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of January, and this law was repealed. In some hollow trees, afterwards cut down, their bones and hair were found, to the number of forty or fifty, which renders it probable that they died of some epidemic disease, otherwise they would have been found in the fields. In the same season the bilious fever and influenza ravaged the country.

*

The

Fishes.-The rivers are stocked with fish, sturgeon, catfish, buffalo-fish, pike, perch, sun-fish, sucker, and chub. Some of the catfish of the Ohio, of which there are two species or varieties, one of a black, and the other of a yellow colour, have weighed from fifty to ninety pounds. The author of the Western Gazetteer says, that, at the mouth of the Scioto river, he saw one caught which weighed seventy-four pounds. buffalo-fish weighs from five to thirty; sturgeon, from four to forty; perch, from three to twelve; sucker, from one to six; the pike from four to fifteen. The common weight of the shad is two pounds. The softshelled turtle is considered as a great delicacy. A species of mullet, from two to five inches in length, furnishes a substance resembling mother-of-pearl, of which buttons are made.

Civil or Administrative Division of the State of Ohio, with the Population of each County and Chief Town, in 1810, the Year of the late Enumeration.

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The population, in 1816, was estimated at 450,000. The number of white male inhabitants, above twentyone years, was found to be 64,550. The population

In

Be

of this state, in 1791, was, by estimation, 3000. 1800, by the census, 42, 156, in 1810, 230,760. tween the two first dates, it increased at the rate of

30 per per cent. and thus doubled in the short space of three years. Between the two last dates, its progress was 181 per cent. nearly doubling every four years. According to the census of 1810, the proportion of males to females was as follows:

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years of age to the whole white population, was, accord ing to the census of 1810, as 9 to 100. The black population was 1900, or nearly the 120th part of the whole population, being in proportion to the white as 83 to 1000. The Indian population, which is chiefly confined to the north-west corner of the state, amounted, in 1816, to 3086 as follows:

Wyandots, on Sandusky river and its waters,

Shawanes, near the sources of the Laglaise river, and on the upper waters of the Miami of the Ohio; their principal village, Wappagh Konetta, is twenty-seven miles

975

north of Piqua,

840

Delawares, who live on the head waters of Sandusky and

Muskingum,

161

Senecas, who reside between Upper and Lower Sandusky, at and near Seneca town,

450

Senecas, Munseys, and Delawares, on the head waters of the Miami of the Ohio, at and near Lewistown, thirty miles north east of Piqua,

434

Ottawas, who inhabit the southern shores of Lake Erie, about Miami bay, near Fort Meigs, and on the Laglaise river, number not stationary, about

450.

Total, 3086*

In the year 1817, (29th September,) the chiefs of the Wyandots, Delawares, Shawanese, Senecas, Ottawas, Chippawas, and Potawatamies, ceded to the United States all the lands which they claimed within the state of Ohio, amounting to between seven and eight millions of acres, and of an excellent quality. This treaty was signed at the foot of the rapids of the Mia

* Report of the Indian agent, John Johnson, Esq.

mi of Lake Erie, with commissioners appointed by the president of the United States, Governor Macass and General Macarthur, at the close of the revolutionary war. The fighting men of the different tribes inhabiting this country were estimated by Hutchins at 1450.

The remains of the ancient fortifications are numer ous in this state. At Cincinnati there is a circular embankment 800 feet in diameter, thirty at the base, and from three to six high, and several others of smaller dimensions. There are also four mounds, one of which is twenty-seven feet high, and 440 in circumference. On the summit of an elevated hill, two miles below Hamilton, the walls of an ancient fortification, two or three feet high, enclose eighty acres of surface. Near Piqua, in Miami county, there are others of great extent; also near Lebanon, in Warren county. In Highland county, two miles west of Chillicothe, there is a wall of stone from twelve to fifteen feet high, and four or five thick, which encloses upwards of 100 acres. In Washington county there are the remains of very extensive fortifications. Near Piqua, in Miami county, says the author of the Western Gazetteer, there is one on my farm, which encloses about seventeen acres, of a circular form. The walls all round are in part built of stone, carried from the river 600 yards distant. The trees on all these forts are all as large as in the surrounding forests, and hence the conjecture, that the forts are not of less than 400 years standing. I cannot learn that any of them can be found due north of this county. They can be traced south and south-west to the Floridas, (p. 290.) A wall from four to seven feet

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