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prevails among many of them; and, besides the Bibles and newspapers, Salmagundy," the "Olive Branch," and the History of the Late War, are works in great request. They cherish in their hearts a love of liberty, and a strong attachment to their country. They are all good horsemen, and expert at the rifle. Their stockings, clothes, and bedding, and even their candles and shoes, are generally of domestic manufacture. Gaming is not so common as it was, since a law was passed, disqualifying persons convicted of prac tising it from holding any civil or military office for five years, and fining him in fifty dollars besides. Licensed tavern-keepers take an oath not to permit gaming in their houses. The practice of duelling has ceased, since the act passed against it by the assembly, subjecting the parties to outlawry.

Diseases.-The most prevalent are pleurisy and rheumatism. On both sides of the Cumberland mountains, where there is no stagnant water, the inhabitants are remarkably healthy. The author of the Western Gazetteer says, he has travelled extensively through the state, and never saw fifty acres of swampy ground except at the confluence of some of the large rivers. Fevers are almost unknown to the inhabitants, except in the river bottoms of the Cumberland, Tennessee, and Mississippi. Perhaps in no country are diseases so rare, or physicians less employed; children also are remarkably robust and healthy. (P. 328.)

Indians.-The Cherokees and Chickasaws are the

*Palmer's Travels, p. 127, 128.

only Indian tribes who reside within this state. According to their tradition, they are the remains of a once powerful nation, subdued by the Spaniards, against whom they inherit a strong hostility. The towns of the Cherokees are in East Tennessee, those of the Chickasaws to the south of West Tennessee, and their hunting grounds lie between the rivers Mississippi and Tennessee, and south of Duck river. Those of the Cherokees are in the southern parts of the state, to the east of the former.

Civil or Administrative Division of the State of Tennessee, with the Population of each County and Chief Town, in 1810, the year of the last Enumeration.

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History. This country, which formed a part of Carolina, according to the second charter of Charles II. was inhabited by the Cherokee Indians, by whom the first colonists, consisting of above sixty families, in the year 1754, were nearly destroyed. Their settlements were not renewed till 1774, when the Indians, refusing to join the British standard, were attacked and driven towards the Kenhawa. The country then belonged to North Carolina, and delegates, in 1776, were sent from this district to the convention held for the pur

pose of forming a state constitution. In 1789 it was ceded by Carolina to the United States, and in 1796 was received into the federal union, and a constitution formed and ratified by the free inhabitants.

Constitution. The legislative power is vested in a general assembly, consisting of a senate and house of representatives, elected by the freeholders, for the term of two years. Every freeman, twenty-one years of age, who has resided in the state six months preceding the election, is entitled to vote. No person is eligible to a seat in the general assembly, unless he be twenty-one years of age, proprietor of 200 acres of land in the county in which he votes, and has resided three years in the state, and a year in the county, immediately preceding the election. Ministers of the gospel, and persons holding offices under the authority of the United States, cannot be elected members of the general assembly. The number of representatives, to be fixed once in seven years by the legislature, is not to exceed twenty-six, until the number of taxable inhabitants be 40,000, after which they may be increased to forty. The senators are chosen by districts, each containing such a number of taxable inhabitants as shall be entitled to elect not more than three members. The number of senators can never be less than one-third, nor more than one half of the number of representatives. Each house chooses its own officers, and elects its own members, and the doors are kept open during all their sittings. Bills may originate in either house, subject to amendment, alteration, or rejection,

in the other. Impeachments originate with the house of representatives, and are tried by the senate, and the vote of two-thirds of the members of the whole house is necessary to conviction. All civil officers are liable to impeachment for misdemeanour in office. Members cannot be questioned elsewhere for any thing said in the house; and in going to, and returning therefrom, they are privileged from arrest, except in cases of treason or felony. The constitution may be revised, amended, or changed, by the vote of two-thirds of the general assembly, in conjunction with a convention as numerous as this body, and chosen by the electors in the same manner.

The executive power is vested in a governor, who is chosen by the electors, for the term of two years, and is not capable of holding office more than six years out of eight. The candidate must be thirty years of age, proprietor of a freehold estate of 500 acres of land, and a citizen or inhabitant of the state four years immediately preceding his election, unless absent on public business. He is commander-in-chief of the army, navy, and militia, except when called into the actual service of the United States. He has power to grant reprieves and pardons, except in cases of impeachment. In the event of death, resignation, or removal from office, the place is filled ad interim by the speaker of the senate. No person who denies the being of a God, or a future state of rewards and punishments, can hold an office in the civil service.

Judiciary.-The judges are appointed by the legislature during good behaviour; and for misconduct

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