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bacco plantations. They are easily killed, however, by throwing upon them hot sand or wood ashes.

Products of Mineral Substances in 1810.-At two mills there are made 2500 pounds of gunpowder, value 1250 dollars. Bar iron. Nails. The petrified shells, before alluded to, afford good lime for building, and the millstones of this state are said to be of a better quality than the French burr.

Products of Vegetable Substances.

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FIT

Linen,

126 distilleries,

1 brewery, Saw-mills,

1,790

545,212 gallons,
1,878 barrels,

1,252,000 feet,

1,790

462,390

11,268 25,040

From the sweet potatoe, (Convolvulus batatas,) a spirituous liquor is distilled, equal in quality to that produced from rye. It affords another more useful product, known by the name of sago, procured from the most tender and farinaceous parts, by maceration and washing. This nutritive substance resembles that obtained from the medullary part of a palm tree of the East Indies, and on this account it has received the The berries of the dwarf and palmetto, when ripe, are agreeable to the taste, and are eaten by the Indians, and by the bears, deer, and turkeys, who discover a great fondness for them. The roots of the China briar, pounded, washed, and reduced to a paste, are baked in the form of cakes, or made into gruel,

same name.

sweetened with honey, and are thus eaten by the Indians. In years of scarcity they eat a small root, called bog potatoe, on account of the low boggy places in which it grows. * The young leaves of the palmetto, or cabbage tree, are dressed with pepper and salt, or fried with butter; and in this last manner they have the taste of artichokes. The live oak (Quercus phellos) of this state is of great value for ship timber. The wood of the long-leaved pine is valuable for dif ferent purposes, being very durable; but it is too heavy for ship-spars.

Products of Animal Substances.

Woollen cloth,

Tanned hides,

5,591 yards, 4,192 dollars.
17,521
70,084

The skins of deer and other animals, dressed and undressed, form a considerable article of trade. The whole amount of manufactures, in 1810, according to the marshal's return, was 2,743,863 dollars, besides doubtful articles, to the amount of 25,040 dollars. The cloth manufactured amounted to 2,041,194 dollars. The inhabitants of the interior now manufacture their own bedding and clothing..

Commerce.-The exports in 1750 were 8897 dollars; 1756, 74,485; 1773, 121,677; 1799, 1,396,759; 1810, 2,424,631. The chief articles of export are live stock, maize, rice, tobacco, indigo, flour, sago, tar, naval stores, canes, leather, deer skins, snake root, myrtle, and bees wax. t

* Western Gazetteer, p. 14,

The exports from Savannah, (the only port of importance,)

The imports consist of foreign merchandise, brought directly from France and England; and also from New York and Philadelphia. The New England states furnish butter, cheese, fish, potatoes, onions, apples, cider, shoes, and New England rum. Between St Mary's and the neighbouring island of Amelia, an active smuggling trade was carried on during the late war. English merchandise was landed there, and afterwards sold as Spanish to the Americans.

Roads.-There are no turnpike roads in this state. The road from Fort Hawkins to Fort Stoddart, through the Indian territory, was completed in 1811. A road was lately carried through, between Georgia and Ten

from the 1st of November 1815 to the 27th of April 1816, were as follows:

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The quantity of cotton exported from Savannah, from the 1st

of October 1815 to the 10th of February 1816, was,

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In 1759 10,000 pounds of raw silk were exported,

nessee, which has reduced the expence of transport. ing goods nearly one half.

Bridges.-There are few bridges worthy of notice. That across the Ogechee river is said to yield a considerable yearly income. At Augusta, a tollbridge, across the Savannah, has been lately erected, above the reach of any rise of the water.

Harbours.-Sunbury, about forty miles south from Savannah, has a safe and convenient harbour. Frederica, on the island of St Simond, in latitude 31° 15′, has a deep channel and safe harbour. St Mary's, on the north bank of St Mary's river, has also a good harbour for vessels drawing seventeen feet water.

Steam-boats have been established on the Savannah river. One, called the Enterprise, made the passage from Savannah to Augusta, with two freight boats dragging, in eight days, and returned with the current in three and a half. The pole boats require fourteen days to ascend the same distance, and from five to seven to descend. Two other steam-boats are now building, by a company, for the purpose of dragging freighted boats to and from Augusta.

There is a light-house at Tybee, and at St Simond's island.

Books relating to the History and Geography of this State.

Hewett's (Rev. ) History of this State, including the Caro

linas.

Hutchins's (Thomas, geographer to the United States)" Historical Narrative and Topographical Description of Louisiana and West Florida," which comprehends a description of the country nown by the name of the Georgia western territory.

Sibbald's (Georges) Notes and Observations on the Pine Lands of Georgia, &c. with a Geographical Sketch of the State. 1801, Augusta, 8vo. pp. 71.

Morse's Geography, article Georgia.

Macall's History of Georgia.

Account of the Designs of the Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia. London.

A New Voyage to Georgia. 8vo, London, 1739.

A New and Accurate Account of the Provinces of South Carolina and Georgia. London, 1733.

Martyn's (Benjamin) Reasons for establishing the Colony of Georgia, &c. 1733, London, 4to, pp. 48.

Tably, (John, D. D.) the Law of Liberty, at the Opening of the Provincial Congress of Georgia, in 8vo. Almon, 1776.

1683. Stokes's (Anthony, barrister at law, his majesty's chiefjustice of Georgia) View of the Constitution of the British Colonies in North America and the West Indies, at the time the Civil War broke out. 1 vol. London, pp. 555.

State of Facts, showing the Right of certain Companies to the Lands lately purchased by them from the State of Georgia, in 8vo, pp. 64, 1795.

Grant and Constitution of the Mississippi Company, published by Grder of the Directors. Augusta, in 8vo, pp. 39, 1795.

Smith's (James Edward) Natural History of the rare Lepidipterous Insects of Georgia, from the Observations of Mr John Abbot, who resided many years in this province. 2 vols. in folio, pp. 208, 1797. With beautiful engravings of the insects, and the trees and plants on which they feed.

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