucyd-i-des, and study the colonist's best in-ring the varieties of every clime. The mialtho' he may be no burden on society, 102. Irregulars. V has this vocal aspi-yet, thinking only of himself, affords no one rate; also Phin a few words; my vain neph-else-either profit, or pleasure. As it is not ew, Ste-phen Van-de-ver, be-lieves Ve-nus of any one-to have a very large share of a ves-tal vir-gin, who viv-i-fies his shiv-er-happiness, that man will, of course, have the ,ed liv-er, and im-proves his vel-vet voice,

terests.

ser,

so as to speak with viv-id viv-ac-i-ty; the largest portion, who makes himself—a partbrave chev-a-lier be-haves like a vol-a-tilener in the happiness of others. The BENEV con-ser-va-tive, and says, he loves white OLENT—are sharers in every one's joys. wine vin-e-gar with veal vict-uals every warm day in the vo-cal vales of Vu-co-var. 103. FAULTS in articulation, early contracted, are suffered to gain strength by habit, and grow so inveterate by time, as to be almost incurable. Hence, parents should assist their children to pronounce correctly, in their first attempts to speak, instead of permitting them to pronounce in a faulty manner: but soine, so far from endeavoring to correct them, encourage them to go on in their baby talk; thus cultivating a vicious mode of articulation. Has wisdom fled from men; or was she driven away?

Varieties. 1. Ought not the study of our language be made part of our education? 2. He who is slowest in making a promise, is generally the most faithful in performing it. 3. They who are governed by reason, need no other motive than the goodness of a thing, to induce them to practice it. 4. A reading people-will become a thinking people; and then they are capable of becoming a rational and a great people. 5. The happiness of every one-depends more on the state of his own mind, than on any external circumstance; nay, more than all external things put together. 6. There is no one so despicaNotes. 1. This diphthongal sound, is made like that of f, with the addition of a voice sound in the larynx: see engraving. 2ble, but may be able, in some way, and at A modification of this sound, with the upper lip over-lapping the un- some time, to revenge our impositions. 7. der one, and blowing down on the chin, gives a very good imita. Desire-seeks an end: the nature of the detion of the humble-bee. 3. Avoid saying gim me some, for give sire, love and life, may be known by its end. When lowly Merit-feels misfortune's blow, And seeks relief from penury and wo, Hope fills with rapture-every generous heart, To share its treasures, and its hopes impart ; As, rising o'er the sordid lust of gold,

me some; I haint got any, for I have not got any; I don't luff to
go; for, I don't love, (like rather,) to go; you'll haff to do it; for
you will have to do it.

What is a man,
If his chief good and market of his time,
Be but to sleep and feed? A beast, no more.

He, th't made us, with such large discourse,
Looking before, and after, gave us not
That capability-and god-like reason,
To rust in us-unused.

Sure,

It shows the impress-of a heavenly mould!

Whose nature is-so far from doing harm,
That he suspects none.

104. In all schools, one leading object | should be, to teach the science and art of reading and speaking with effect: they ought, indeed, to occupy seven-fold more time than at present. Teachers should strive to improve themselves, as well as their pupils, and feel, that to them are committed the future orators of our country. A first-rate reader is much more useful than a first-rate performer on a piano, or any other artificial instrument. Nor is the voice of song sweeter than the voice of eloquence: there may be eloquent readers, as well as eloquent speakers.

Proverbs. 1. He that seeks trouble, it were a pity he should miss it. 2. Honor and case-are seldom bed-fellows. 3. It is a miserable sight to see a poor man proud, and a rich man avaricious. 4. One cannot fly without wings. 5. The fairest rose at last is withered. 6. The best evidence of a clegyman's usefulness, is the holy lives of his parishoners. 7. We are rarely so unfortunate, or so happy, as we think we are. 8. A friend in need, is a friend indeed. 9. Bought wit is the best, if not bought too dear. 10. Disputationsleave truth in the middle, and the parties at both ends. 11. We must do and live. 12. A diligent pen supplies many thoughts.

Authority and Truth. Who has not observed how much more ready mankind are to bow to the authority of a name, than

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truth?

105. G has three sounds: first, name sound, or that of J, before e, i, and y, generally: GEM; Gen-eral Ghent, of gi-ant ge-nius, suggests that the o-rig-i-nal mag-ic strong and incontestible-the force of reaof the frag-ile gip-sey has gener-a-ted the gen-e-al-o-gy of Geor- [G in GEM.] soning, and the array of facts of an individual, who is unknown to fame, a slavish world gi-um Si-dus; the geor-gics of George Ger--will weigh and measure him by the obscuman are ex-ag-er-a-ted by the pan-e-gyr-ics rity of his name. Integrity, research, sciof the log-i-cal ser-geant; hy-dro-gen, og-y-ence, philosophy, fact, truth, and goodness-gen and ging-seng, ger-min-ate gen-teel gin-are no shield against ridicule, and misrepreger-bread for the o-rig-i-nal ab-o-rig-i-nes of sentation. Now this is exceedingly humiliating to the freed mind, and shows the great 106. It is of the first importance, that the necessity of looking at the truth itself for the reader, speaker and singer be free and unre-evidence of truth. Hence, we are not to bestrained in his manner; so as to avoid using lieve what one says, because he says it, but the chest as much as possible, and also of because we see that it is true: this course is being monotonous in the flow of his words: well calculated to make us independent reathus, there will be perfect correspondence-soners, speakers, and writers, and constitute of the feelings, thoughts and actions. Look us, as we were designed to be-FREEMEN, in out upon Nature; all is free, varied, and ex-feeling, thought and act. pressive; such should be our delivery. Nature-abhors monotony, as much as she does

Ge-ne-va.

a vacuum.

Varieties. 1. How long was it, from the discovery of America, in 1492, by Columbus, to the commencement of the Revolutionary 107. Irregulars. J generally has this War, in 1775? 2. Most of our laws would sound. The je-june judge just-ly jeal-ous of Ju-lia's joy, joined her to ju-ba James in never have had an existence, if evil actions June or July; the ju-ry jus-ti-fy the joke, in had not made them necessary. 3. The grand secret-of never failing-in propriety of jerk-ing the jave-lin of Ju-pi-ter from the jol-ly Jes-u-it, and jam-ming it into the jov-deportment, is to have an intention-of ali-al Jew, to the jeop-ar-dy of the jeer-ing jock-ey.

Notes. 1. This triphthongal sound, as are most of the other vocal consonants, is composed of a vocal and aspirate. To make it, compress the teeth, and begin to pronounce the word judge, very loud; and when you have made a sound, e. i. got to the u, stop instantly, and you will perceive the proper sound; or be gin to pronounce the letter g, but put no e to it: see engraving.

2. The three sounds, of which this is composed, are that of the name sound of d, and those of e, and h, combined. 3. Breath as well as voice sounds, may be arrested, or allowed to escape, according to the nature of the sound to be produced.

Anecdote. A pedlar-overtook another of his tribe on the road, and thus accosted him: "Hallo, friend, what do you carry ?" "Rum and Whisky," was the prompt reply. Good," said the other; "you may go ahead; I carry gravestones."

66

The quiet sea,
Th't, like a giant, resting from his toil,
Sleeps in the morning sun.

which is sown here, will be reap'd hereafter. ways doing what is right. 4. Only that,

5. Is there more than one God? 6. The human race is so connected, that the well intentioned efforts of each individual—are never lost; but are propagated to the mass; so that what one-may ardently desire, another

may resolutely endeavor, and a third, or tenth, may actually accomplish. 7. All thought is dependent on the will, or voluntary principle, and takes its quality therefrom: as is the will, such is the thought; for the thought-is the will, in form; and the state of the will-may be known by that form.

Go abroad, upon the paths of Nature, and when
Its voices whisper, and its silent things [all
Are breathing the deep beauty of the world,
Kneel at its simple altar, and the God,
Who hath the living waters-shall be there.

108. Elocution-is not, as some errone- 112: Freedom of Thought. Beware ously suppose, an art of something artificial of pinning your faith to another's sleeve-of in tones, looks and gestures, that may be forming your own opinion entirely on that learned by imitation. The principles teach of another. Strive to attain to a modest indeus to exhibit truth and nature dressed to pendence of mind, and keep clear of leadingadvantage: its objects are, to enable the rea- strings: follow no one, where you cannot der, and speaker, to manifest his thoughts, see the road, in which you are desired to and feelings, in the most pleasing, perspic- walk: otherwise, you will have no confidence uous, and forcible manner, so as to charm the in your own judgment, and will become a affections, enlighten the understanding, and changeling all your days. Remember the leave the deepest, and most permanent im-old adage—“let every tub stand on its own pression, on the mind of the attentive hearer. 109. The second sound of G, is hard, or gutteral, before a, o, u, l, r, and often before e, and i; also, at the end of monosyllables, and sometimes at the end of dissyllables, and their preceding sylla

bles. GAME; a giddy goose [G in GAME.]

bottom!" And, "never be the mere shadow of another."

Proverbs. 1. He dies like a beast, who has done no good while he lived. 2. 'Tis a base thing to betray a man, because he trusted you. 3 Knaves-imagine that nothing can be done without knavery. 4. He is not a wise man, who pays more for a thing than it is worth. 5. Learningis a sceptre to some, and a bauble-to others. 6.

got a ci-gar, and gave it to a gun-grene beg No tyrant can take from you your knowledge. 7. gar: Scrog-gins, of Brob-dig-nag, growls Only that which is honestly got—is true gain. over his green-glass gog-gles, which the big 8. Pride-is as loud a beggar as want; and a ne-gro gath-er-ed from the bog-gy quag-mire; great deal more saucy. 9. That is a bad child, a gid-dy gig-gling girl glides into the grog- that goes like a top; no longer than it is whipge-ry, and gloats over the gru-el in the great ped. 10. It is hard for an empty bag to stand uppig-gin of the rag-ged grand-mother, ex-right. 11. Learn to bear disappointment cheerclaim-ing, dig or beg, the game is gone.

110. Foreigners and natives may derive essential aid from this system of mental and vocal philosophy; enabling them to read and speak the language correctly; which they most certainly ought to do, before they are employed in our schools: for whatever children learn, they should learn correctly. Good teachers are quite as necessary in the primary school, as in the Academy or College: at least, so thought Philip, king of Macedon, when he sent his son Alexander to Aristotle, the great philosopher, to learn his letters: and Alexander says, he owed more to his teacher, than to his father.

111. Irregulars. Gh, in a few words, has this sound: tho', strictly speaking, the h is silent. The ghast-ly bur-gher stood aghast to see the ghost of the ghyll, eat the ghas-tly gher-kins in the ghos-tly burgh. They are silent in-the neigh-bors taught their daughters to plough with de-light, though they caught a fur-lough; &c.

Notes. 1. This vocal sound is made, by pressing the roots of the tongue against the uvula, so as to close the throat, and beginning to say go, without the o; the sound is intercepted lower down than that of first d, and the jaw dropped more; observe also the vocal and aspirate; the sound is finished, however, in this, as in all other instances of making the vocal consonants, by the organs resuming their natural position, either for another effort, or for silence. 2. If practice enables persons with half the usual number of fingers to accomplish whatever manual labor they undertake; think, how much may be done in this art, by those who possess their vocal organs complete, provided they pursue the course here indicated, there is nothing like these vocal gymnastics.

'Tis autumn. Many, and many a fleeting age
Hath faded, since the primal morn of Time;
And silently the slowly journeying years,
All redolent of countless seasons, pass.

fully. 12. Eradicate your prejudices.

Anecdote. A sharp Eye. A witness, during the assizes, at York, in England, after several ineffectual attempts to go on with his story, declared, "he could not proceed in his testimony, if Mr. Brougham did not take his eyes off from him."

Varieties. 1. Which does society the most injury, the robber, the slanderer, or the murderer? 2. In every period of life, our talents may be improved, and our mind expan ded by education. 3. The mind is powerful, reduced to practice. 4. Give not the meats in proportion as it possesses powerful truths, and drinks of a man, to a child; for how should they do it good? 5. A proverb, well applied at the end of a phrase, often makes a very happy conclusion: but beware of using such sentences too often. 6. Extrav agant and misplaced eulogiums-neither honor the one, who bestows them, nor the person, who receives them. 7. Apparent truth-has its use, but genuine truth a greater use and hence, it is the part of wisdom-to seek it.

'Tis midnight's holy hour-and silence now
Is brooding, like a gentle Spirit, o'er

The still and pulseless world. Hark! on the winds
The bell's deep tones are swelling,-'tis the knell
Of the departed year. No funeral train

Is sweeping past,-yet, on the stream, and wood,
With melancholy light, the moonbeams rest,
Like a pale, spotless shroud,-the air is stirred,
As by a mourner's sigh-and on yon cloud,
That floats on still and placidly through heaven,
The Spirits of the Seasons-seem to stand;

Young Spring, bright Summer, Autumn's solemn form,
And Winter, with his aged locks, and breathe,

In mournful cadences, that come abroad

Like the far wind-harp's wild and touching wail,
A melancholy dirge-o'er the dead year---
Gone, from the Earth, forever.

113. These principles of oratory-are well calculated to accustom the mind to the closest investigation and reasoning; thus, affording a better discipline for the scientific, rational, and affectuous faculties of the mind, than even the study of the mathematics: for the whole man is here addressed, and all his mental powers, and all his acquirements, are called into requisition. This system is a fiery ordeal; and those who pass through it, understandingly, and practically, will come out purified as by fire: it solves difficulties, and leads the mind to correct conclusions, respecting what one is to do, and what one is not to do.

114. The third sound of G is that of Zh; which, tho' common to s and z, is derived to this letter from the French; or, perhaps we should say, the words in which G has this sound, are

Proverbs. 1. Impudence, and wit, are vastly different. 2. Keep thy shop, and thy shop will keep thee. 3. Listeners-hear no good of themselves. 4. Make hay while the sun shines. 5. An ounce of discretion is worth a pound of wit. 6. Purposing, without performing, is mere fooling. 7. Quiet persons-are welcome every where. 8. Some have been thought brave, because they were afraid to run away. 9. A liar-is a bravo towards God, and a coward towards men. 10. Without a friend, the world is a wilderness A young man idle, an old man-needy. 12. Resolution, without action, is a slothful folly.

11.

Reading Rooms. Incalculable good might be done to the present and the rising generation, by the establishment, in every, town and village in our country, of Public Reading Rooms, to be supported by voluntary subscription: indeed, it would be wise in town authorities to sustain such instituwhen shall we wake up to a consideration tions of knowledge by direct taxation. Oh! of things above the mere love of money-ma

French words not Anglicised (G in ROUGE.] -or made into English. The pro-te-ge (pro-ta-zha, a person protected, or patronized,) during his bad-e-nage, (bad-e-king. nazh, light or playful discourse,) in the meVarieties. 1. Did Napoleon-do more nag-e-ry, (a place for the collection of wild evil than good-to mankind? 2. A necesanimals, or their collection,) on the mi-rage, sary part of good manners-is a punctual (me-razh, an optical illusion, presenting an observation of time; whether on matters of image of water in sandy deserts,) put rouge, civility, business, or pleasure. 3. It is ab(roozh, red paint for the face,) on the char- surd-to expect that your friends will rege-d'af-fair, (shar-zha-dif-fare, an ambassa-member you, after you have thought proper dor, or minister of secondary rank.)

to forget them, 4. How much pain has bor115. This work informs the pupil, as the rowed trouble cost us. 5. Adversity-has master workman does the apprentice: it the effect of eliciting talents, which, in prosteaches the principles, or rules, and the way perous circumstances, would have lain dorto apply them; and when they are thus ap-mant. 6. When the infidel would persuade plied to practice, he has no more use for them: indeed, its rules and directions serve him the same purpose as the guide-post does the traveler; who, after visiting the place, towards which it directs, has no further need of of it.

116. Irregulars. Soften has this sound. and Z, generally. The az-ure ad-he-sion to the am-bro-sial en-clo-sures is a ro-se-ate treas-ure of vis-ions of pleas-ures; the seizure of the viz-ier's en-thu-si-asm is an inva-sion of the gla-zier's di-vi-sions of the scis-sors; the ho-sier takes the bra-zier's cro-sier with a-bra-sions and cor-ro-sions by ex-po-sure, and treas-ures it up without elis-lons.

Notes. 1. This vocal triphthongal consonant sound may be made, by placing the organs, as if to pronounce sh in show, and adding a voice sound, from the larynx; or, by drawing out the sound of the imaginary word zhure, zh-ure. 2. Analyze these sounds thus; give the first sound of c, keep the teeth still compressed, add the aspirate of h, and then prefix the vocality; or reverse the process. G is silent in-the ma-lign phlegm of the poignant gnat, impregns the en-sign's di-a-phragm, and gnaws into Char-le-magne's se-ragl-io.

Anecdote. A considerate Minister. A very dull clergyman, whose delivery was monotonous and uninteresting to his hearers, putting many of the old folks asleep said to the boys, who were playing in the gallery; "Don't make so much noise there; you will awake your parents below."

For me, my lot-was what I sought; to be,
In life, or death, the fearless,--and the free.

you to abandon the Bible, tell him you will, when he will bring you a better book. 7. When the mind becomes persuaded of the truth of a thing, it receives that thing, and it becomes a part of the person's life what men seek, they find.

:

The spacious firmament—on high,
With all the blue etherial sky,
And spangled heavens, a shining frame,
Their great original proclaim.
Th' unwearied sun-from day to day,
Does his Creator's power display;
And publishes-to ev'ry land,
The work-of an Almighty hand.
Soon as the evening shades prevail,
The moon takes up the wond'rous tale
And, nightly, to the list'ning earth,
Repeats the story of her birth;
Whilst all the stars, that round her burn,
And all the planets in their turn,
Confirm the tidings as they roll,
And spread the truth, from pole to pole.
What, though, in solemn silence, all
Move round the dark terrestrial ball?
What, though no real voice nor sound
Amid these radiant orbs be found?
In reason's ear they all rejoice,
And utter forth a glorious voice,
Forever singing, as they shine,
“The hand that made us—is divine.”

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