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Hence any sum in Federal Money may be regarded as a decimal, or mixed number, and may be managed in all respects as such. Federal Money is usually denoted by the character, $, placed before the figures; and in reading it, dollars, cents and mills are the only denominations usually mentioned.

ADDITION OF FEDERAL MONEY.

133. RULE. The same as for the Addition of Decimals (118)

QUESTIONS FOR PRACTICE.

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3. F holds a note against G for one hundred seven dollars and six cents, one against H for forty-nine dollars seventeen cts. and one against K for nine dollars ninety-nine cents; what is the amount of the three? Ans. $166.22,

4. A man bought 24 yards of broadcloth for $15.50, 6 yds. of lutestring for $5.25, 7 yds. of cambric for $5.25, and trimmings to the amount of $4.12; what was the a mount of the purchase?

Ans. $30./2.

MULTIPLICATION OF FEDERAL MONEY. 134. RULE.-The same as for the Multiplication of Decimals.(122)

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6. At 16 cents a pound, what will 18 pounds of butter cost? what will 27 lbs. cost?

7. What is the cost of 126 bushels of rye, at 623 cents a bushel? Ans. $78.75.

8. What cost 87 bushels of oats at 33 cts. per bushel? at 41 cents? at 37 cents? at 25 cents?

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10. What cost 63 yards of calico, at a quarter of a dollar a yard? Ans. $15.75.

11. What cost 1758 pounds. of tea at $1.15 per pound? Ans. $2021.70.

SUBTRACTION OF FEDERAL MONEY.

135. RULE. The same as for the Subtraction of Decimals.(124)

QUESTIONS FOR PRACTICE.

1. A man bought a pair of oxen for $76, and sold them again for $81.75; how much did he gain? Ans. $5.75.

2. Take 1 mill from $100, what remains?

3. I bought 5 yds. of cloth at $5 a yard, and paid six 5 dollar bills; who must receive change, and how much?

4. A man bought 100 lbs. of wool at 33 cents a pound, and sold the whole for $31.494 how much did he lose?

5. A person having $200, lost 2 dimes of it; how much had he left?

6. A person bought 24 yds. of cloth at $1.50 per yard, and paid $26.55, how much remains unpaid? Ans. $9.45,

7. I bought 6 yards of cloth at 76 cents a yard, and gave a 5 dollar bill; how much change must I receive?

8. How much must be added to 83 cents to make it $5?

DIVISION OF FEDERAL MONEY.

136. RULE.-The same as for the Division of Decimals. (128)

QUESTIONS FOR PRACTICE.

1. If 24 lb. of tea cost $7.92 | a bushel, what did each man what is that a pound? pay, and what was each's share of the salt?

Ans. $0.33.

2. If 125 bushels of wheat cost $100.25, what is it a bushel?

3. Six men, in company, buy 27 bush. of salt, at $1.67

Ans. $7.515, and his share 4 bush. 4. If $1268 be divided e qually among 15 men, what will each receive? Ans. $84.5

7. Divide $7 between 9. men,what is each man's share? Ans. $0.7777.

5. A man dies leaving an | $78, how much is that am estate of $35000; the demands acre? against the estate are $1254. 65; the remainder, after deducting a legacy of $3075, is divided equally among his 6 sons; what is each son's share? Ans. $5111.725,

6. If 12 acres of land cost

8.. $how much?

Ans. $0.006.

9. $81928+5=how much?

MISCELLANEOUS QUESTIONS.

1. From 2 take 0.16289. Ans. 1.83711.

2. At 12 cents a pound, what will 87 lb. of butter cost? Ans. $10.874. 3. If a person spend $100 a year, how much is that a day? Ans. $0.273.

4. How much sugar at 12 cents a pound can be bought for $15.50? Ans. 124 lb.

5. A owes B $15.58, and is to pay him in rye at 67 cents a bushel, how much rye will be required to pay the debt?

Ans. 23.25 bu.

6. If buttons be 9 cents a dozen, what are they a piece? Ans. $0.0075,

7. The President of the United States receives $25000 a year; how much is that a day? Ans. $68.493.

8. A man buys a chest of tea weighing 40 lb. for $35; at what price per pound must he sell it to gain $10 on the whole? Ans. $1.125. 9. If 6s. make one dollar, how many dollars in 45s.?

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butter for $23.26, what do I 15. If I sell 169.8 lb. of per pound?

receive $7.50.

Ans $0.136.

136, 137.

FEDERAL MONEY.

REVIEW.

1. How has the foot usually been divided?

2. What are the inconveniences of these divisions?

3. What would be a more convenient division?.

4. How might these divisions be managed?

5. What name is given to numbers, which express parts in this mauner?(114)

6. How are decimals distinguished from integers? What are integers?

7. How would you write 12 feet and 3 tenths?

8. Have figures in decimals a local value? Upon what does it de

pend?

9. What is the law by which they diminish (115)

10. In what does the enunciation of decimals differ from that of whole sumbers?

11. Do ciphers on the right hand of decimals alter their value? What does each additional cipher indicate?(116)

12. What effect have ciphers on the left hand of decimals? Why? 13. What are numbers made up of integers and decimals called?(114 14. From what is the word decimal derived? A. From decimus, (Latin) which signifies tenth.

15. What is the rule for the addition of decimals? Where must the decimal point be placed?

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16. What is the rule for the multiplication of decimals? What the rule for pointing?

17. What effect has multiplication by a decimal? Explain by example and diagram.

18. What is the rule for the subtraction of decimals? For the division of decimals?

19. What is the rule for pointing in each?

20. What is to be done if there are not so many figures in the quotient as the number of decimals required?

21. When the decimal places in the divisor exceed those in the dividend, what is to be done?

22. When there is a remainder after division, how do you proceed?

23. What does a vulgar fraction denote?[129] Explain by example. 24. How then can you change a vulgar fraction to a decimal?

25. What is Federal Money?
26. What is the Table? [p.38.]
27. Which is the unit money?

28. How may the lower denominations be regarded? Explain by example; and also the different methods of reading the same.

29. How then may Federal Money be regarded?

30. How is it denoted?

31. What is the rule for the Addition of Federal Money?-for Multiplication?-for Subtraction?-for Division of Federal Money?

SECTION IV.

COMPOUND, OR COMPLEX, NUMBERS.

137.

Numbers are called Compound or Complex, when they contain units of different kinds, as pounds, shillings, pence and farthings; years, days, hours, minutes and seconds, &c.

1 TABLES OF COMPOUND NUMBERS.

Money.*

1. FEDERAL MONEY. Denoted by $.

10 mills, m. make 1 cent, ct.

66 1 dime, d.

mills 10 cents 1 dimes dolls. eagle.

100

10! 1

1000! 100 10
10000 1000' 100 10

10 cents

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1 dollar, dol.

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1 eagle,
II.

E.

ENGLISH

MONEY.

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TIME.†

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66

1 hour,

hr.

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1 day,

d.

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1 week,

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604800 10089 168

3600

86400 1440 24

1

7 days

365 d. or 365.25 d. or 365 ds. 6 hrs.

1 year, yr. 31557600 525960 8766 2654 52

*The above denominations of Federal Money are authorized by the faws of the United States, but in the transaction of business we seldom hear any of them mentioned but dollars and cents.

A coin is a piece of money stamped, and having a legal value. The coins of the United States are three of gold; the eagle, half-eagle, and quarter-eagle; five of silver, the dollar, half-dollar, quarter-dollar, dime, and half-dime; and two of copper, the cent and half-cent. Of the small foreignoins current in the United States, the most common are the NewEngland four pence half penny, or New-York sixpence, worth 64 cents and the New-England ninepence, or New-York shilling, worth 12 cents. The value of the several denominations of English money is different in different places. A dollar is reckoned at 4s. 6d. in England, 58. in Canada, 68. in New-Englaud, Virginia and Kentucky, 88. in New-York, Ohio and North-Carolina, 75. 6d. in Pennsylvania, New-Jersey, Dela ware and Maryland, and 4s. 8d. in South-Carolina and Georgia.

† The year is commonly divided into 12 months, as in the following table, called Calendar months:

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Another day is added to February every fourth year, making 29 days in that month, and 366 in the year. Such years are called Bissextile, or Leap year. To know whether any year is a common or leap year, divide by 4; if nothing remain, it is leap year; but if 1, 2 or 3 remain, it i Lat, 2d or 3d after leap year. The number of days in the several months may Le called to mind by the following verse:

Thirty days hath September,
April, June and November,

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