late. All these institutions are to be supported out of the proceeds of 50,000 acres of land, and L.6000 sterling, in bonds, houses, and town lots in Augusta. Public property, to the amount of 1000 pounds, has been appropriated by the legislature for building and furnishing an academy in each county. About eight or nine years ago an academy was endowed at Lexington, seventeen miles from Athens, by Mr Mason, a native of Ireland.

Humane Institutions.-In the year 1740 the first charitable institution, an orphan house, was founded by Whitefield, the celebrated preacher, near the seashore, at Savannah, on a spot of land granted by the state-trustees for this purpose. In 1749 Lady. Huntingdon purchased a tract of 500 acres, and stocked it with black slaves, for the support of this establishment; and, at her decease, left a large donation for the use of the institution. The poor children placed here were supported, partly by charity, partly by the proceeds of the land cultivated by negroes. The building, constructed of wood, 70 feet by 40, was furnished with an excellent library; but the situation was unhealthy, and the institution did not flourish. About thirty years after its erection the house was consumed by fire, or by lightning, with the library and all the furniture it contained.

Slaves.-The introduction of slaves was at first prohibited by the laws of the colony; but the interests of the planters gradually prevailed over the letter of the law; and, when the colony passed from the hands of the trustees under the royal authority, sl

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The

Sea Island cotton, which grows best near the coast, and on the adjacent islands, yields a greater price in the market than any other kind. The produce of an acre is about 600 pounds in the seed. Cotton is also cultivated on the pine lands, which produce three, four, or five crops without manure. The seed of the indigo plant is sown in April, and the first crop is cut in July, when it has attained the growth of two feet and a half. There are usually three cuttings in the season. mean produce of thirty acres has been estimated at 1300 pounds. The sugar-cane is now cultivated along the coast, and to the distance of 120 miles in the interior. Further north, the frost, which often takes place after several days of considerable warmth, kills the shoots in spring; and the natural fruit, when it approaches maturity, is apt to burst. The shoots are protected from the frost, which sometimes prevails, by covering them with dry grass. It is stated, that the produce of an acre under good cultivation is from 2000 to 4000 pounds of sugar. Rice was introduced about twenty years after the first settlement in 1773, and has been continued till lately, when the pernicious effects of its cultivation on the health of the inhabitants along the borders of the

* Major Butler, on 85 acres, cultivated by 17 hands, produced 140,000 pounds of sugar, and 75 hogsheads of molasses. John M'Queen planted 48 acres in cane, average product 20,000 canes per acre; 5000 canes, the product of one-fourth acre, yielded 600 gallons of juice, which boiled down, made 672 lbs. sugar, and may lose 50 pounds in draining, leaving 622 lbs. or 2488 lbs. of sugar per acre. (Walsh's American Register.)

On tide

Savannah induced them to discontinue it. * lands the produce of an acre is from 1200 to 1500 pounds; on inland plantations, from 600 to 1500 pounds. In some very rainy seasons the seed dies, and the fields are resown, when the water disappears. Cotton, in the low country, is from 100 to 300 pounds, and about the same quantity from green seed, in the middle and upper country. The common produce is from 150 to 200 pounds. In 1815 the price of Sea Island cotton was thirty-three cents a pound; that of the uplands twenty cents. In 1817 the first was at forty-five, the last at twenty-nine. Mr Sibbalds is of opinion, that the lands covered with pine are well adapted to the cultivation of cotton, for three or four

crops.

Maize.-In the middle parts of the state, in strong dry lands, the produce of maize is from thirty to sixty bushels per acre. In the low country, from ten to thirty. Wheat, in the upper country, yields, by good cultivation, from twenty to twenty-five bushels, weighing fifty-five pounds the bushel. The sweet potatoe is much cultivated in the dry plains, and is a very wholesome and nourishing food. Mixed with flour, in the proportion of one to four, it makes bread of an agreeable taste. Of hay the produce, in York district, from two cuttings, is about eighty waggon loads, each weighing 1200 pounds. That of the Palma

* In 1809 a report was made on this subject by a committee of the Georgia Medical Society at Savannah.

Christi, or oil of castor, is from 100 to 150 gallons per acre.

Vines.—It is not doubted, that the vine might be successfully cultivated in the south-western parts of this state. There are many wild grapes in the country, and Madeira vines are known to thrive extremely. The soil and climate are equally adapted for silk, and such is the number of mulberry trees, that this useful substance might certainly be produced in sufficient quantity to supply the whole of the United States. The Benni, or sesamum plant, lately introduced by Mr Milledge, gave ten bushels of seed per acre, which was sold at New York at three dollars per bushel. The arrow root, so useful in dysentery and diseases of the bowels, grows here. Peaches, apples, cherries, pears, plums, quinces, nectarines, strawberries, raspherries, grapes, sweet orange, and almonds, grow without the trouble of culture.

In the maritime districts the rice planters, about the beginning of June, remove towards the shore to the pine barrens, or bogs, where they reside in log huts, till the appearance of frost, visiting their plantations occasionally, and receiving therefrom their supply of provisions. Some planters, who live in this way, have property to the amount of 40,000 or 50,000 dollars, The brown corn skipper butterfly, (Papilio alcyus,). and the corn emperor moth, (Phalana io,) unfold themselves in the crysalis state, in the leaves and ade of the Indian corn. The tobacco hawk moth, Sphinx Carolina,) in the caterpillar state, and the bacco worm moth, are a great nuisance to the to